406
Views
15
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Permission to Speak: Therapists’ Understandings of Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures and Their Treatment

, &
Pages 108-123 | Received 08 Apr 2009, Accepted 07 May 2009, Published online: 07 Jan 2010

REFERENCES

  • American Psychiatric Association . 1994 . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders , 4th , Washington, DC : Author .
  • Bewley , J. , Murphy , P. , Mallows , J. and Baker , G. 2005 . Does alexithymia differentiate between patients with nonepileptic seizures, patients with epilepsy and nonpatient controls? . Epilepsy and Behavior , 7 : 430 – 437 .
  • Bowman , E. 1993 . Etiology and clinical course of pseudoseizures: Relationship to trauma, depression and dissociation . Psychosomatics , 34 : 333 – 342 .
  • Bowman , E. 1999 . Nonepileptic seizures: Psychiatric framework, treatment and outcome . Neurology , 53 ( 5 ) : S84 – S88 .
  • Bowman , E. and Kanner , A. M. 2007 . “ Psychopathology and outcome in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures ” . In Psychiatric issues in epilepsy , Edited by: Ettinger , A. B. and Kanner , A. M. 432 – 460 . Philadelphia : Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins .
  • Bowman , E. and Markand , O. 1996 . Psychodynamics and psychiatric diagnoses of pseudoseizure subjects . American Journal of Psychiatry , 153 : 57 – 63 .
  • Bowman , E. and Markand , O. 2005 . Diagnosis and treatment of pseudoseizures . Psychiatric Annals , 35 : 306 – 317 .
  • Brown , R. J. , Schrag , A. and Trimble , M. R. 2005 . Dissociation, childhood interpersonal trauma and family functioning in patients with somatization disorder . American Journal of Psychiatry , 162 : 899 – 904 .
  • Buchanan , N. and Snars , J. 1993 . Pseudoseizures (non-epileptic attack disorder)—Clinical management and outcome in 50 patients . Seizure , 2 : 141 – 146 .
  • Carton , S. , Thompson , P. and Duncan , J. 2003 . Non-epileptic seizures: Patients’ understanding and reaction to the diagnosis and impact on outcome . Seizure , 12 : 287 – 294 .
  • Charmaz , K. 2000 . “ Grounded theory: Objectivist and constructivist methods ” . In Handbook of qualitative methods , 2nd , Edited by: Denzin , N. and Lincoln , Y. 509 – 535 . Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
  • Fiszman , A. , Alves-Leon , S. , Nunes , R. , D'Andrea , I. and Figueira , I. 2004 . Traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: A critical review . Epilepsy and Behavior , 5 : 818 – 825 .
  • Fleisher , W. , Staley , D. , Krawetz , P. , Pillay , N. , Arnett , J. and Maher , J. 2002 . Comparative study of trauma-related phenomena in subjects with pseudoseizures and subjects with epilepsy . American Journal of Psychiatry , 159 : 660 – 663 .
  • Fonagy , P. , Gergely , G. , Jurist , E. and Target , M. 2004 . Affect regulation, mentalization and the development of self , London : Karnac .
  • Frances , P. , Baker , G. and Appleton , P. 1999 . Stress and avoidance in pseudoseizures: Testing the assumptions . Epilepsy Research , 34 : 241 – 249 .
  • Freud , S. and Breuer , J. 2004 . Studies in hysteria , Edited by: Luckhurst , N. London : Penguin Books. (Original work published 1895) . Trans.
  • Gene-Cos , N. and Ring , H. 2005 . Making sense of non-epileptic disorders . Epileptic Disorders , 7 ( 2 ) : 123 – 130 .
  • Glaser , B. and Strauss , A. 1967 . The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research , New York : Aldine .
  • Goldstein , L. , Deale , A. , Mitchell-O'Malley , S. , Toone , B. and Mellers , J. 2004 . An evaluation of cognitive behavioral therapy as a treatment for dissociative seizures . Cognitive Behavioral Neurology , 17 : 41 – 49 .
  • Griffith , J. , Polles , A. and Griffith , M. 1998 . Pseudoseizures, families and unspeakable dilemmas . Psychosomatics , 39 : 144 – 153 .
  • Hall , W. A. and Callery , P. 2001 . Enhancing the rigor of grounded theory: Incorporating reflexivity and relationality . Qualitative Health Research , 11 ( 2 ) : 257 – 272 .
  • Harden , C. 1997 . Pseudoseizures and dissociative disorders: A common mechanism involving traumatic experiences . Seizure , 6 : 151 – 155 .
  • Harden , C. 2003 . Contribution of current and past traumatic events to pseudoseizures and epilepsy . Epilepsy Currents , 3 ( 2 ) : 50
  • Herman , J. 2001 . Trauma and recovery , London : Pandora .
  • Janet , P. 1907 . The major symptoms of hysteria , London : Macmillan .
  • Kalogjera-Sackellares , D. 2004 . Psychodynamics and psychotherapy of pseudoseizures , Carmarthen, Wales : Crown House .
  • Kanner , A. , Parra , J. , Frey , M. , Stebbins , G. , Pierre-Louis , S. and Iriarte , J. 1999 . Psychiatric and neurologic predictors of psychogenic pseudoseizure outcome . Neurology , 53 : 933 – 938 .
  • Kohut , H. 1977 . The restoration of the self , New York : International University Press .
  • Kuyk , J. , Van Dyck , R. and Spinvoven , P. 1996 . The case for a dissociative interpretation of pseudoepileptic seizures . Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease , 184 : 468 – 474 .
  • LaFrance , W. and Barry , J. 2005 . Update on treatments of psychological nonepileptic seizures . Epilepsy and Behavior , 7 : 364 – 374 .
  • Linehan , M. 1993 . Cognitive behavioral treatment for borderline personality disorder , New York : Guilford Press .
  • Meares , R. 2000 . Intimacy & alienation: Memory, trauma & personal being , London : Brunner-Routledge .
  • Middleton , W. and Butler , J. 1998 . Dissociative identity disorder: An Australian series . Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry , 32 : 794 – 804 .
  • Nijenhuis , E. 2004 . Somatoform dissociation: Phenomena, measurement and theoretical issues , New York : W. W. Norton .
  • Oxford English Dictionary . 2005 . , 2nd rev. , Oxford, England : Oxford University Press .
  • Prueter , C. , Schultz-Venrath , U. and Rimpau , W. 2002 . Dissociative and associated psychopathological symptoms in patients with epilepsy, pseudoseizures and both seizure forms . Epilepsia , 43 ( 2 ) : 188 – 192 .
  • Quigg , M. , Armstrong , R. , Farace , E. and Fountain , N. 2002 . Quality of life outcome is associated with cessation rather than reduction of psychogenic seizures . Epilepsy and Behavior , 3 : 455 – 459 .
  • Quinn , M. , Schofield , M. and Middleton , M. 2008 . Conceptualization and treatment of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures . Journal of Trauma & Dissociation , 9 : 63 – 84 .
  • Reuber , M. and Elger , C. 2003 . Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: Review and update . Epilepsy and Behavior , 4 : 205 – 216 .
  • Reuber , M. , Mitchell , A. , Howlett , S. and Elger , C. 2005 . Measuring outcome in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: How relevant is seizure remission? . Epilepsia , 46 : 1788 – 1795 .
  • Reuber , M. , Pukrop , R. , Bauer , J. , Helmstaedter , C. , Tessendorf , N. and Elger , C. 2003 . Outcome in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: 1 to 10-year follow-up in 164 patients . Annals of Neurology , 53 : 305 – 311 .
  • Ross , C. 1997 . Dissociative identity disorder: Diagnosis, clinical features and treatment of multiple personality , New York : Wiley .
  • Ross , C. 2000 . The trauma model: A solution to the problem of comorbidity in psychiatry , Richardson, TX : Manitou Communications .
  • Sar , V. 2006 . The scope of dissociative disorders: An international perspective . Psychiatric Clinics of North America , 29 ( 1 ) : 227 – 245 .
  • Sar , V. and Ross , C. 2006 . Dissociative disorders as a confounding factor in psychiatric research . Psychiatric Clinics of North America , 29 ( 1 ) : 129 – 144 .
  • Steele , K. , van der Hart , O. and Nijenhuis , E. 2005 . Phase-oriented treatment of structural dissociation in complex traumatization: Overcoming trauma-related phobias . Journal of Trauma & Dissociation , 6 ( 3 ) : 11 – 53 .
  • Stone , J. , Sharpe , M. and Bizner , M. 2004 . Motor conversion symptoms and pseudoseizures: A comparison of clinical characteristics . Psychosomatics , 45 : 492 – 499 .
  • van der Hart , O. , Nijenhuis , E. and Steele , K. 2006 . The haunted self: Structural dissociation and the treatment of chronic traumatization , New York : W. W. Norton .
  • Veith , I. 1965 . Hysteria: The history of a disease , Chicago : University of Chicago Press .
  • Waldinger , R. , Schulz , M. , Barsky , A. and Ahern , D. 2006 . Mapping the road from childhood trauma to adult somatization: The role of attachment . Psychosomatic Medicine , 68 ( 1 ) : 128 – 135 .
  • Witgert , M. , Wheless , J. and Breier , J. 2004 . Frequency of panic symptoms in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures . Epilepsy and Behavior , 6 : 174 – 178 .
  • World Health Organization . 1992 . The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders: Clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines , Geneva, , Switzerland : Author .
  • Wyllie , E. , Glazer , J. , Benbadis , S. , Kotagal , P. and Wolgamuth , B. 1999 . Psychiatric features of children and adolescents with pseudoseizures . Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine , 153 ( 3 ) : 244 – 248 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.