The Role of Parenting in the Emergence of Human Emotion: New Approaches to the Old Nature-Nurture Debate

REFERENCES

• Aslin , R. N. , Jusczyk , P. W. and Pisoni , D. B. 1998 . “ Speech and auditory processing during infancy: Constraints on and precursors to language ” . In Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 2. Cognition, perception, and language , Edited by: Damon , W. , Kuhn , D. and Siegler , R. S. 147 – 198 . New York , NY : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Bachevalier , J. and Loveland , K. A. 2006 . The orbitofrontal-amygdala circuit and self-regulation of social-emotional behavior in autism . Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews , 30 : 97 – 117 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bauer , P. M. , Hanson , J. L. , Pierson , R. K. , Davidson , R. J. and Pollak , S. D. 2009 . Cerebellar volume and cognitive functioning in children who experienced early deprivation . Biological Psychiatry , 66 : 1100 – 1106 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beale , J. M. and Keil , F. C. 1995 . Categorical effects in the perception of faces . Cognition , 57 : 217 – 239 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Champagne , F. , Diorio , J. , Sharma , S. and Meaney , M. J. 2001 . Naturally occurring variations in maternal behavior in the rat are associated with differences in estrogen-inducible central oxytocin receptors . Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, USA , 122 : 12736 – 12741 .
   Google Scholar
• Darwin , C. 1965 . The expression of the emotions in man and animals , London , , UK : John Murray. (Original work published 1872) .
   Google Scholar
• Giedd , J. N. , Schmitt , J. E. and Neale , M. C. 2007 . Structural brain magnetic resonance imaging of pediatric twins . Human Brain Mapping , 28 : 474 – 481 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grippo , A. J. , Trahanas , D. M. , Zimmerman , R. R. II , Porges , S. W. and Carter , C. S. 2009 . Oxytocin protects against negative behavioral and autonomic consequences of long-term social isolation . Psychoneuroendocrinology , 34 ( 10 ) : 1542 – 1553 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanson , J. L. , Chung , M. K. , Avants , B. B. , Shirtcliff , E. A. , Gee , J. C. , Davidson , R. J. and Pollak , S. D. 2010 . Early stress is associated with alterations in the orbitofrontal cortex: A tensor-based morphometry investigation of brain structure and behavioral risk . Journal of Neuroscience , 60 : 7466 – 7472 .
   Google Scholar
• Heinricks , M. , Baumgartner , T. , Kirschbaum , C. and Ehlert , U. 2003 . Social support and oxytocin interact to suppress cortisol and subjective responses to psychosocial stress . Biological Psychiatry , 1397 ( 54 ) : 1389 – 1398 .
   Google Scholar
• Jaffee , S. R. , Caspi , A. , Moffitt , T. E. and Taylor , A. 2004 . Physical maltreatment victim to antisocial child: Evidence of an environmentally mediated process . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 113 : 44 – 55 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim-Cohen , J. 2007 . Resilience and developmental psychopathology . Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America , 16 : 271 – 283 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lesnik-Oberstein , M. , Koers , A. J. and Cohen , L. 1995 . Parental hostility and its sources in psychologically abusive mothers: A test of the three-factor theory . Child Abuse and Neglect , 19 : 33 – 49 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lovic , V. and Fleming , A. S. 2004 . Artificially-reared female rats show reduced prepulse inhibition and deficits in the attentional set shifting task-reversal of effects with maternal-like licking stimulation . Behavioral Brain Research , 148 ( 1–2 ) : 209 – 219 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lukas , M. , Bredewold , R. , Landgraf , R. , Neumann , I. D. and Veenema , A. H. 2011 . Early life stress impairs social recognition due to a blunted response of vasopressin release within the septum of adult male rats . Psychoneuroendocrinology , 36 : 843 – 853 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meaney , M. J. and Szyf , M. 2005 . Environmental programming of stress responses through DNA methylation: Life at the interface between a dynamic environment and a fixed genome . Dialogues In Clinical Neuroscience , 7 : 103 – 123 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pollak , S. D. 2005 . Early adversity and mechanisms of plasticity: Integrating affective neuroscience with developmental approaches to psychopathology . Development & Psychopathology , 17 : 735 – 752 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pollak , S. D. 2008 . Mechanisms linking early experience and the emergence of emotions: Illustrations from the study of maltreated children . Current Directions in Psychological Science , 17 : 370 – 375 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pollak , S. D. , Cicchetti , D. , Hornung , K. and Reed , A. 2000 . Recognizing emotion in faces: Developmental effects of child abuse and neglect . Developmental Psychology , 36 : 679 – 688 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pollak , S. D. , Cicchetti , D. , Klorman , R. and Brumaghim , J. T. 1997 . Cognitive brain event-related potentials and emotion processing in maltreated children . Child Development , 68 : 773 – 787 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pollak , S. D. and Kistler , D. J. 2002 . Early experience is associated with the development of categorical representations for facial expressions of emotion . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA , 99 : 9072 – 9076 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pollak , S. D. , Klorman , R. , Thatcher , J. E. and Cicchetti , D. 2001 . P3b reflects maltreated children's reactions to facial displays of emotion . The International Journal of the Society for Psychophysiological Research , 38 : 267 – 274 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pollak , S. D. and Tolley-Schell , S. A. 2003 . Selective attention to facial emotion in physically abused children . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 112 : 323 – 338 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanchez , M. M. , Alagbe , O. , Felger , J. C. , Zhang , J. , Graff , A. E. , Grand , A. P. , … and Miller , A. H. 2007 . Activated p38 MAPK is associated with decreased CSF 5-HIAA and increased maternal rejection during infancy in rhesus monkeys . Molecular Psychiatry , 12 : 895 – 897 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanchez , M. M. , Noble , P. M. , Lyon , C. K. , Plotsky , P. M. , Davis , M. Nemeroff , C. B. 2005 . Alterations in diurnal cortisol rhythm and acoustic startle response in nonhuman primates with adverse rearing . Biological Psychiatry , 57 : 373 – 381 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanchez , M. M. and Pollak , S. D. 2009 . “ Socio-emotional development following early abuse and neglect: Challenges and insights from translational research ” . In Handbook of Developmental Social Neuroscience , Edited by: de Haan , M. and Gunnar , M. R. 497 – 520 . New York , NY : Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Sapolsky , R. M. , Romero , L. M. and Munck , A. U. 2000 . How do glucocorticoids influence stress responses? Integrating permissive, suppressive, stimulatory, and preparative actions . Endocrine Reviews , 21 : 55 – 89 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shackman , J. E. , Shackman , A. J. and Pollak , S. D. 2007 . Physical abuse amplifies attention to threat and increases anxiety in children . Emotion , 7 : 838 – 852 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shackman , J. E. , Fatani , S. , Camras , L. A. , Berkowitz , M. J. , Bachorowski , J. and Pollak , S. D. 2010 . Cognition and Emotion , 24 ( 8 ) : 1421 – 1430 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thiessen , E. D. , Hill , E. A. and Saffran , J. R. 2005 . Infant-directed speech facilitates word segmentation . Infancy , 7 : 53 – 71 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wismer Fries , A. B. and Pollak , S. D. 2004 . Emotion understanding in postinstitutionalized Eastern European children . Development and Psychopathology , 16 : 355 – 369 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wismer Fries , A. B. , Shirtcliff , E. A. and Pollak , S. D. 2008 . Neuroendocrine dysregulation following early social deprivation in children . Developmental Psychobiology , 50 : 588 – 599 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wismer Fries , A. B. , Ziegler , T. E. , Kurian , J. R. , Jacoris , S. and Pollak , S. D. 2005 . Early experience in humans is associated with changes in neuropeptides critical for regulating social behavior . Proceedings National Academy of Sciences of the USA , 102 ( 27 ) : 17237 – 17240 .
   Google Scholar
• Young , A. W. , Rowland , D. , Calder , A. J. , Etcoff , N. L. , Seth , A. and Perret , D. I. 1997 . Facial expression megamix: Tests of dimensional and category accounts of emotion recognition . Cognition , 63 : 271 – 313 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar