References
- Yonggang, Z.; Ping, J. Investigation on the Mass Graves Found in House Foundations at the Hamin Mangha Site, Inner Mongolia: Exploration and Reflection on Prehistoric Catastrophic Events. Archaeol. Cult. Relic. 2016, 5, 5.
- Harper, K. Pandemics and Passages to Late Antiquity: Rethinking the Plague of C. 249–270 Described by Cyprian. J. Roman Archaeol. 2015, 28, 223–260. Doi:https://doi.org/10.1017/S1047759415002470.
- Littman, R. J. The Plague of Athens: Epidemiology and Paleopathology. Mount Sinai J. Med. 2009, 76(5), 456–467. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/msj.20137.
- Yan, J.; Chen, H.; Lin, G.; Li, Q.; Chen, J.; Qin, W.; Zhang, T.; Zhang, T. Genetic Evidence for Subspecies Differentiation of the Himalayan Marmot, Marmota Himalayana, in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. PloS One. 2017, 12(8), e0183375. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0183375.
- Borodii, N. K. The History of the Plague Epidemic in the Ukraine in 1770-74. Sov. Stud. Hist. 1987, 25(4), 33–43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2753/RSH1061-1983250433.
- Drancourt, M.; Raoult, D. Molecular Insights into the History of Plague. Microbe Infect. 2002, 4(1), 105–109. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1286-4579(01)01515-5.
- Patterson, K. D. Yellow Fever Epidemics and Mortality in the United States, 1693-1905. Social Sci. Med. 1992, 34(8), 855–865. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(92)90255-O.
- Gottfredsson, M. The Spanish Flu in Iceland 1918. Lessons in Medicine and History. Laeknabladid. 2008, 94(11), 737–745.
- Lavinder CH, Freeman AW, Frost WH. Epidemiological studies of poliomyelitis in New York City and North Eastern United States during the year 1916. Public Health Bulletin. 1918, 91, 35.
- Taubenberger, J. K.; Morens, D. M. The Pathology of Influenza Virus Infections. Ann. Rev. Pathol. Mech. Dis. 2008, 3, 499–522. Doi:https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pathmechdis.3.121806.154316.
- Vincent, A.; Awada, L.; Brown, I.; Chen, H.; Claes, F.; Dauphin, G.; Mumford, E. Review of Influenza A Virus in Swine Worldwide: A Call for Increased Surveillance and Research. Zoonoses Public Health. 2014, 61(1), 4–17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/zph.12049.
- Jilani, T. N.; Jamil, R. T.; Siddiqui, A. H. H1N1 Influenza; In StatPearls (Internet). Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, 2021.
- Cascella, M.; Rajnik, M.; Aleem, A.; Cuomo, A.; Dulebohn, S. C.; Di Napoli, R. Features, Evaluation and Treatment Coronavirus (COVID-19). In StatPearls (Internet). Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. 2021
- Yao, Z.; Zheng, Z.; Wu, K.; Junhua, Z. Immune Environment Modulation in Pneumonia Patients Caused by Coronavirus: SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. Aging. 2020, 12(9), 7639. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.103101.
- WHO, 2020a. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (Mers-cov). (http://www.who.int/emergencies/mers-cov/en/).
- Coronaviridae. MacLachlan, N. J., Dubovi, E. J. Eds., Fenner’s Veterinary Virology. 2017, 435-461.
- Weiss, S. R.; Leibowitz, J. L. Coronavirus Pathogenesis. Adv. Virus Res. 2011, 81, 85–164.
- Han, Q.; Lin, Q.; Jin, S.; You, L. Coronavirus 2019-nCoV: A Brief Perspective from the Front Line. J. Infect. 2020, 80(4), 373-377. S0163-4453(20)30087–6.
- Coronaviruses: SARS, MERS, and 2019-nCoV. Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security (CHS), Centerforhealthsecurity.org. 2020.
- Zaki, A. M.; Van Boheemen, S.; Bestebroer, T. M.; Osterhaus, A. D. M. E.; Fouchier, R. A. M. Isolation of a Novel Coronavirus from a Man with Pneumonia in Saudi Arabia. N. Engl. J. Med. 2012, 367, 1814–1820. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1211721.
- Cauchemez, S.; Van Kerkhove, M. D.; Riley, S.; Donnelly, C. A.; Fraser, C.; Ferguson, N. M. Transmission Scenarios for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (Mers?cov) and How to Tell Them Apart. Euro Surveill. 2013, 18(24), 20503. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2807/ese.18.24.20503-en.
- Cui, J.; Li, F.; Shi, Z. L. Origin and Evolution of Pathogenic Coronaviruses. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2019, 17(3), 181–192. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-018-0118-9.
- WHO, 2020b. Coronavirus (https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus).
- Fehr, A. R.; Perlman, S. Coronaviruses: An Overview of Their Replication and Pathogenesis. Methods Mol. Biol. 2015, 1282, 1–23.
- Su, S.; Wong, G.; Shi, W.; Liu, J.; Lai, A. C. K.; Zhou, J.; Liu, W.; Bi, Y.; Gao, G. F. Epidemiology, Genetic Recombination, and Pathogenesis of Coronaviruses. Trends Microbiol. 2016, 24(6), 490–502.
- Li, G.; Fan, Y.; Lai, Y.; Han, T.; Li, Z.; Zhou, P.; Pan, P.; Wang, W.; Hu, D.; Liu, X. et al. Coronavirus Infections and Immune Responses. J. Med. Virol. 2020, 92, 424–432. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25685.
- Channappanavar, R.; Perlman, S. Pathogenic Human Coronavirus Infections: Causes and Consequences of Cytokine Storm and Immunopathology. Semin Immunopathol. 2017, 39, 529–539.
- Fung, T. S.; Liu, D. X. Human Coronavirus: Host-Pathogen Interaction. Ann. Rev. Microbiol. 2019, 73, 529–557. Doi:https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-micro-020518-115759.
- Zhu, N.; Zhang, D.; Wang, W.; Li, X.; Yang, B.; Song, J.; Zhao, X.; Huang, B.; Shi, W.; Lu, R. A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019. N. Engl. J. Med. 2020, 382(8), 727–733.
- Chen, Y.; Liu, Q.; Guo, D. Emerging Coronaviruses: Genome Structure, Replication, and Pathogenesis. J. Med. Virol. 2020, 92(4), 418–423. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25681.
- USA Today. 2020. China and Its Exotic-animal Wet Markets are Incubators of Human Diseases like Coronavirus. https://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/2020/04/08/coronavirus-chinese-wet-markets-incubators-human-sickness-column/2957755001/
- Ying, T.; Wang, K.; Liu, X.; Wen, J.; Goh, E. Rethinking Game Consumption in Tourism: A Case of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Outbreak in China. Tourism Recreation Res. 2021, 46(2), 304-309. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2020.1743048.
- Anser, M. K.; Yousaf, Z.; Khan, M. A.; Sheikh, A. Z.; Nassani, A. A.; Abro, M. M. Q.; Zaman, K. Communicable Diseases (Including COVID-19)-Induced Global Depression: Caused by Inadequate Healthcare Expenditures, Population Density, and Mass Panic. Front. Public Health. 2020, 8, 398. Doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00398.
- The Hindu. 2020. Analysis. How pandemics have changed the world https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/analysis-how-pandemics-have-changed-the-world/article31345176.ece
- Tang, B.; Xia, F.; Tang, S.; Bragazzi, N. L.; Li, Q.; Sun, X.; Wu, J. The Effectiveness of Quarantine and Isolation Determine the Trend of the COVID-19 Epidemics in the Final Phase of the Current Outbreak in China. Int. J. Infect. Dis. 2020 95, 288-293. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.018.
- Forni, D.; Cagliani, R.; Clerici, M.; Sironi, M. Molecular Evolution of Human Coronavirus Genomes. Trend Microbiol. 2017, 25(1), 35–48. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2016.09.001.
- Yao, Z.; Zheng, Z.; Wu, K.; Junhua, Z. Immune Environment Modulation in Pneumonia Patients Caused by Coronavirus: SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. Aging (Albany NY). 2020, 12(9), 7639.
- Roncati, L.; Palmieri, B. What about the Original Antigenic Sin of the Humans versus SARS-CoV-2? Med. Hypotheses. 2020, 142, 109824. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109824.
- Lu, R.; Zhao, X.; Li, J.; Niu, P.; Yang, B.; Wu, H.; Bi, Y.; Song, H.; Huang, B.; Zhu, N. Genomic Characterisation and Epidemiology of 2019 Novel Coronavirus: Implications for Virus Origins and Receptor Binding. Lancet. 2020, 395(10224), 565–574. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30251-8.
- Sahin, A. R.; Erdogan, A.; Agaoglu, P. M.; Dineri, Y.; Cakirci, A. Y.; Senel, M. E.; Tasdogan, A. M. 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak: A Review of the Current Literature. EJMO. 2020, 4(1), 1–7.
- The Hindu. 2020. Coronavirus. Urban slum population most vulnerable to COVID-19 spread: ICMR. https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/union-health-ministry-and-indian-council-medical-research-press-conference-in-new-delhi-on-june-11-2020/article31804894.ece.
- Sanyaolu, A.; Okorie, C.; Marinkovic, A.; Patidar, R.; Younis, K.; Desai, P.; Altaf, M. Comorbidity and Its Impact on Patients with COVID-19. SN Comp. Clin. Med. 2020, 1–8. epub ahead of print.DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s42399-020-00363-4.
- De Pablo, G. S.; Serrano, J. V.; Catalan, A.; Arango, C.; Moreno, C.; Ferre, F.; Fusar-Poli, P. Impact of Coronavirus Syndromes on Physical and Mental Health of Health Care Workers: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Affective Disord. 2020, 275, 48-57. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.06.022.
- Republicworld.com. 2020. United Nations Recognises COVID-19 As One Of The Greatest Challenges In Its History. https://www.republicworld.com/world-news/rest-of-the-world-news/united-nations-recognises-covid-19-as-one-of-the-greatest-challenges.html.
- The Hindu. Business Line. 2020. 91% of Student Population Affected by Covid-19: Report. https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/91-of-student-population-affected-by-covid-19-report/article32064033.ece.
- Shah, J. N.; Shah, J.; Shah, J. N. Quarantine, Isolation and Lockdown: In Context of COVID-19. J. Patan Acad. Health Sci. 2020, 7(1), 48–57. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3126/jpahs.v7i1.28863.