1,301
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

“Bisexuality Isn’t Exclusionary”: A Qualitative Examination of Bisexual Definitions and Gender Inclusivity Concerns among Plurisexual Women

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon &

References

  • Agénor, M., Pérez, A. E., Koma, J. W., Abrams, J. A., McGregor, A. J., & Ojikutu, B. O. (2019). Sexual orientation identity, race/ethnicity, and lifetime HIV testing in a national probability sample of U.S. women and men: An intersectional approach. LGBT Health, 6(6), online. https://doi.org/10.1089/lgbt.2019.0001
  • Barker, M. (2007). Heteronormativity and the exclusion of bisexuality in psychology. In V. Clarke & E. Peel (Eds.), Out in psychology: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and queer perspectives (pp. 86–118). Wiley.
  • Barker, M., Bowes-Catton, H., Iantaffi, A., Cassidy, A. & Brewer, L. (2008). British bisexuality: A snapshot of bisexual identities in the UK. Journal of Bisexuality, 8(1&2), 141–162. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299710802143026
  • Bauer, G. R. & Jairam, J. A. (2008). Are lesbians really women who have sex with women (WSW)? Methodological concerns in measuring sexual orientation in health research. Women & Health, 48(4), 383–408. https://doi.org/10.1080/03630240802575120
  • Bauer, G. R. & Brennan, D. J. (2013). The problem with ‘behavioral bisexuality’: Assessing sexual orientation in survey research. Journal of Bisexuality, 13(2), 148–165. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299716.2013.782260
  • Bower, J., Gurevich, M., & Mathieson, C. (2002). (Con)tested identities: Bisexual women reorient sexuality. Journal of Bisexuality, 2(2–3), 23–52. https://doi.org/10.1300/J159v02n02_03
  • Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
  • Brewster, M. E., & Moradi, B. (2010). Perceived experiences of anti-bisexual prejudice: Instrument development and evaluation. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 57(4), 451–468. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021116
  • Callis, A. S. (2014). Bisexual, pansexual, queer: Nonbinary identities and the sexual borderlands. Sexualities, 17(1–2), 63–80. https://doi.org/10.1177/1363460713511094
  • Cipriano, A. E., Nguyen, D., & Holland, K. J. (in press). “In order to be bi, you have to prove it”: A qualitative examination of plurisexual women’s experiences with external and internalized pressure to prove their identities. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1037/sgd0000567
  • Copen, C. E., Chandra, A., & Febo-Vazquez, I. (2016). Sexual behavior, sexual attraction, and sexual orientation among adults aged 18–44 in the United States: Data from the 2011– 2013 National Survey of Family Growth (Report No. 88). http://i2.cdn.turner.com/cnn/2016/images/01/06/nhsr88.pdf
  • Diamond, L. M. (2008). Sexual fluidity: Understanding women’s love and desire. Harvard University Press.
  • Dyar, C., & Feinstein, B. A. (2018). Binegativity: Attitudes toward and stereotypes about bisexual individuals. In D. J. Swan & S. Habibi (Eds.), Bisexuality: Theories, research, and recommendations for the invisible sexuality (pp. 95–111). Springer International. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71535-3_6
  • Dyar, C., Feinstein, B. A., & London, B. (2015). Mediators of differences between lesbians and bisexual women in sexual identity and minority stress. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 2(1), 43–51. https://doi.org/10.1037/sgd0000090
  • Eliason, M. J., & Streed, C. G. (2017). Choosing “something else” as a sexual identity: Evaluating response options on the National Health Interview Survey. LGBT Health, 4(5), 376–379. https://doi.org/10.1089/lgbt.2016.0206
  • Fassinger, R. E., & Arseneau, J. R. (2007). “I’d rather get wet than be under the umbrella”: Differentiating the experiences and identities of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people. In K. J. Biesche, R. M. Perez, & K. A. DeBord (Eds.), Handbook of counseling and psychotherapy with lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender clients (pp. 19–49). American Psychological Association.
  • Flanders, C. E., Dobinson, C., & Logie, C. (2016). Young bisexual women’s perspectives on the relationship between bisexual stigma, mental health, and sexual health: A qualitative study. Critical Public Health. 27(1), 75–85. https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2016.1158786
  • Flanders, C. E., LeBreton, M. E., Robinson, M., Bian, J., & Caravaca-Morera, J. A. (2017). Defining bisexuality: Young bisexual and pansexual people’s voices. Journal of Bisexuality, 17(1), 39–57. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299716.2016.1227016
  • Flanders, C. E., Anderson, R. E., Tarasoff, L. A., & Robinson, M. (2019). Bisexual stigma, sexual violence, and sexual health among bisexual and other plurisexual women: A cross-sectional survey study. Journal of Sex Research, 56, 1115–1127. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2018.1563042
  • Galupo, M. P. (2011). Bisexuality: Complicating and conceptualizing sexual identity. Journal of Bisexuality, 11(4), 545–549. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299716.2011.620866
  • Galupo, M. P., Davis, K. S., Grynkiewicz, A. L., & Mitchell, R. C. (2014a). Conceptualization of sexual orientation identity among sexual minorities: Patterns across sexual and gender identity. Journal of Bisexuality, 14(3–4), 433–456. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299716.2014.933466
  • Galupo, M. P., Lomash, E., & Mitchell, R. C. (2016). "All of My Lovers Fit Into This Scale": Sexual Minority Individuals’ Responses to Two Novel Measures of Sexual Orientation”:. Journal of Homosexuality, 64(2), 145–165. https://doi.org/10.1080/00918369.2016.1174027
  • Galupo, M. P., Mitchell, R. C., & Davis, K. S. (2015). Sexual minority self-identification: Multiple identities and complexity. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 2(4), 355–364. https://doi.org/10.1037/sgd0000131
  • Galupo, M. P., Mitchell, R. C., Grynkiewicz, A. L., & Davis, K. S. (2014b). Sexual minority reflections on the Kinsey Scale and the Klein Sexual Orientation Grid: Conceptualization and measurement. Journal of Bisexuality, 14(3–4), 404–432. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299716.2014.929553
  • Galupo, M. P., Ramirez, J. L., & Pulice-Farrow, L. (2017). Regardless of their gender”: Descriptions of sexual identity among bisexual, pansexual, and queer identified individuals. Journal of Bisexuality, 17(1), 108–124. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299716.2016.1228491
  • Hayfield, N., Clarke, V., & Halliwell, E. (2014). Bisexual women’s understandings of social marginalisation: ‘The heterosexuals don’t understand us but nor do the lesbians’. Feminism & Psychology, 24(3), 352–372. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959353514539651
  • James, S. E., Herman, J. L., Rankin, S., Keisling, M., Mottet, L., & Anafi, M. (2016). Report of the 2015 U.S. Transgender Survey. National Center for Transgender Equality. Retrieved from https://transequality.org/sites/default/files/docs/usts/USTS-Full-Report-Dec17.pdf
  • Katz-Wise, S. L., Rosario, M., & Tsappis, M. (2016). Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender youth and family acceptance. Pediatric Clinics of North America, 63, 1011–1025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcl.2016.07.005
  • Kinsey, A. C., Pomeroy, W. B., Martin, C. E., & W.B. Saunders Company. (1948). Sexual behavior in the human male. W.B. Saunders; Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
  • Lorenz, T. K. (2019). Brief report: Sexual wellbeing in heterosexual, mostly heterosexual, and bisexually attracted men and women. International Journal of Sexual Health, 31(3), 339–349. https://doi.org/10.1080/19317611.2019.1628156
  • Lorenz, T. K. (2021). Relying on an “Other” category leads to significant misclassification of sexual minority participants. LGBT Health, 8(5), 372–377. https://doi.org/10.1089/lgbt.2020.0449
  • McLean, K. (2018). Bisexuality in society. In D. J. Swan & S. Habibi (Eds.), Bisexuality:Theories, research, and recommendations for the invisible sexuality (pp. 77–93).Springer International. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71535-3_5
  • Messinger, A. M. (2011). Invisible victims: Same-sex IPV in the national violence against women survey. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 26(11), 2228–2243. https://doi.org/10.1177/2F0886260510383023
  • Mitchell, R. C., Davis, K. S., & Galupo, M. P. (2014). Comparing perceived experiences of prejudice among self-identified plurisexual individuals. Psychology & Sexuality. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/19419899.2014.940372
  • Mitchell, R. C., Davis, K. S., & Galupo, M. P. (2015). Comparing perceived experiences of prejudice among self-identified plurisexual individuals. Psychology & Sexuality, 6(3), 245–257. https://doi.org/10.1080/19419899.2014.940372
  • Morgan, E. M. (2011). Contemporary issues in sexual orientation and identity development in emerging adulthood. Emerging Adulthood, 1(1), 52–66. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696812469187
  • Persson, T. J. & Pfaus, J. G. (2015) Bisexuality and mental health: Future research directions. Journal of Bisexuality, 15(1), 82–98. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299716.2014.994694
  • Rosenthal, A. M., Sylva, D., Safron, A., & Bailey, J. M. (2011). Sexual arousal patterns of bisexual men revisited. Biological Psychology, 88(1), 112–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2011.06.015
  • Ross, M. W., & Paul, J. P. (1992). Beyond Gender: The Basis of Sexual Attraction in Bisexual Men and Women. Psychological Reports, 71(3 Pt 2), 1283–1290. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1992.71.3f.1283
  • Rust, P. C. (2001). Two many and not enough: The meanings of bisexual identities. Journal of Bisexuality, 1(1), 31–68. https://doi.org/10.1300/J159v01n01_04
  • Savin-Williams, R. C., & Vrangalova, Z. (2013). Mostly heterosexual as a distinct sexual orientation group: A systematic review of the empirical evidence. Developmental Review, 33(1), 58–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2013.01.001
  • Shearing, L. (2021). Bi the Way: The Bisexual Guide to Life. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
  • Thompson, E. M., & Morgan, E. M. (2008). "Mostly straight" young women: Variations in sexual behavior and identity development. Developmental Psychology, 44(1), 15–21. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.44.1.15
  • Tornello, S. L., Riskind, R. G., & Patterson, C. J. (2014). Sexual orientation and sexual and reproductive health among adolescent young women in the United States. Journal of Adolescent Health, 54, 160–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.08.018
  • Vrangalova, Z., & Savin-Williams, R. C. (2012). Mostly heterosexual and mostly gay/lesbian: New sexual orientation identities. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 41, 85–101. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-012-9921-y
  • Walters, M. L., Chen, J., & Breiding, M. J. (2013). The National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS): 2010 findings on victimization by sexual orientation. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/pdf/nisvs_sofindings.pdf
  • Worthen, M. G. F. (2013). An argument for separate analyses of attitudes toward lesbian, gay, bisexual men, bisexual women, MtF and FtM transgender individuals. Sex Roles, 68(11–12), 703–723. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-012-0155-1

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.