References
- Bateman, A., & Fonagy, P. (2010). Mentalization based treatment for borderline personality disorder. World Psychiatry, 9(1), 11–15. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20148147
- Brodsky, B. S., Cloitre, M., & Dulit, R. A. (1995). Relationship of dissociation to self-mutilation and childhood abuse in borderline personality disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 152(12), 1788–1792. doi:10.1176/ajp.152.12.1788
- Herman, J. L., Perry, J. C., & van der Kolk, B. A. (1989). Childhood trauma in borderline personality disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 146(4), 490–495. doi:10.1176/ajp.146.4.490
- Holmes, E. A., Brown, R. J., Mansell, W., Fearon, R. P., Hunter, E. C., Frasquilho, F., & Oakley, D. A. (2005). Are there two qualitatively distinct forms of dissociation? A review and some clinical implications. Clinical Psychology Review, 25(1), 1–23. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2004.08.006
- Kernberg, O. (1967). Borderline personality organization. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 15(3), 641–685. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4861171
- Kernberg, O. F., Yeomans, F. E., Clarkin, J. F., & Levy, K. N. (2008). Transference focused psychotherapy: Overview and update. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 89(3), 601–620. doi:10.1111/j.1745-8315.2008.00046.x
- La Mela, C., Maglietta, M., Castellini, G., Amoroso, L., & Lucarelli, S. (2010). Dissociation in eating disorders: Relationship between dissociative experiences and binge-eating episodes. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 51(4), 393–400. doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2009.09.008
- Lee, W. E., Kwok, C. H., Hunter, E. C., Richards, M., & David, A. S. (2012). Prevalence and childhood antecedents of depersonalization syndrome in a UK birth cohort. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 47(2), 253–261. doi:10.1007/s00127-010-0327-7
- Linehan, M. M. (1987). Dialectical behavior therapy for borderline personality disorder. Theory and method. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 51(3), 261–276. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3580661
- McMain, S. F., Links, P. S., Gnam, W. H., Guimond, T., Cardish, R. J., Korman, L., & Streiner, D. L. (2009). A randomized trial of dialectical behavior therapy versus general psychiatric management for borderline personality disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 166(12), 1365–1374. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19755574
- Murphy, D., & Busuttil, L. (2015). Exploring outcome predictors in UK VETERANS TREAted for PTSD. Psychology Research, 5(8), 441–451.
- Nordqvist, J. (2019). What are dissociation and depersonalization? Retrieved from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/262888.php
- Prasko, J., Grambal, A., Kasalova, P., Kamardova, D., Ociskova, M., Holubova, M., … Zatkova, M. (2016). Impact of dissociation on treatment of depressive and anxiety spectrum disorders with and without personality disorders. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 12, 2659–2676. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27799774
- Reed, L. I., Fitzmaurice, G., & Zanarini, M. C. (2012). The course of dysphoric affective and cognitive states in borderline personality disorder: A 10-year follow-up study. Psychiatry Research, 196(1), 96–100. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22326877
- Resick, P. A., Suvak, M. K., Johnides, B. D., Mitchell, K. S., & Iverson, K. M. (2012). The impact of dissociation on PTSD treatment with cognitive processing therapy. Depress Anxiety, 29(8), 718–730. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22473922
- Ross, C. A. (2007). Borderline personality disorder and dissociation. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 8(1), 71–80. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17409055
- Ross, C. A., Ellason, J. W., & Anderson, G. (1995). A factor analysis of the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) in dissociative identity disorder. Dissociation, 8(4), 229–235.
- Ross, C. A., Joshi, S., & Currie, R. (1991). Dissociative experiences in the general population: A factor analysis. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 42(3), 297–301. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2030014
- Sanders, B., & Green, J. A. (1994). The factor structure of the dissociative experiences scale in college students. Dissociation, 7(1), 23–27.
- Sar, V., Akyuz, G., Kugu, N., Ozturk, E., & Ertem-Vehid, H. (2006). Axis I dissociative disorder comor- bidity in borderline personality dis- order and reports of childhood trauma. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 67, 1583–1590. doi:10.4088/JCP.v67n1014
- Sar, V., Alioglu, F., & Akyuz, G. (2017). Depersonalization and derealization in self-report and clinical interview: The spectrum of borderline personality disorder, dissociative disorders, and healthy controls. J Trauma Dissociation, 18(4), 490–506. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27681414
- Shearer, S. L. (1994). Dissociative phenomena in women with borderline personality disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 151(9), 1324–1328. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8067488
- Simeon, D., Guralnik, O., Gross, S., Stein, D. J., Schmeidler, J., & Hollander, E. (1998). The detection and measurement of depersonalization disorder. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 186(9), 536–542. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9741559
- Simeon, D., Nelson, D., Elias, R., Greenberg, J., & Hollander, E. (2003). Relationship of personality to dissociation and childhood trauma in borderline personality disorder. CNS Spectr, 8(10), 755–762. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14712173
- Spiegel, D., & Cardena, E. (1991). Disintegrated experience: The dissociative disorders revisited. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100(3), 366–378. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1918616
- Spitzer, C., Barnow, S., Freyberger, H. J., & Grabe, H. J. (2007). Dissociation predicts symptom-related treatment outcome in short-term inpatient psychotherapy. Aust N Z J Psychiatry, 41(8), 682–687. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17620165
- Spitzer, R. L., Williams, J. B., Gibbon, M., & First, M. B. (1992). The structured clinical interview for DSM-III-R (SCID). I: History, rationale, and description. Archives of General Psychiatry, 49(8), 624–629. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1637252
- Waller, N., Putnam, F. W., & Carlson, E. B. (1996). Types of dissociation and dissociative types: A taxometric analysis of dissociative experiences. Psychological Methods, 1(3), 300–321. doi:10.1037/1082-989X.1.3.300
- Zanarini, M. C., & Frankenburg, F. R. (2001). Attainment and maintenance of reliability of axis I and II disorders over the course of a longitudinal study. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 42(5), 369–374. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11559863
- Zanarini, M. C., Frankenburg, F. R., Bradford Reich, D., Harned, A. L., & Fitzmaurice, G. M. (2015). Rates of psychotropic medication use reported by borderline patients and axis II comparison subjects over 16 years of prospective follow-up. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 35(1), 63–67. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25384261
- Zanarini, M. C., Frankenburg, F. R., Chauncey, D. L., & Gunderson, J. G. (1987). The diagnostic interview for personality disorders: Interrater and test-retest reliability. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 28(6), 467–480. doi:10.1016/0010-440X(87)90012-5
- Zanarini, M. C., Frankenburg, F. R., & Fitzmaurice, G. (2013). Defense mechanisms reported by patients with borderline personality disorder and axis II comparison subjects over 16 years of prospective follow-up: Description and prediction of recovery. American Journal of Psychiatry, 170(1), 111–120. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23223866
- Zanarini, M. C., Frankenburg, F. R., Hennen, J., Reich, D. B., & Silk, K. R. (2005). Psychosocial functioning of borderline patients and axis II comparison subjects followed prospectively for six years. Journal of Personality Disorders, 19(1), 19–29. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15899718
- Zanarini, M. C., Frankenburg, F. R., Hennen, J., & Silk, K. R. (2003). The longitudinal course of borderline psychopathology: 6-year prospective follow-up of the phenomenology of borderline personality disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 160(2), 274–283. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12562573
- Zanarini, M. C., Frankenburg, F. R., Hennen, J., & Silk, K. R. (2004). Mental health service utilization by borderline personality disorder patients and Axis II comparison subjects followed prospectively for 6 years. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 65(1), 28–36. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14744165
- Zanarini, M. C., Frankenburg, F. R., Jager-Hyman, S., Reich, D. B., & Fitzmaurice, G. (2008). The course of dissociation for patients with borderline personality disorder and axis II comparison subjects: A 10-year follow-up study. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 118(4), 291–296. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18759803
- Zanarini, M. C., Frankenburg, F. R., Reich, D. B., & Fitzmaurice, G. (2010). Time to attainment of recovery from borderline personality disorder and stability of recovery: A 10-year prospective follow-up study. American Journal of Psychiatry, 167(6), 663–667. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20395399
- Zanarini, M. C., Frankenburg, F. R., Reich, D. B., & Fitzmaurice, G. (2012). Attainment and stability of sustained symptomatic remission and recovery among patients with borderline personality disorder and axis II comparison subjects: A 16-year prospective follow-up study. American Journal of Psychiatry, 169(5), 476–483. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22737693
- Zanarini, M. C., Frankenburg, F. R., & Vujanovic, A. A. (2002). Inter-rater and test-retest reliability of the revised diagnostic interview for borderlines. Journal of Personality Disorders, 16(3), 270–276. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12136682
- Zanarini, M. C., Gunderson, J. G., Frankenburg, F. R., & Chauncey, D. L. (1989). The revised diagnostic interview for borderlines: Discriminating BPD from other Axis II disorders. Journal of Personality Disorders, 3(1), 10–18. doi:10.1521/pedi.1989.3.1.10
- Zanarini, M. C., Ruser, T., Frankenburg, F. R., & Hennen, J. (2000). The dissociative experiences of borderline patients. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 41(3), 223–227. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10834632
- Zanarini, M. C., Ruser, T. F., Frankenburg, F. R., Hennen, J., & Gunderson, J. G. (2000). Risk factors associated with the dissociative experiences of borderline patients. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 188(1), 26–30. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10665457
- Zanarini, M. C., Sickel, A. E., Yong, L., & Glazer, L. J. (1994). Revised borderline follow-up interview. Belmont, MA: McLean Hospital.