Suppressive effect of O,O‐dimethyl, S‐ethyl phosphorothioate on immune response

References

• Aldridge , W. N. , Miles , J. W. , Mount , D. L and Verschoyle , R. D. 1979 . The toxicological properties of impurities in malathion . Arch. Toxicol. , 42 : 95 – 106 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chasseaud , L. F. 1979 . The role of glutathione and glutathione S‐transferase in the metabolism of chemical carcinogens and other electrophilic agents . Adv. Cancer Res. , 29 : 175 – 274 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cunningham , A. J. and Szenberg , A. 1968 . Further improvements in the plaque technique for detecting single antibody‐forming cells . Immunology , 14 : 599 – 600 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Devens , B. H. , Grayson , M. H. , Imamura , T. and Rodgers , K. E. 1985 . O,O,S‐Trimethyl phos‐phorothioate effects on immunocompetence . Pestic. Biochem. Physiol. , 24 : 251 – 259 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gandy , J. , Fukuto , T. R. and Imamura , T. 1984 . Sequential and dose‐dependent alterations in rat bronchiolar epithelium during O,O.S‐trimethyl phosphorothioate induced delayed toxicity . J. Pathol. , 143 : 127 – 137 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grinwich , K. D. , Alexander , T. and Cerny , J. 1979 . Properties of murine leukemia‐associated suppressor cells. I. Preferential suppression of thymus‐dependent antibody responses and the requirement of syngeneity in the K region of the H‐2 complex . J. Immunol. , 122 : 1108 – 1115 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamilos , D. L. and Wedner , H. J. 1985 . The role of glutathione in lymphocyte activation. I. Comparison of inhibitory effects of buthionine sulfoximine and 2‐cyclohexene‐1‐one by nuclear size transformation . J. Immunol. , 135 : 2740 – 2747 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imamura , T. , Gandy , J. , Fukuto , T. R. and Talbot , P. 1983a . An impurity of malathion alters the morphology of rat lung bronchiolar epithelium . Toxicology , 26 : 73 – 79 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imamura , T. , Gandy , J. and Fukuto , T. R. 1983b . Selective inhibition of rat pulmonary monooxy‐genease by O,O,S‐trimethyl phosphorothioate treatment . Biochem. Pharmacol. , 32 : 3191 – 3195 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inskeep , P. B. and Guengerich , F. P. 1984 . Glutathione‐mediated binding of dibromoalkanes to DNA: specificity of rat glutathione‐S‐transferases and dibromoalkane structure . Carcinogen‐esis , 5 : 805 – 808 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katsenovich , L. A. , Ruzybakiev , R. M. and Fedorina , L. A. 1981 . T‐i V‐sistemy immuniteta u bol'nykh intoksikatsiei pestitsidami. (T‐ and B‐immunity in patients with pesticide poisoning.) . Cig. Jr. Prof. Zabol. , 4 : 17 – 19 .
   Google Scholar
• Mallipudi , N. M. , Umetsu , N. , Toia , R. F. , Talcott , R. E. and Fukuto , T. R. 1979 . Toxicity of O,O,S‐trimethyl and trimethyl phosphorothioate to rats . J. Agric. Food Chem. , 27 : 463 – 466 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marshak‐Rothstein , A. , Fink , P. , Gridley , T. , Rawlet , M. , Beran , M. and Gefter , M. 1979 . Properties and application of monoclonal antibodies directed against determinants of the Thy‐1 locus . J. Immunol. , 122 : 2491 – 2497 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ozawa , N. and Guengerich , F. P. 1983 . Evidence for formation of an 8‐[2‐(N7‐guanyl)ethyl]gluta‐thione adduct in glutathione‐mediated binding of the carcinogen 1,2‐dibromoethane to DNA . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , 80 : 5266 – 5270 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rittenberg , M. B. and Pratt , K. 1969 . Anti‐trinitrophenyl plaque assay: Primary response of BALB/C mice to soluble and particulate immunogen . Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. , 132 : 575 – 581 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodgers , K. E. , Imamura , T. and Devens , B. H. 1985a . Effects of subacute treatment with O,O,S‐trimethyl phosphorothioate on cellular and humoral immune response systems . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 81 : 310 – 318 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodgers , K. E. , Grayson , M. H. , Imamura , T. and Devens , B. H. 1985b . In vitro effects of malathion and O,O,S‐trimethyl phosphorothioate on cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte responses . Pestic. Biochem. Physiol. , 24 : 260 – 265 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodgers , K. E. , Imamura , T. and Devens , B. H. 1985c . Investigation into the mechanism of immunosuppression caused by acute treatment with O,O,S‐trimethyl phosphorothioate. I. Characterization of the immune cell population affected . Immunopharmacol. , 10 : 171 – 180 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saito , K. , Yamazoe , Y. , Kamataki , T. and Kato , R. 1983 . Activation and detoxication of N‐hydroxy‐Trp‐P‐2 by glutathione and glutathione transferases . Carcinogenesis , 4 : 1551 – 1557 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saito , K. , Yamazoe , Y. , Kamataki , T. and Kato , R. 1984 . Clutathione transferase‐mediated and non‐enzymatic activation of the N‐hydroxy derivative of Trp‐P‐2, a potent pyrolysate promutagen . Xenobiotica , 14 (7) : 545 – 584 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steel , R. G. D. and Torrie , J. 1980 . Principles and Procedures of Statistics, , 2d ed. , New York : McGraw‐Hill .
   Google Scholar
• Talcott , R. E. 1979 . Hepatic and extrahepatic malathion carboxylesterases: Assay and localization in the rat . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 47 : 145 – 150 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas , I. K. and Imamura , T. 1985a . Immunosuppressive effect of an impurity of malathion: Inhibition of murine T‐ and B‐lymphocyte responses by O,O,S‐trimethyl phosphorothioate . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , in press
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas , I. K. and Imamura , T. 1985b . Modulation of cellular and humural immune responses by O,S,S‐trimethyl phosphorodithioate, an impurity of commercial malathion . Toxicology , in press
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Umetsu , N. , Grose , F. H. , Allahyari , R. , Abu‐EI‐Haj , S. and Fukuto , T. R. 1977 . Effect of impurities on the mammalian toxicity of technical malathion and acephate . J. Agric. Food Chem. , 25 : 946 – 953 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Umetsu , N. , Mallipudi , N. M. , Toia , R. F. , March , R. B. and Fukuto , T. R. 1981 . Toxicological properties of phosphorothioate and related esters present as impurities in technical organo‐phosphorus insecticides . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health , 7 : 481 – 497 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verschoyle , R. D. , Aldridge , W. N. and Cabrai , J. R. P. 1980 . Mechanisms of Toxicology and Hazard Evaluation , Edited by: Holmstedt , B. New York : Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical .
   Google Scholar
• Wysocki , L. and Sato , V. 1978 . “Panning”; for lymphocytes: A method for cell selection . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , 75 : 2844 – 2848 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zolotnikova , G. P. 1978 . K voprosu o rannei diagnostiki i profilaktike profpatologii pestitsidnoi prirody u Teplichnits. (An early diagnosis and prophylaxis of pesticide‐induced occupational pathologies in female workers of greenhouses.) . Cig. Tr. Prof. Zabol. , 12 : 14 – 18 .
   Google Scholar