8
Views
15
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Use of repeated co2 challenges to evaluate the pulmonary performance of guinea pigs exposed to toluene diisocyanate

, &
Pages 137-148 | Received 07 Jun 1984, Accepted 29 Jun 1984, Published online: 15 Oct 2009

References

  • Alarie , Y. 1981 . “ Toxicological evaluation of airborne chemical irritants and allergens using respiratory reflex reactions ” . In Proc. Inhalation Toxicology and Technology Symposium , Edited by: Leong , B. K. J. 207 – 231 . Ann Arbor, Mich. : Ann Arbor Science .
  • American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists . 1983–84 . Current Thershold Limit Values , Cincinnati, Ohio : ACGIH .
  • Armitage , P. 1971 . Statistical Methods in Medical Research , New York : Wiley .
  • Charles , J. , Berstein , A. , Jones , B. , Jones , D. J. , Edwards , J. H. , Seal , R. M. E. and Seaton , A. 1976 . Hypersensitivity pneumonitis after exposure to isocyanates . Thorax , 31 : 127 – 136 .
  • Duncan , B. , Scheel , L. D. , Fairchild , E. J. , Killens , R. and Graham , S. 1962 . Toluene diisocyanate inhalation toxicity: Pathology and mortality . Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. , 23 : 447 – 456 .
  • Eldridge , F. and Davis , J. M. 1959 . Effect of mechanical factors on respiratory work and ventilatory responses to CO3 . J. Appl. Physiol. , 14 : 721 – 726 .
  • Fink , J. N. and Schleuter , D. P. 1978 . Bathtub refinisher's lung: An unusual response to toluene diisocyanate . Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. , 118 : 955 – 959 .
  • Fuchs , S. and Valade , P. 1951 . Etude clinique et experimentale sur quelques cas d'intoxication par le Desmodur T (diisocyanate de toluylene 1–2‐4 et 1–2‐6) . Arch. Mal. Prof. , 12 : 191 – 196 .
  • Karol , M. H. 1981 . Survey of industrial workers for antibodies to toluene diisocyanate . J. Occup. med. , 23 : 741 – 747 .
  • Karol , M. H. 1983 . Concentration‐dependent immunologic response to toluene diisocyanate (TDI) following inhalation exposure . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 68 : 229 – 241 .
  • Karol , M. H. , Loset , H. H. , Riley , E. J. and Alarie , Y. C. 1978 . Hapten‐specific respiratory hypersensitivity in guinea pigs . Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. , 39 : 546 – 556 .
  • Karol , M. H. , Sandberg , T. , Riley , E. J. and Alarie , Y. 1979 . Longitudinal study of tolyl‐reactive IgE antibodies in workers hypersensitive to TDI . J. Occup. Med. , 21 : 354 – 358 .
  • Karol , M. H. , Dixon , C. , Brady , M. and Alarie , Y. 1980 . Immunologic sensitization and pulmonary hypersensitivity by repeated inhalation of aromatic isocyanates . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 53 : 260 – 270 .
  • Linaweaver , P. G. 1972 . Prevention of accidents resulting from exposure to high concentrations of foaming chemicals . J. Occup. Med. , 14 : 24 – 30 .
  • Loeser , E. 1983 . Long‐term toxicity and carcinogenicity studies with 2,4/2,6‐toluene‐diisocyanate (80/20) in rats and mice . Toxicol. Lett. , 15 : 71 – 81 .
  • Marcali , K. 1957 . Microdetermination of toluene diisocyanate in atmospheres . Anal. Chem. , 29 : 552 – 558 .
  • Matijak‐Schaper , M. , Wong , K. L. and Alarie , Y. 1983 . A method to rapidly evaluate the acute pulmonary effects of aerosols in unanesthetized guinea pigs . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 67 : 451 – 460 .
  • National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health . 1977 . “ 2,4‐Toluene diisocyanate (TDI) in air ” . In Manual of Analytical Methods, , 2d ed. , vol. 1 , 141.1 – 141.8 . Washington, D.C. : U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare .
  • National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health . 1978 . Criteria for a Recommended Standard: Occupational Exposure to Diisocyanates , Washington, D.C. : U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health .
  • Miewenhuis , R. , Scheel , L. , Stemmer , K. and Killens , R. 1965 . Toxicity of chronic low level exposures to toluene diisocyanate in animals . Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. , 26 : 143 – 149 .
  • Peters , J. M. and Murphy , R. L. M. 1970 . Pulmonary toxicity of isocyanates . Ann. Int. Med. , 73 : 654 – 655 .
  • Sangha , G. K. and Alarie , Y. 1979 . Sensory irritation by toluene diisocyanate in single and repeated exposures . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 50 : 533 – 547 .
  • Schmidt‐Nowara , W. W. , Murphy , R. L. H. and Atkinson , J. D. 1973 . Lung function after acute toluene diisocyanate inhalation . Chest , 63 : 1039 – 1040 .
  • Tenney , S. M. 1954 . Ventilatory response to carbon dioxide in pulmonary emphysema . J. Appl. Physiol. , 6 : 477 – 484 .
  • Thompson , G. E. and Scheel , L. D. 1968 . Alteration of lung pathology from diisocyanate by glycemic or sensitizing agents . Arch. Environ. Health , 16 : 363 – 370 .
  • Travis , E. L. , Brightwell , D. , Aiken , M. and Boyd , M. R. 1982 . Whole body plethsymograph as a noninvasive assay of toxic lung injury in mice: Studies with the pulmonary alkylating agent and cytotoxin, 4‐ipomeanol . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 66 : 193 – 200 .
  • Tyrer , F. H. 1979 . Hazards of spraying with two‐pack paints containing isocyanates . J. Soc. Occup. Med. , 29 : 22 – 24 .
  • Wong , K. L. and Alarie , Y. 1982 . A method for repeated evaluation of pulmonary performance in unanesthetized, unrestrained guinea pigs and its application to detect effects of sulfuric acid mist . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 63 : 72 – 90 .
  • Wong , K. L. , Stock , M. F. and Alarie , Y. 1983 . Evaluation of the pulmonary toxicity of plasticized polyvinyl chloride thermal decomposition products in guinea pigs by repeated CO2 challenges . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 70 : 236 – 248 .
  • Woolrich , P. F. 1982 . Toxicology, industrial hygiene and medical control of TDI, MDI and PMPPI . Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. , 43 : 89 – 97 .
  • Zapp , J. A. 1957 . Hazards of isocyanates in polyurethane foam plastic production . A. M. A. Arch. Ind. Health , 15 : 324 – 330 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.