References
- Abou-Donia, M. B., L. B. Goldstein, S. Bullman, T. Tu, W. A. Khan, A. M. Dechkovskaia, A. A. Abdel-Rahman. 2008. Imidacloprid induces neurobehavioral deficits and increases expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein in the motor cortex and hippocampus in offspring rats following in utero exposure. J. Toxicol. and Environ. Health A 71 (2):119–30. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/15287390701613140.
- Anderson, T. A., C. J. Salice, R. A. Erickson, S. T. McMurry, S. B. Cox, and L. M. Smith. 2013. Effects of landuse and precipitation on pesticides and water quality in playa lakes of the southern high plains. Chemosphere 92:84–90. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.02.054.
- Behra, M., X. Cousin, C. Bertrand, J. L. Vonesch, D. Biellmann, A. Chatonnet, U. Strähle. 2002. Acetylcholinesterase is required for neuronal and muscular development in the zebrafish embryo. Nat Neurosci 5:111–18. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/nn788.
- Bergenius, M. A., M. M. G, R. D. Robertson, and M. I. McCormick. 2002. Larval growth predicts the recruitment success of a coral reef fish. Oecologia 131:521–25. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-002-0918-4.
- Berman, H. M., J. Westbrook, Z. Feng, G. Gilliland, T. N. Bhat, H. Weissig. 2000. The protein data bank. Nucl Acids Res 28:235–42. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/28.1.235.
- Bonsignorio, D., L. Perego, L. Del Giacco, and F. Cotelli. 1996. Structure and macromolecular composition of the zebrafish egg chorion. Zygote Camb 4:101–08. doi:https://doi.org/10.1017/S0967199400002975.
- Cheng, S. H., W. K. Wai, C. H. S. A, and R. S. S. Wu. 2000. Cellular and molecular basis of cadmium-induced deformities in zebrafish embryos. Environ. Toxicol. Chem 19:3024–31. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620191223.
- Cimino, A. M., A. L. Boyles, K. A. Thayer, and M. J. Perry. 2017. Effects of neonicotinoid pesticide exposure on human health: A systematic review. Environ. Health Perspect 125:155–62. doi:https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP515.
- Cook, L. W., C. J. Paradise, and B. Lom. 2005. The pesticide malathion reduces survival and growth in developing zebrafish. Environ. Toxicol. Chem 24:1745–50. doi:https://doi.org/10.1897/04-331R.1.
- Crosby, E. B., J. M. Bailey, A. N. Oliveri, and E. D. Levin. 2015. Neurobehavioral impairments caused by developmental imidacloprid exposure in zebrafish. Neurotoxicol. Teratol 49:81–90. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ntt.2015.04.006.
- d’Amora, M., and S. Giordani. 2018. The utility of zebrafish as a model for screening developmental neurotoxicity. Front. Neurosci 12:12. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2018.00976.
- Damborsky, J. C., W. H. Griffith, and U. H. Winzer-Serhan. 2015. Neonatal nicotine exposure increases excitatory synaptic transmission and attenuates nicotine-stimulated GABA release in the adult rat hippocampus. Neuropharmacology 88:187–98. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.06.010.
- Divino, J. N., and W. M. Tonn. 2007. Effects of reproductive timing and hatch date on fathead minnow recruitment. Ecol. Freshw. Fish 16:165–76. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.2006.00208.x.
- Eaton, R. C., R. K. K. Lee, and M. B. Foreman. 2001. The Mauthner cell and other identified neurons of the brainstem escape network of fish. Prog. Neurobiol 63:467–85. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-0082(00)00047-2.
- Eddins, D., D. Cerutti, P. Williams, E. Linney, and E. D. Levin. 2010. Zebrafish provide a sensitive model of persisting neurobehavioral effects of developmental chlorpyrifos exposure: Comparison with nicotine and pilocarpine effects and relationship to dopamine deficits. Neurotoxicol. Teratol 32:99–108. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ntt.2009.02.005.
- Franzen-Klein, D., M. Jankowski, C. L. Roy, H. Nguyen-Phuc, D. Chen, L. Neuman-Lee, P. Redig, J. Ponder. 2020. Evaluation of neurobehavioral abnormalities and immunotoxicity in response to oral imidacloprid exposure in domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 83:45–65. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2020.1723154.
- Fraysse, B., R. Mons, and J. Garric. 2006. Development of a zebrafish 4-day embryo-larval bioassay to assess toxicity of chemicals. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf 63:253–67. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2004.10.015.
- Gharpure, A., J. Teng, Y. Zhuang, C. M. Noviello, R. M. Walsh, R. Cabuco, R. J. Howard, N. T. Zaveri, E. Lindahl, R. E. Hibbs, et al. 2019. Agonist selectivity and ion permeation in the α3β4 ganglionic nicotinic receptor. Neuron 104:501–511.e6. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2019.07.030.
- Gibbons, D., C. Morrissey, and P. Mineau. 2015. A review of the direct and indirect effects of neonicotinoids and fipronil on vertebrate wildlife. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res 22:103–18. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3180-5.
- Goulson, D. 2014. Review: An overview of the environmental risks posed by neonicotinoid insecticides. J. Appl. Ecol 977–87. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12111.
- Hladik, M. L., D. W. Kolpin, and K. M. Kuivila. 2014. Widespread occurrence of neonicotinoid insecticides in streams in a high corn and soybean producing region, USA. Environ. Pollut 193:189–96. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2014.06.033.
- Hladik, M. L., and D. W. Kolpin. 2016. First national-scale reconnaissance of neonicotinoid insecticides in streams across the USA. Environ. Chem 13:12. doi:https://doi.org/10.1071/EN15061.
- Jenkins, G. P., and D. King. 2006. Variation in larval growth can predict the recruitment of a temperate, seagrass-associated fish. Oecologia 147:641–49. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-005-0336-5.
- Jeschke, P., R. Nauen, M. Schindler, and A. Elbert. 2011. Overview of the status and global strategy for neonicotinoids. J. Agric. Food. Chem 59:2897–908. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/jf101303g.
- Kimura-Kuroda, J., Y. Komuta, Y. Kuroda, M. Hayashi, H. Kawano, and S.-I. Okamoto. 2012. Nicotine-like effects of the neonicotinoid insecticides acetamiprid and imidacloprid on cerebellar neurons from neonatal rats. PLOS ONE 7:e32432. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0032432.
- Klee, E. W., J. O. Ebbert, H. Schneider, R. D. Hurt, and S. C. Ekker. 2011. Zebrafish for the study of the biological effects of nicotine. Nicotine Tob. Res 13:301–12. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntr010.
- Lauder, J. M., and U. B. Schambra. 1999. Morphogenetic roles of acetylcholine. Environ. Health Perspect 107:65–69. doi:https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.99107s165.
- Lee Chao, S., and J. E. Casida. 1997. Interaction of imidacloprid metabolites and analogs with the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor of mouse brain in relation to toxicity. Pest. Biochem. Physiol 58:77–88. doi:https://doi.org/10.1006/pest.1997.2284.
- Lee-Jenkins, S. S. Y., and S. A. Robinson. 2018. Effects of neonicotinoids on putative escape behavior of juvenile wood frogs (Lithobates sylvaticus) chronically exposed as tadpoles. Environ. Toxicol. Chem 37:3115–23. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.4284.
- Liu, X., Q. Zhang, S. Li, P. Mi, D. Chen, X. Zhao, X. Feng. 2018. Developmental toxicity and neurotoxicity of synthetic organic insecticides in zebrafish (Danio rerio): A comparative study of deltamethrin, acephate, and thiamethoxam. Chemosphere 199:16–25. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.176.
- Lozada, A. F., X. Wang, N. V. Gounko, K. A. Massey, J. Duan, Z. Liu, D. K. Berg. 2012. Glutamatergic synapse formation is promoted by α7-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. J Neurosci 32:7651–61. doi:https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.6246-11.2012.
- Manner, H. W., M. Vancura, and C. Muehleman. 1977. The ultrastructure of the chorion of the fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas. Trans Am. Fish Soc 106:110–14. doi:https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1977)106<110:TUOTCO>2.0.CO;2.
- Matsuda, K., U. Kinki, M. Shimomura, M. Ihara, M. Akamatsu, and D. B. Sattelle. 2005. Neonicotinoids show selective and diverse actions on their nicotinic receptor targets: Electrophysiology, molecular biology, and receptor modeling studies. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem 69:1442–52. doi:https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.69.1442.
- McGee, M. R., M. L. Julius, A. M. Vajda, D. O. Norris, L. B. Barber, and H. L. Schoenfuss. 2009. Predator avoidance performance of larval fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) following short-term exposure to estrogen mixtures. Aquat. Toxicol 91:355–61. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2008.12.002.
- McHenry, M. J., K. E. Feitl, J. A. Strother, and W. J. Van Trump. 2009. Larval zebrafish rapidly sense the water flow of a predator’s strike. Biol. Lett 5:477–79. doi:https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2009.0048.
- Miller, B., A. W. Kendall, and B. Miller. 2009. Early life history of marine fishes. Berkerley, United States: University of California Press.
- Nair, A., C. Nguyen, and M. J. McHenry. 2017. A faster escape does not enhance survival in zebrafish larvae. Proc. R. Soc. B. Biol. Sci 284. doi:https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.0359.
- Nishimura, Y., S. Murakami, Y. Ashikawa, S. Sasagawa, N. Umemoto, Y. Shimada. 2015. Zebrafish as a systems toxicology model for developmental neurotoxicity testing. Congen Anom 55:1–16. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/cga.12079.
- Painter, M. M., M. A. Buerkley, M. L. Julius, A. M. Vajda, D. O. Norris, L. B. Barber. 2009. Antidepressants at environmentally relevant concentrations affect predator avoidance behavior of larval fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). Environ. Toxicol. Chem 28:2677–84. doi:https://doi.org/10.1897/08-556.1.
- Papke, R. L., F. Ono, C. Stokes, J. M. Urban, and R. T. Boyd. 2012. The nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of zebrafish and an evaluation of pharmacological tools used for their study. Biochem. Pharmacol 84:352–65. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2012.04.022.
- Parker, B., and V. Connaughton. 2007. Effects of nicotine on growth and development in larval zebrafish. Zebrafish 4:59–68. doi:https://doi.org/10.1089/zeb.2006.9994.
- Petzold, A. M., D. Balciunas, S. Sivasubbu, K. J. Clark, V. M. Bedell, S. E. Westcot, S. R. Myers, G. L. Moulder, M. J. Thomas, S. C. Ekker, et al. 2009. Nicotine response genetics in the zebrafish. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106:18662–67. doi:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0908247106.
- Raftery, T. D., G. M. Isales, K. L. Yozzo, and D. C. Volz. 2014. High-content screening assay for identification of chemicals impacting spontaneous activity in zebrafish embryos. Environ. Sci. Technol 48:804–10. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/es404322p.
- Schrödinger release 2022-1: Maestro. (2021). Schrödinger, LLC, New York, NY.
- Schug, T. T., A. F. Johnson, L. S. Birnbaum, T. Colborn, L. J. Guillette, D. P. Crews. 2016. Minireview: Endocrine disruptors: Past lessons and future directions. Mol. Endocrinol 30:833–47. doi:https://doi.org/10.1210/me.2016-1096.
- Selderslaghs, I. W. T., J. Hooyberghs, R. Blust, and H. E. Witters. 2013. Assessment of the developmental neurotoxicity of compounds by measuring locomotor activity in zebrafish embryos and larvae. Neurotoxicol. Teratol 37:44–56. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ntt.2013.01.003.
- Simonin, P. W., D. L. Parrish, L. G. Rudstam, B. Pientka, and P. J. Sullivan. 2016. Interactions between hatch dates, growth rates, and mortality of age-0 native rainbow smelt and nonnative alewife in Lake Champlain. Trans. Am. Fish Soc 145:649–56. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2016.1143401.
- Slotkin, T. A. 2004. Cholinergic systems in brain development and disruption by neurotoxicants: Nicotine, environmental tobacco smoke, organophosphates. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol 198:132–51. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2003.06.001.
- Stephenson, G. L., and K. R. Solomon. 2017. Quantitative weight of evidence assessment of higher-tier studies on the toxicity and risks of neonicotinoids in honeybees. 2. Imidacloprid. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health B 20:330–45. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10937404.2017.1388564.
- Sterling, T., and J. J. Irwin. 2015. ZINC 15 – Ligand discovery for everyone. J. Chem. Inf. Model 55:2324–37. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.5b00559.
- Svoboda, K. R., S. Vijayaraghavan, and R. L. Tanguay. 2002. Nicotinic receptors mediate changes in spinal motoneuron development and axonal pathfinding in embryonic zebrafish exposed to nicotine. J. Neurosci 22:10731–41. doi:https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-24-10731.2002.
- Thomas, L. T., L. Welsh, F. Galvez, and K. R. Svoboda. 2009. Acute nicotine exposure and modulation of a spinal motor circuit in embryonic zebrafish. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol 239:1–12. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2008.08.023.
- Thompson, D. A., H. J. Lehmler, D. W. Kolpin, M. L. Hladik, J. D. Vargo, K. E. Schilling, G. H. LeFevre, T. L. Peeples, M. C. Poch, L. E. LaDuca, et al. 2020. A critical review on the potential impacts of neonicotinoid insecticide use: Current knowledge of environmental fate, toxicity, and implications for human health. Environ. Sci. Process Impacts 22:1315–46. doi:https://doi.org/10.1039/C9EM00586B.
- Tomizawa, M., and J. E. Casida. 2003. Selective toxicity of neonicotinoids attributable to specificity of insect and mammalian nicotinic receptors. Annu. Rev. Entomol 48:339–64. doi:https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ento.48.091801.112731.
- Tomizawa, M., and J. E. Casida. 2005. Neonicotinoid insecticide toxicology: Mechanisms of selective action. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol 45:247-C–1. doi:https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.45.120403.095930.
- Tomizawa, M. 2013. Chemical biology of the nicotinic insecticide receptor. Adv. Insect Physiol 44:63–99.
- Ton, C., Y. Lin, and C. Willett. 2006. Zebrafish as a model for developmental neurotoxicity testing. Birth. Defects Res. A. Clin. Mol. Teratol 76:553–67. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/bdra.20281.
- Victoria, S., S. Duffy, E. Harrahy, and T. King‐Heiden. 2022. Embryonic exposure to thiamethoxam reduces survival and alters neurobehavior of fathead minnows. Environ. Toxicol. Chem 5301. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5301.
- Vignet, C., T. Cappello, Q. Fu, K. Lajoie, G. De Marco, C. Clérandeau, H. Mottaz, M. Maisano, J. Hollender, K. Schirmer, et al. 2019. Imidacloprid induces adverse effects on fish early life stages that are more severe in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) than in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Chemosphere 225:470–78. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.002.
- Weichert, F. G., C. Floeter, A. S. Meza Artmann, and U. Kammann. 2017. Assessing the ecotoxicity of potentially neurotoxic substances – Evaluation of a behavioural parameter in the embryogenesis of Danio rerio. Chemosphere 186:43–50. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.136.
- Westerfield, M. 2000. The Zebrafish book. A guide for the laboratory use of Zebrafish (Danio rerio). 4th ed. Eugene: University of Oregon Press.
- Wisconsin department of agriculture, trade, and consumer protection (WI DATCP). Targeted Sampling Summary Report. 2018. 24.
- Wold, M., M. Beckmann, S. Poitra, A. Espinoza, R. Longie, E. Mersereau, D. C. Darland, T. Darland. 2017. The longitudinal effects of early developmental cadmium exposure on conditioned place preference and cardiovascular physiology in zebrafish. Aquat. Toxicol 191:73–84. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.07.017.
- Zhang, T., X. Y. Zhou, X. F. Ma, and J. X. Liu. 2015. Mechanisms of cadmium-caused eye hypoplasia and hypopigmentation in zebrafish embryos. Aquat. Toxicol 167:68–76. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.07.021.
- Zhu, L., W. Li, J. Zha, N. Li, and Z. Wang. 2019. Chronic thiamethoxam exposure impairs the HPG and HPT axes in adult Chinese rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus): Docking study, hormone levels, histology, and transcriptional responses. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf 185:109683. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109683.