Factors influencing student satisfaction and intention to stay in the hospitality and tourism program

References

• Ackerman, R., & Schibrowsky, J. (2007). A business marketing strategy applied to student retention: A higher education initiative. Journal of College Student Retention, 9(3), 307–336. https://doi.org/10.2190/CS.9.3.d
   Google Scholar
• Aljohani, O. (2016). A Comprehensive review of the major studies and theoretical models of student retention in higher education. Higher Education Studies, 6(2), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.5539/hes.v6n2p1
   Google Scholar
• Alsubaie, M. A. (2016). Curriculum development: Teacher involvement in curriculum development. Journal of Education and Practice, 7(9), 106–107. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1095725.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Arbaugh, J. B. (2001). How instructor immediacy behavior affect student satisfaction and learning in web-based courses. Business Administration Quarterly, 64(4), 42–54. doi:10.1177/108056990106400405.
   Google Scholar
• Arizzi, G., Breitenreiter, J., Khalsa, R., Lyer, R., Babin, L. A., & Griffin, M. (2020). Modelling business student satisfaction: Utilitarian value and hedonic value as drivers of satisfaction. Marketing Education Review, 30(4), 196–207. https://doi.org/10.1080/10528008.2020.1822186
   Google Scholar
• Asatryan, V. S., Slevitch, L., Larzelere, R., Morosan, C., & Kwun, D. (2013). Effects of psychological ownership on students’ commitment and satisfaction. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Education, 25(4), 169–179. https://doi.org/10.1080/10963758.2013.850294
   Google Scholar
• Astin, A. W. (1977). Four critical years. Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Astin, A. W. (1993). What matters in college: Four critical years revisited. CA: Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Astin, A. W., & Scherrei, R. A. (1980). Maximizing leadership effectiveness: Impact of administrative style on faculty and students. Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundation of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. Freeman.
   Google Scholar
• Barr, A., & Turner, S. E. (2013). Expanding enrollments and contracting state budgets: The effect of the great recession on higher education. Annals AAPSS, 650(1), 168–193. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716213500035
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bean, J. P. (1980). Dropouts and turnover: The synthesis and test of a causal model of student attrition. Research in Higher Education, 12(2), 155–187. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00976194
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bean, J. P. (1982). Student attrition, intentions and confidence: Interactions effects in a path model. Research in Higher Education, 17(4), 291–319. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00977899
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bean, J., & Eaton, S. B. (2001). The psychology underlying successful retention practices. Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory and Practice, 3(1), 73–89. https://doi.org/10.2190/6R55-4B30-28XG-L8U0
   Google Scholar
• Bean, J. P., & Metzner, B. S. (1985). A conceptual model of nontraditional undergraduate student attrition. Review of Educational Research, 55(4), 485–540. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543055004485
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berger, J., & Braxton, J. (1998). Revising Tinto’s interactionalist theory of student departure through theory elaboration: Examining the role of organizational attributes in the persistence process. Research in Higher Education, 39(2), 103–119. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018760513769
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Binnawas, M. S. H., Khalifa, G. S., & Bhaumik, A. (2020). Antecedents of student’s behavioral intentions in higher education institutions. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 24(3), 1949–1962. https://doi.org/10.37200/IJPR/V24I3/PR200942
   Google Scholar
• Braxton, J. M., Sullivan, A. S., & Johnson, R. (1997). Appraising Tinto’s theory of college student departure. In J.C. Smart (Ed.), Higher education: Handbook of theory and research (Vol. 12, pp. 107–158). Agathon.
   Google Scholar
• Breiter, D. (1993). Strategies for the retention of undergraduate hospitality students. Hospitality & Tourism Educator, 5(4), 71–78.
   Google Scholar
• Cabrera, A., Nora, A., & Castaneda, M. (1993). College persistence: Structural equations modeling test of an integrated model of student retention. The Journal of Higher Education, 64(2), 123–139. doi:10.1080/00221546.1993.11778419.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carey, M. G. (2016). Predictors of student satisfaction in online and in-seat programs: An empirical study of student retention in higher education ( Publication No. 10240104) [ Doctoral dissertation, Northcentral University]. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Chau, S., & Cheung, C. (2018). Academic satisfaction with hospitality and tourism education in Macao: The influence of active learning, academic motivation, and student engagement. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 38(4), 473–487. https://doi.org/10.1080/02188791.2018.1500350
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi, A. N., Curran, G. M., Morris, E. J., Salem, A. M., Curry, B. D., & Flowers, S. K. (2019). Pharmacy students’ lived experiences of academic difficulty and Tinto’s theory of student departure.American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 83(10), 7447. Article 7447. https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe7447
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Clark, H. D., Murdock, N. L., & Koetting, K. (2009). Predicting burnout and career choice satisfaction in counseling psychology graduate students. The Counseling Psychologist, 37(4), 580–606. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000008319985
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cofer, J., & Summers, P. (2000). Within-year persistence of students at two-year colleges. Community College Journal of Research and Practice, 24(10), 785–807. https://doi.org/10.1080/10668920050179808
   Google Scholar
• College Tuition Compare (2020) 2020 Tuition, fees, and college costs by state. https://www.collegetuitioncompare.com/state/
   Google Scholar
• Connecticut Department of Education (2006). A guide to curriculum development: Purposes, practices, procedures. Retrieved from https://portal.ct.gov/-/media/SDE/Health-Education/curguide_generic.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Cunningham, K. E., & Smothers, A. W. (2010). The effect of self-efficacy and psychosocial development on major-changing behavior. NACADA Journal, 30(2), 65–71. https://doi.org/10.12930/0271-9517-30.2.65
   Google Scholar
• Dado, J., Taborecka-Petrovicova, J., Cuzovic, S., & Rajic, T. (2012). An empirical examination of the relationships between service quality, satisfaction and behavioral intentions in higher education setting. Serbian Journal of Management, 7(2), 203–218. https://doi.org/10.5937/sjm7-1245
   Google Scholar
• Davidson, W. B., Beck, H. P., & Milligan, M. (2009). The college persistence questionnaire: Development and validation of an instrument that predicts student attrition. Journal of College Student Development, 50(4), 379–390. https://doi.org/10.1353/csd.0.0079
   Google Scholar
• Dawson, M. (2020). What do our hospitality students want? an examination of written comments from teaching evaluations. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Education, 32(3), 186–192.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Day, W. J. (2004). Retention efforts for first-year hospitality students at a career-focused institution ( Publication No. 3165987) [ Doctoral dissertation, University of Connecticut]. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• De Gieter, S., Hofmans, J., & Pepermans, R. (2011). Revising the impact of job satisfaction and organizational commitment on nurse turnover intention: An individual differences analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 48(12), 1562–1569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2011.06.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Denice, P. A. (2021). Choosing and changing course: Postsecondary students and the process of selecting a major field of study. Sociological Perspectives, 64(1), 82–108. https://doi.org/10.1177/0731121420921903
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeShields, O. W., Kara, A., & Kaynak, E. (2005). Determinants of business student satisfaction and retention in higher education: Applying Herzberg’s two‐factor theory. International Journal of Educational Management, 19(2), 128–139. doi:10.1108/09513540510582426.
   Google Scholar
• Elliott, K. M., & Shin, D. (2002). Student satisfaction: An alternative approach to assessing this important concept. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 24(2), 197–209. https://doi.org/10.1080/1360080022000013518
   Google Scholar
• Federal Reserve Bank (2019). Real median household income in the United States. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/MEHOINUSA672N
   Google Scholar
• Fike, D. S., & Fike, R. (2008). Predictors of first-year student retention in the community college. Community College Review, 36(2), 68–88. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091552108320222
   Google Scholar
• Fraser, S. P., & Bosanquet, A. M. (2006). The curriculum? That’s just a unit outline, isn’t it? Studies in Higher Education, 31(3), 269–284. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075070600680521
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• French, B. F., Immekus, J. C., & Oakes, W. C. (2005). An examination of indicators of engineering students’ success and persistence. Journal of Engineering Education, 94(4), 419–425. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2168-9830.2005.tb00869.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friedman, B. A., & Mandel, R. G. (2009). The prediction of college student academic performance and retention: Application of expectancy and goal setting theories. Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice, 11(2), 227–246. https://doi.org/10.2190/CS.11.2.d
   Google Scholar
• Fririksdottir, K. (2018). The impact on different modalities on student retention and overall engagement patterns in open online courses. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 31(1–2), 53–71. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2017.1381129
   Google Scholar
• Garcia-Ros, R., Perez-Gonzalez, F., Cavas-Martinez, F., & Tomas, J. M. (2019). Effects of pre-college variables and first-year engineering students’ experiences on academic achievement and retention: A structural model. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 29(4), 915–928. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10798-018-9466-z
   Google Scholar
• Glynn, S. M., Brickman, P., Armstrong, N., & Taasoobshirazi, G. (2011). Science motivation questionnaire II: Validation with science majors and nonscience majors. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 48(10), 1159–1176. https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.20442
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gorinski, R., & Abernethy, G. (2007). Maori student retention and success: Curriculum, pedagogy and relationships. In T. Townsend & R. Bates (Eds.), Handbook of Teacher Education. Springer. (pp. 229–240).
   Google Scholar
• Hackman, J. R., & Dysinger, W. (1970). Commitment to college as a factor in student attrition. Sociology of Education, 43(3), 311–324. https://doi.org/10.2307/2112069
   Google Scholar
• Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L., & Black, W. C. (2009). Multivariate data analysis. Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Hatcher, L., Kryter, K., Prus, J. S., & Fitzgerald, V. (1992). Predicting college student satisfaction, commitment, and attrition from investment model constructs. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 22(16), 1273–1296. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1992.tb00950.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heo, C. Y., & Lee, S. (2016). Examination of student loyalty in tourism and hospitality programs: A comparison between the United States and Hong Kong. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism Education, 18(June), 69–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2016.03.003
   Google Scholar
• Herzog, S. (2005). Measuring determinants of student return vs. dropout/stopout vs. transfer: A first-to-second year analysis of new freshmen. Research in Higher Education, 46(8), 883–928. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11162-005-6933-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hutchinson, J., Lai, F., & Wang, Y. (2009). Understanding the relationships of quality, value, equity, satisfaction, and behavioral intentions among golf travelers. Tourism Management, 30(2), 298–308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2008.07.010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson, L. C., Jones, S. J., & Rodriguez, R. C. (2010). Faculty actions that result in student satisfaction in online courses. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 14(4), 78–96. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ909918.
   Google Scholar
• Jain, R., Shanahan, B., & Roe, C. (2009). Broadening the appeal of engineering- Addressing factors contributing to low appeal and high attrition. International Journal of Engineering Education, 25(3), 405–418.
   Google Scholar
• Johnson, D. (2005). Predicting college students who change majors: reasons and motivation of major changes ( Publication No. 3178898) [ Doctoral dissertation, University of Idaho]. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Kerby, M. B. (2015). Toward a new predictive model of student retention in higher education: An application of classical sociological theory. Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice, 17(2), 138–161.
   Google Scholar
• Kramer, G. L. (1994). Changes in Academic Major among Undergraduate Students. College and University, 69(2), 88–96. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ481665.
   Google Scholar
• Kuh, G. D., Kinzie, J., Schuh, J. H., & Whitt, E. J. (2005). Student success in college: Creating conditions that matter. Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Kuh, G. D., Schuh, J. S., Whitt, E. J., & Associates. (1991). Involving colleges: Successful approaches to fostering student learning and personal development outside the. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Lang, M. (2001). Student retention in higher education: Some conceptual and programmatic perspectives. Journal of College Student Retention, 3(3), 217–229. https://doi.org/10.2190/L0RL-328M-4VVG-WKUB
   Google Scholar
• Lassibille, G. (2011). Student progress in higher education: What we have learned from large-scale studies. The Open Education Journal, 4(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874920801104010001
   Google Scholar
• Lawson, A. E., Banks, D. L., & Logvin, M. (2007). Self-efficacy, reasoning ability, and achievement in college biology. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 44(5), 706–724. https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.20172
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lazibat, T., Bakovic, T., & Duzevic, I. (2014). How perceived service quality influences students’ satisfaction? Teachers’ and students’ perspectives. Total Quality Management and Business Excellence, 25(7–8), 923–934. https://doi.org/10.1080/14783363.2014.916036
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levine, A. (1989). Who are today’s freshmen? In M.L. Upcraft, J.N. Gardner, & Associates (Eds.), The freshman year experience: Helping students survive and succeed in college (pp. 15–24). CA: Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Lindheimer, J. B. (2011). The college persistence questionnaire: Developing scales to assess student retention and institutional effectiveness [ Unpublished master’s thesis]. Appalachian State University.
   Google Scholar
• Lugosi, P., & Jameson, S. (2017). Challenges in hospitality management education: Perspectives from the United Kingdom. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 31(June), 163–172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2016.12.001
   Google Scholar
• Martin, H. (2020, March 17). Coronavirus fallout: Hotels seeks $150 billion as layoffs start. Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2020-03-17/coronavirus-forces-marriott-to-furlough-workers-other-hotels-close
   Google Scholar
• McDowell, C., Werner, L., Bullock, H. E., & Fernald, J. (2006). Pair programming improves student retention, confidence, and program quality. Communications of the ACM, 49(8), 90–95. https://doi.org/10.1145/1145287.1145293
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Metrejean, C., Pittman, J., & Zarzeski, M. T. (2002). Guest speakers: Reflections on the role of accountants in the classroom. Accounting Education, 11(4), 347–364. https://doi.org/10.1080/0963928021000031466
   Google Scholar
• Micceri, T. (2001). Change your major and double your graduation chances. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the association for institutional research, June. 2001, Long Beach, CA (Association for Institutional Research)
   Google Scholar
• Mittal, V., Kumar, P., & Tsiros, M. (1999). Attribute-level performance, satisfaction, and behavioral intentions over time: A consumption-system approach. Journal of Marketing, 63(2), 88–101. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299906300206
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muller, T. (2008). Persistence of women in online degree completion programs. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 9(2), 2–18. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v9i2.455
   Google Scholar
• Mustaffa, W. S. W., Ali, M. H., Bing, K. W., & Rahman, R. A. (2016). Investigating the relationship among service quality, emotional satisfaction and favorable behavioral intentions in higher education service experience. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 224(June), 499–507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.05.426
   Google Scholar
• Noor, A., Zainuddin, Y., Panigrahi, S. K., & Rahim, F. T. (2020). Investigating the relationship among fit organization, organization commitment, and employee’s intention to stay: Malaysian context. Global Business Review, 21(1), 68–87. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150918755896
   Google Scholar
• Oliver, R. L. (1981). Measurement and evaluation of satisfaction processes in retail settings. Journal of Retailing, 57(3), 25–48.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pascarella, E. T. (1980). Student-faculty informal contact and college outcomes. Review of Educational Research, 50(4), 545–595. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543050004545
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pascarella, E. T., & Terenzini, P. T. (1991). How college affects students. CA: Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Pascarella, E. T., & Terenzini, P. T. (2005). How college affects students: A third decade. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Phelan, K. V., & Mejia, C. (2015). What they expect and why we should care: Students’ perspectives on hospitality faculty industry experience. Journal of Teaching in Travel and Tourism, 15(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/15313220.2014.999740
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Powell, F., & Kerr, E. (2020). See the average college tuition in 2020-2021. US News. https://www.usnews.com/education/best-colleges/paying-for-college/articles/paying-for-college-infographic
   Google Scholar
• Rahimizhian, S., Avci, T., & Eluwole, K. K. (2020). A conceptual model development of the impact of higher education service quality in guaranteeing edu‐tourists’ satisfaction and behavioral intentions. Journal of Public Affairs, 20(3), e2085. https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2085
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rickes, P. C. (2009). Make way for millennials! How today’s students are shaping higher education space. Planning for Higher Education, 37(2), 7–17.
   Google Scholar
• Rizkallah, E. G., & Seitz, V. (2017). Understanding student motivation: A key to retention in higher education. Scientific Annals of Economics and Business, 64(1), 45–57. https://doi.org/10.1515/saeb-2017-0004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts, J. & Styron, R., Jr. (2010). Student satisfaction and persistence: Factors vital to student retention. Research in Higher Education Journal, 6(3), 1–18. http://www.aabri.com/manuscripts/09321.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Roblyer, M. D., & Ekhaml, L. (2000). How interactive are your distance courses? A rubric for assessing interaction in distance learning [Electronic Version]. Online Journal of Distance Learning Administration, 3(2), Available.http://www.westga.edu/%7Edistance/roblyer32.html.
   Google Scholar
• Rossini, S., Bulfone, G., Vellone, E., & Alvaro, R. (2021). Nursing students’ satisfaction with the curriculum: An integrative review. Journal of Professional Nursing, 37(3), 648–661. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2021.02.003
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schuller, M. C., DaRosa, D. A., & Crandall, M. L. (2015). Using just-in-time teaching and peer instruction in a residency program’s core curriculum: Enhancing satisfaction, engagement, and retention. Academic Medicine, 90(3), 384–391. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000000578
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Severiens, S. E., & Schmidt, H. G. (2009). Academic and social integration and study progress in problem based learning. Higher Education, 58(1), 59–69. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-008-9181-x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seymour, L. F., & Serumola, T. (2016). Events that lead university students to change their major to Information Systems: A retroductive South African case. South African Computer Journal, 28(1), 18–43. https://doi.org/10.18489/sacj.v28i1.367
   Google Scholar
• Shea, P. J., Fredericksen, E. E., Pickett, A. M., & Pelz, W. E. (2004). Faculty development, student satisfaction, and reported learning in the SUNY learning network. In Duffy, T. M., and Kirkley, J. R. (eds.), Learner-centered Theory and Practice in Distance Education: Cases from Higher Education (Routledge), 343–377. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781410609489.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, E. M., & Beggs, B. J. (2003). A new paradigm for maximizing student retention in higher education. IEE engineering education conference, January.
   Google Scholar
• Solberg Nes, L., Evans, D. R., & Segerstrom, S. C. (2009). Optimism and college retention: Mediation by motivation, performance, and adjustment. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 39(8), 1887–1912. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2009.00508.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spady, W. (1970). Dropouts from higher education: An interdisciplinary review and synthesis. Interchange, 1(1), 64–85. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02214313
   Google Scholar
• Spady, W. (1971). Dropouts from higher education: Toward an empirical model. Interchange, 2(3), 38–62. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02282469
   Google Scholar
• Stearns, J. A., & Stearns, M. A. (2000). Graduate medical education for rural physicians: Curriculum and retention. The Journal of Rural Health, 16(3), 273–277. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-0361.2000.tb00472.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tews, M. J., & Van Hoof, H. B. (2011). In favor of hospitality-management education. Hospitality Review, 29 (2). Article 8. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1497&context=hospitalityreview.
   Google Scholar
• Tian-Cole, S., Crompton, J. L., & Willson, V. L. (2002). An empirical investigation of the relationships between service quality, satisfaction and behavioral intentions among visitors to a wildlife refuge. Journal of Leisure Research, 34(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2002.11949957
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tierney, W. G. (1999). Models of minority college-going and retention: Cultural integrity versus cultural suicide. Journal of Education, 68(1), 80–91. https://doi.org/10.2307/2668211.
   Google Scholar
• Tinto, V. (1975). Dropout from higher education: A theoretical synthesis of recent research. Review of Educational Research, 45(1), 89–125. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543045001089
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tinto, V. (1987). Leaving College: Rethinking the Causes and Cures of Student Attrition. University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Tinto, V. (1993). Leaving college: Rethinking the causes and cures of student attrition (2nd ed.). University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Tinto, V. (2000). Linking learning and leaving: Exploring the role of the college classroom in student departure. In J. Braxton (Ed.), Reworking the student departure puzzle (pp. 81–95). TN: Vanderbilt University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Tompkins, K. A., Brecht, K., Tucker, B., Neander, L. L., & Swift, J. K. (2016). Who matters most? The contribution of faculty, student-peers, and outside support in predicting graduate student satisfaction. Training and Education in Professional Psychology, 10(2), 102. https://doi.org/10.1037/tep0000115
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toombs, W., & Tierney, W. (1993). Curriculum definitions and reference points. Journal of Curriculum and Supervision, 8(3), 175–195.
   Google Scholar
• Trahan, C. M., & Swindle, B. (1988). A good accounting instructor: A student perspective. Journal of Education for Business, 63(5), 216–219.
   Google Scholar
• Tuma, L. A., & Sisson, L. G. (2019). Becoming an engaged department: Scaffolding community-based learning into the hospitality and tourism management curriculum. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Education, 31(3), 173–182. https://doi.org/10.1080/10963758.2018.1487783
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner, P., & Thompson, E. (2014). College retention initiatives meeting the needs of millennial freshman students. College Student Journal, 48(1), 94–104. https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/prin/csj/2014/00000048/00000001/art00009.
   Google Scholar
• Tuttle, K. N. (2000). Academic advising. New Directions for Higher Education, 111(111), 15–24. https://doi.org/10.1002/he.11102
   Google Scholar
• Umbach, P. D., & Wawrzynski, M. R. (2005). Faculty do matter: The role of college faculty in student learning and engagement. Research in Higher Education, 46(2), 153–184. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11162-004-1598-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Veilleux, J. C., January, A. M., VanderVeen, J. W., Reddy, L. F., & Klonoff, E. A. (2012). Perceptions of climate in clinical psychology doctoral programs: Development and initial validation of the graduate program climate scale. Training and Education in Professional Psychology, 6(4), 211–219. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030303
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walsh, K., Chang, S., & Tse, E. C. (2015). Understanding students’ intentions to join the hospitality industry: The role of emotional intelligence, service orientation, and industry satisfaction. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 56(4), 369–382. https://doi.org/10.1177/1938965514552475
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitten, S. (2020, September 29). Disney to lay off 28,000 employees as coronavirus slams its theme park business. CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/2020/09/29/disney-to-layoff-28000-employees-as-coronavirus-slams-theme-park-business.html
   Google Scholar
• Williams, P., & Soutar, G. N. (2009). Value, satisfaction and behavioral intentions in an adventure tourism context. Annals of Tourism Research, 36(3), 413–438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2009.02.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeithaml, V. A., Berry, L. L., & Parasuraman, A. (1996). The behavioral consequences of service quality. Journal of Marketing, 60(2), 31–46. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299606000203
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhong, Y., Busser, J., Shapoval, V., & Murphy, K. (2021). Hospitality and tourism student engagement and hope during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Education, 33(3), 194–206. https://doi.org/10.1080/10963758.2021.1907197
   Google Scholar