9
Views
3
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Metabolism of 7‐nitrobenz[a]anthracene by intestinal microflora

, , , , &
Pages 369-380 | Received 07 Feb 1994, Accepted 08 Apr 1994, Published online: 20 Oct 2009

References

  • Brown , J. P. 1977 . Role of gut bacterial flora in nutrition and health: A review of recent advances in bacteriological techniques, metabolism and factors affecting flora composition . Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. , 8 : 229 – 336 .
  • Bryant , M. P. 1972 . Commentary on the Hungate technique for culture of anaerobic bacteria . Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , 25 : 1324 – 1328 .
  • Cerniglia , C. E. , Howard , P. C. , Fu , P. P. and Franklin , W. 1984 . Metabolism of nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by the human intestinal microflora . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , 123 : 262 – 270 .
  • Chou , M. W. , Heflich , R. H. , Casciano , D. A. , Miller , D. W. , Freeman , J. P. , Evans , F. E. and Fu , P. P. 1984 . Synthesis, spectral analysis, and mutagenicity of 1‐, 3‐ and 6‐nitrobenzo[a]pyrene . J. Med. Chem. , 27 : 1156 – 1161 .
  • El‐Bayoumy , K. and Hecht , S. S. 1982 . Identification of mutagenic metabolites formed by C‐hydroxylation and nitroreduction of 5‐nitroacenaphthene in rat liver . Cancer Res. , 42 : 1243 – 1248 .
  • Evans , F. E. , Fu , P. P. , Cairns , T. and Yang , S. K. 1981 . Long‐range coupling constants for structural analysis of complex polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by high‐field proton magnetic resonance spectrometry . Anal. Chem. , 53 : 558 – 560 .
  • Fieser , L. F. and Hershberg , E. B. 1938 . Substitution reactions and meso derivatives of 1,2‐benzan‐thracene . J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 60 : 1893 – 1896 .
  • Fu , P. P. 1990 . Metabolic activation of nitro‐polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons . Drug Metab. Rev. , 22 : 209 – 268 .
  • Fu , P. P. , Chou , M. W. , Miller , D. W. , White , G. L. , Heflich , R. H. and Beland , F. A. 1985 . The orientation of the nitro substituent predicts the direct‐acting bacterial mutagenicity of nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons . Mutat. Res. , 143 : 173 – 181 .
  • Fu , P. P. , Heflich , R. H. , Unruh , L. E. , Shaikh , A. U. , Wu , Y.‐S. , Lai , C.‐C. and Lai , J.‐S. 1988a . Relationships among direct‐acting mutagenicity, nitro group orientation and polarographic reduction potential of 6‐nitrobenzo[a]pyrene, 7‐nitrobenz[a]anthracene and their derivatives . Mutat. Res. , 209 : 115 – 122 .
  • Fu , P. P. , Cerniglia , C. E. , Richardson , K. E. and Heflich , R. H. 1988b . Nitroreduction of 6‐nitrobenzo[a]pyrene: A potential activation pathway in humans . Mutat. Res. , 209 : 123 – 129 .
  • Fu , P. P. , Ni , Y.‐C. , Zhang , Y. M. , Heflich , R. H. , Wang , Y. K. and Lai , J. S. 1989 . Effect of the orientation of nitro substituents on the bacterial mutagenicity of dinitrobenzo[a]pyrenes . Mutat. Res. , 225 : 121 – 125 .
  • Goldin , B. R. 1986 . In situ bacterial metabolism and colon mutagens . Annu. Rev. Microbiol. , 40 : 367 – 397 .
  • Goldin , B. R. and Gorbach , S. L. 1977 . Diet and its effect on enzymes linked to colon cancer . Digestion , 16 : 240 – 241 .
  • Goldin , B. R. and Gorbach , S. L. 1980 . The effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus dietary supplements on 1,2‐dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride induced intestinal cancer in rats . JNCI , 64 : 263 – 266 .
  • Goldin , B. R. , Swenson , L. , Dwyer , J. , Sexton , M. and Gorbach , S. L. 1980 . Effect of diet and Lactobacillus acidophilus supplements on human fecal bacterial enzymes . JNCI , 64 : 255 – 261 .
  • Howard , P. C. , Beland , F. A. and Cerniglia , C. E. 1983 . Reduction of the carcinogen 1‐nitropyrene to 1‐aminopyrene by rat intestinal bacteria . Carcinogenesis , 4 : 985 – 990 .
  • Iverson , B. and Greibrokk , T. 1985 . Identification of the decomposition products of nitrobenzanthracenes in solution . Anal. Chim. Acta , 174 : 317 – 322 .
  • Johansen , H. , Doehl , J. and Greibrokk , T. 1989 . Light induced decomposition of nitrobenzanthracenes on glass filters . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 27 : 378 – 382 .
  • Jung , H. , Shaikh , A. U. , Heflich , R. H. and Fu , P. P. 1991 . Nitro group orientation, reduction potential, and direct‐acting mutagenicity of nitro‐polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons . Environ. Mol. Mutagen. , 17 : 169 – 180 .
  • Manning , B. W. , Cerniglia , C. E. and Federle , T. W. 1986 . Biotransformation of 1‐nitropyrene to 1‐aminopyrene and N‐formyl‐1‐aminopyrene by the human intestinal microbiota . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health , 18 : 339 – 346 .
  • Manning , B. W. , Campbell , W. L. , Franklin , W. , Delclos , K. B. and Cerniglia , C. E. 1988 . Metabolism of 6‐nitrochrysene by intestinal microflora . Appl. Environ. Microbiol. , 54 : 197 – 203 .
  • Miller , J. A. and Miller , E. C. 1969 . The metabolic activation of carcinogenic aromatic amines and amides . Prog. Exp. Tumor Res. , 11 : 273 – 301 .
  • Moore , W. E. C. and Holdeman , L. V. 1975 . Discussion of current bacteriological investigations of the relationships between intestinal flora, diet, and colon cancer . Cancer Res. , 35 : 3418 – 3420 .
  • Rafii , F. , Franklin , W. and Cerniglia , C. E. 1990 . Azoreductase activity of anaerobic bacteria isolated from human intestinal microflora . Appl Environ. Microbiol. , 56 : 2146 – 2151 .
  • Rosenkranz , H. S. 1982 . Direct‐acting mutagens in diesel exhaust: Magnitude of the problem . Mutat. Res. , 101 : 1 – 10 .
  • Scheline , R. R. 1973 . Metabolism of foreign compounds by gastrointestinal microorganisms . Pharmacol. Rev. , 25 : 451 – 532 .
  • Schuetzle , D. 1983 . Sampling of vehicle emissions for chemical analysis and biological testing . Environ. Health Perspect. , 47 : 65 – 80 .
  • Snedecor , G. W. and Cochran , W. G. 1980 . Statistical methods , Ames : Iowa State University Press .
  • Takemura , N. , Hashida , C. and Terasawa , M. 1974 . Carcinogenic action of 5‐nitroacenaphthene . Br. J. Cancer , 30 : 481 – 483 .
  • Weisburger , J. H. and Weisburger , E. K. 1973 . Biochemical formation and pharmacological, toxicological, and pathological properties of hydroxylamines and hydroxamic acids . Pharmacol. Rev. , 25 : 1 – 66 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.