A trauma-informed social work framework for the abortion seeking experience

References

• Abrams, P. (2015). The bad mother: Stigma, abortion and surrogacy. The Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics, 43(2), 179–191. doi:10.1111/jlme.12231
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aiken, A. R. A., & Scott, J. G. (2016). Family planning policy in the United States: The converging politics of abortion and contraception. Contraception, 93(5), 412–420. doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2016.01.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Academy of Social Work and Social Welfare. (2017). Grand challenges for social work. Retrieved from http://aaswsw.org/grand-challenges-initiative/
   Google Scholar
• Arnold, S. B. (2014). Reproductive rights denied: The Hyde amendment and access to abortion for Native American women using Indian Health Service facilities. American Journal of Public Health, 104(10), 1892–1893. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302084
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Astbury-Ward, E., Parry, O., & Carnwell, R. (2012). Stigma, abortion and disclosure: Findings from a qualitative study. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 9(12), 3137–3147. doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02604.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Begun, S. Bird, M., Winter, V. R., Combs, K. M., & McKay, K. (2016). Correlates of social work students’ abortion knowledge and attitudes: Implications for education and research. Social Work in Public Health, 31(4), 276–287. doi:10.1080/19371918.2015.1137510
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biggs, M. A., Upadhyay, U. D., McCulloch, C. E., & Foster, D. G. (2017). Women’s mental health and well-being 5 years after receiving or being denied an abortion: A prospective, longitudinal cohort study. JAMA Psychiatry, 74(2), 169–178. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.3478
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biggs, M. A., Upadhyay, U. D., Steinberg, J. R., & Foster, D. G. (2014). Does abortion reduce self-esteem and life satisfaction? Quality of Life Research, 23(9), 2505–2513. doi:10.1007/s11136-014-0687-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bombay, A., Matheson, K., & Anisman, H. (2009). Intergenerational trauma: Convergence of multiple processes among First Nations people in Canada. Journal of Aboriginal Health, 5(3), 6–47.
   Google Scholar
• Bommaraju, A., Kavanaugh, M. L., Hou, M. Y., & Bessett, D. (2016). Situating stigma in stratified reproduction: Abortion stigma and miscarriage as barriers to reproductive health care. Sexual & Reproductive Health Care, 10, 62–69. doi:10.1016/j.srhc.2016.10.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bowen, E., & Murshid, N. S. (2016). Trauma-informed social policy: A conceptual framework for policy analysis and advocacy. American Journal of Public Health, 106(2), 223–229. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2015.302970
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• British Association of Social Workers. (2014). Code of ethics for social work: Statement of principles. Retrieved from http://cdn.basw.co.uk/upload/basw_95243-9.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Brown, R. W., Jewell, R. T., & Rous, J. J. (2001). Provider availability, race and abortion demand. Southern Economic Journal, 67(3), 656–671. 10.2307/1061456
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bryant, A. G., & Levi, E. E. (2012). Abortion misinformation from crisis pregnancy centers in North Carolina. Contraception, 86(6), 752–756. doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2012.06.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bryant, A. G., Narasimhan, S., Bryant-Comstock, K., & Levi, E. E. (2014). Crisis pregnancy center websites: Information, misinformation and disinformation. Contraception, 90(6), 601–605. doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2014.07.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Butler, G. (1993). Definitions of stress. Occasional Paper Series Royal College of General Practice, 61, 1–5.
   Google Scholar
• Butler, L. D., Carello, J., & Maguin, E. (2016). Trauma, stress and self-care in clinical training: Predictors of burnout, decline in health status, secondary traumatic stress symptoms and compassion satisfaction. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice & Policy, Early Online. doi:10.1037/tra0000187
   Google Scholar
• Butler, L. D., Field, N. P., Busch, A. L., Seplaki, J. E., Hastings, T. A., & Spiegel, D. (2005). Anticipating loss and other temporal stressors predict traumatic stress symptoms among partners of metastatic/recurrent breast cancer patients. Psycho-Oncology, 14(6), 492–502. doi:10.1002/pon.865
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cannold, L. (2003). Understanding and responding to anti-choice women-centered strategies. Reproductive Health Matters, 10(19), 171–179. doi:10.1016/S0968-8080(02)00011-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carver, C. S., & Connor-Smith, J. (2010). Personality and coping. Annual Review of Psychology, 61, 679–704. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych093008.100352
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cates, W., Grimes, D. A., & Schulz, K. F. (2004). The public health impact of legal abortion: 30 years later. Perspectives on Sexual & Reproductive Health, 35(1), 25–28. doi:10.1363/3502503
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charles, V. E., Polis, C. B., Srindhara, S. K., & Blum, R. W. (2008). Abortion and long-term mental health outcomes: A systemic review of the evidence. Contraception, 78(6), 436–450. doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2008.07.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Classen, C., Nevo, R., Koopman, C., Nevill-Manning, K., Gore-Felton, C., Rose, D., & Spiegel, D. (2002). Recent stressful life events, sexual revictimization, and their relationship with traumatic stress symptoms among women sexually abused in childhood. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 17(12), 1274–1290. 10.1177/088626002237856
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cockrill, K., & Nack, A. (2013). “I’m not that type of person”: Managing the stigma of having an abortion. Deviant Behavior, 34(12), 973–990. doi:10.1080/01639625.2013.800423
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cockrill, K., Upadhyay, U. D., Turan, J., & Foster, D. G. (2013). The stigma of having an abortion: Development of a scale and characteristics of women experiencing abortion stigma. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 45(2), 79–88. doi:10.1363/4507913
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conti, J. A., Brant, A. R., Shumaker, H. D., & Reeves, M. F. (2016). Update on abortion policy. Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 28, 517–521. doi:10.1097/GCO.0000000000000324
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crum, A. J., Salovey, P., & Achor, S. (2013). Rethinking stress: The role of mindsets in determining the stress response. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 104(4), 716–733. doi:10.1037/a0031201
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Debbink, M. L. P., Hassinger, J. A., Martin, L. A., Maniere, E., Youatt, E., & Harris, L. H. (2016). Experiences with the Providers Share Workshop method: Abortion worker support and research in tandem. Qualitative Health Research, 26(13), 1823–1837. doi:10.1177/1049732316661166
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dietz, P. M., Spitz, A. M., Anda, R. F., Williamson, D. F., McMahon, P. M., Santelli, J. S., … & Kendrick, J. S. (1999). Unintended pregnancy among adult women exposed to abuse or household dysfunction during their childhood. Journal of the American Medical Association, 282, 1359–1364. 10.1001/jama.282.14.1359
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donovan, M. K. (2017). In real life: Federal restrictions on abortion coverage and the women they impact. Guttmacher Policy Review, 20, 1–7.
   Google Scholar
• Doran, F., & Nancarrow, S. (2015). Barriers and facilitators of access to first trimester abortion services for women in the developed world: A systemic review. Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care, 41(3), 40–52. doi:10.1136/jfprhc-2013-100862.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doran, F. M., & Hornibrook, J. (2016). Barriers around access to abortion experienced by rural women in New South Wales, Australia. Rural and Remote Health, 16, 3538–3549.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doucet, M., & Rovers, M. (2010). Generational trauma, attachment, and spiritual/religious interventions. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 15, 93–105. doi:10.1080/15325020903373078
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dreweke, J. (2017). U.S. abortion rate reaches record low amidst looming onslaught against reproductive health and rights. Guttmacher Policy Review, 20 Retrieved from https://www.guttmacher.org/sites/default/files/article_files/gpr2001517.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Elliott, D. E., Bjelajac, P., Fallot, R. D., Markoff, L. S., & Reed, B. G. (2005). Trauma-informed or trauma-denied: Principles and implementation of trauma-informed services for women. Journal of Community Psychology, 33(4), 461–477. doi:10.1002/jcop.20063
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ely, G. E. (2007). The abortion counseling experience: A discussion of patient narratives and recommendations for best practices. Best Practices in Mental Health, 3(2), 62–74.
   Google Scholar
• Ely, G. E., & Dulmus, C. N. (2010). Abortion policy and vulnerable women in the United States: A call for social work policy practice. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 20(5), 658–671. doi:10.1080/10911351003749177
   Google Scholar
• Ely, G. E., Flaherty, C., Akers, L. S., & Noland, T. B. (2012). Social work attitudes towards the social work perspective on abortion. Journal of Social Work Values & Ethics, 9(1), 34–45.
   Google Scholar
• Ely, G. E., Flaherty, C., & Cuddeback, G. (2010). The relationship between depression and other psychosocial problems in a sample of adolescent pregnancy termination patients. Child & Adolescent Social Work Journal, 27, 269–275. doi:10.1007/s10560-010-0203-z
   Google Scholar
• Ely, G. E., Hales, T. W., Jackson, D. L., Maguin, G., & Hamilton, G. (2017a). The undue burden of paying for abortion: An examination of abortion fund cases. Social Work in Health Care, 56(2), 99–114. 10.1080/00981389.2016.1263270
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ely, G. E., Hales, T. W., Jackson, D. L., Maguin, G., & Hamilton, G. (2017b). Where are they from and how far must they go? Examining location and travel distance in U.S. abortion fund patients. International Journal of Sexual Health, Online. doi:10.1080/19317611.2017.1316809
   Google Scholar
• Fallot, R. D., & Harris, M. (2009). Creating cultures of trauma-informed care (CCTIC): A self-assessment and planning protocol. Washington, D.C.: Community Connections.
   Google Scholar
• Foster, D. G., Gould, H., & Kimport, K. (2012). How women anticipate coping after an abortion. Contraception, 86(1), 84–90. doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2011.11.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foster, D. G., Gould, H., Taylor, J., & Weitz, T. A. (2012). Attitudes and decision making among women seeking abortions at one U.S. clinic. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 44(2), 117–124. doi:10.1363/4411712
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foster, D. G., Kimport, K., Gould, H. Roberts, S. C. M., & Weitz, T. A. (2013). Effect of protesters on women’s emotional response to abortion. Contraception, 87(1), 81–87. doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2012.09.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freedman, L., Landy, U., Darney, P., & Steinauer, J. (2010). Obstacles to the integration of abortion into obstetrics and gynecology practice. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 42(3), 146–151. doi:10.1363/4214610
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freedman, L. R., & Stuhlberg, D. B. (2013). Conflicts in care for obstetric complications in Catholic hospitals. American Journal of Bioethics Primary Research, 4(4), 1–10. doi:10.1080/21507716.2012.751464
   Google Scholar
• Gelman, A., Rosenfeld, E. A., Nikolajski, C., Freedman, L. R., Steinberg, J. R., & Borrero, S. (2017). Abortion stigma among low-income women obtaining abortions in Western Pennsylvania: A qualitative assessment. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 49(1), 29–36. doi:10.1363/psrh.12014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerdts, C., Fuentes, L., Grossman, D., White, K., Keefe-Oates, B., Baum, S. E., Hopkins, K., Stolp, C. W., & Potter, J. E. (2016). The impact of clinic closures on women obtaining abortion services after implementation of a restrictive law in Texas. American Journal of Public Health, 106(5), 857–864. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303134
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gonzalez, A., Locicero, B., Mahaffey, B., Fleming, C., Harris, J., & Vujanovic, A. A. (2016). Internalized HIV stigma and mindfulness: Associations with PTSD symptom severity in trauma-exposed adults with HIV-AIDS. Behavior Modification, 40(1/2), 144–163. 10.1177/0145445515615354
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grossman, D., Grindlay, K., & Burns, B. (2016). Public funding for abortion where broadly legal. Contraception, 94(5), 453–460. doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2016.06.019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grossman, D., Hendrick, E., White, K., Hopkins, A., Stevenson, C., Lopez, S. H., Yeatman, S., & Potter, J. E. (2015). Knowledge, opinion and experience related to abortion self-induction in Texas. Contraception, 92(4), 360–361. 10.1016/j.contraception.2015.06.036
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guttmacher Institute. (2017a). Counseling and waiting periods for an abortion. Retrieved from https://www.guttmacher.org/state-policy/explore/counseling-and-waiting-periods-abortion
   Google Scholar
• Guttmacher Institute. (2017b). Induced abortion in the United States. Retrieved from https://www.guttmacher.org/fact-sheet/induced-abortion-united-states
   Google Scholar
• Guttmacher Institute. (2017c). Parental involvement in minors’ abortions. Retrieved from https://www.guttmacher.org/state-policy/explore/parental-involvement-minors-abortions
   Google Scholar
• Guttmacher Institute. (2017d). Requirements for ultrasound. Retrieved from https://www.guttmacher.org/state-policy/explore/requirements-ultrasound
   Google Scholar
• Guttmacher Institute. (2017e). State policies on later abortions. State Laws & Policies. Retrieved from https://www.guttmacher.org/state-policy/explore/state-policies-later-abortions
   Google Scholar
• Hanschmidt, F., Linde, K., Hilbert, A., Riedel-Heller, S. G., & Kersting. A. (2016). Abortion stigma: A systemic review. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 48(4), 169–177. doi:10.1363/48e8516
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hare, I. (2004). Defining social work for the 21st century: The International Federation of Social Workers’ revised definition of social work. International Social Work, 47(3), 407–424. doi:10.1177/0020872804043973
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris, L., Debbink, M., Martin, L., & Hassinger, J. (2011). Dynamics of stigma in abortion work: Findings from a pilot study of the Providers Share Workshop. Social Science & Medicine, 73(7), 1062–1070. 10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.07.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris, L., Martin, L., Youatt, E., Eagen-Torrko, M., Bonnington, A., Hassinger, J., & Debbink, M. (2013). Michigan’s HB 5711: A case study of the role of abortion provider stigma in anti-abortion legislation. Contraception, 88(3), 443. 10.1016/j.contraception.2013.05.054
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris, L. H. (2012). Stigma and abortion complications in the United States. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 120(6), 1472–1474. 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182723d82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris, M., & Fallot, R. D. (2001). Envisioning a trauma-informed service system: A vital paradigm shift. New Directions for Mental Health Services, 89, 3–22. 10.1002/yd.23320018903
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hessini, L. (2014). A learning agenda for abortion stigma: Recommendations from the Bellagio expert group meeting. Women & Health, 54(7), 617–618. doi:10.1080/03630242.2014.919987
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Institute for Trauma & Trauma Informed Care (ITTIC). (n.d.). About trauma and trauma-informed care. Retrieved from https://socialwork.buffalo.edu/social-research/institutes-centers/institute-on-trauma-and-trauma-informed-care/about-us/trauma-and-trauma-informed-care.html
   Google Scholar
• Jeffreys, M. D., Leibowitz, R. Q., Finley, E., & Arar, N. (2010). Trauma disclosure to health care professionals by veterans: Clinical implications. Military Medicine, 175(10), 719–724. 10.7205/MILMED-D-10-00054
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joffe, C. (2014). Commentary: Abortion provider stigma and mainstream medicine. Women & Health, 54(7), 666. 10.1080/03630242.2014.919985
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joffe, C. (2017). What will become of reproductive issues in Trump’s America? Reproductive Health Matters, 25(49), 1–4. doi:10.1080/09688080.2017.1287826
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones, R. K., & Finer, L. B. (2012). Who has second trimester abortions in the United States? Contraception, 85(6), 544–551. doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2011.10.012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones, R. K., & Jerman, J. (2014). Abortion incidence and service availability in the United States. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 46(1), 3–14. doi:10.1363/psrh.12015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones, R. K., Upadhyay, U. D., & Weitz, T. A. (2013). At what cost? Payment for abortion care by U.S. women. Women’s Health Issues, 23(3), e173–e178. doi:10.1016/j.whi.2013.03.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones, R. K., Zolna, M. R., Henshaw, S. K., & Finer, L. B. (2008). Abortion in the United States: Incidence and access to services, 2005. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 40(1), 6–16. doi:10.1363/4000608
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones-Berry, S. (2016). Abortion staff “run the gauntlet” of protests. Nursing Standard, 36(6), 6–9. doi:10.7748/ns.31.6.9.s8
   Google Scholar
• Joyce, T., & Kaestner, R. (2001). The impact of mandatory waiting periods and parental consent laws on the timing of abortion and state of occurrence among adolescents in Mississippi and South Carolina. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 20(2), 263–282. 10.1002/(ISSN)1520-6688
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaplan, A. (2009). Abortion trauma syndrome. Psychiatric Times, 26(9), 1. Retrieved from http://www.psychiatrictimes.com/articles/%E2%80%9Cabortion-trauma-syndrome%E2%80%9D
   Google Scholar
• Karasek, D., Roberts, S. C. M., & Weitz, T. A. (2016). Abortion patients’ experience and perceptions of waiting periods: Survey evidence before Arizona’s two-visit, 24 hour mandatory waiting period law. Women’s Health Issues, 26(1), 60–66. doi:10.1016/j.whi.2015.10.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kessler, R. C. (2000). Posttraumatic stress disorder: The burden to the individual and to society. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 61(S5), 4–12.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kimport, K., Cockrill, K., & Weitz, T. A. (2012). Analyzing the impacts of abortion clinic structures and processes: A qualitative analysis of women’s negative experiences of abortion clinics. Contraception, 85(2), 204–210. doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2011.05.020
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirmayer, L. J., Gone, J. P., & Moses, J. (2014). Rethinking historical trauma. Transcultural Psychiatry, 51(3), 299–319. 10.1177/1363461514536358
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knight, C. (2015). Trauma-informed social work practice: Practice considerations and challenges. Clinical Social Work Journal, 43(1), 25–37. doi:10.1007/s10615-014-0481-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar, A., Hessini, L., & Mitchell, E. M. H. (2009). Conceptualising abortion stigma. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 11(6), 625–639. doi:10.1080/13691050902842741
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Coping and adaptation. In W. D. Gentry (Ed.), Handbook of behavioral medicine (pp. 282–325).
   Google Scholar
• Littman, L. A., Zarcadoolas, C., Jacobs, A. R. (2009). Introducing abortion patients to a culture of support: A pilot study. Archives of Women’s Mental Health, 12, 419–431. doi:10.1007/s00737-009-0095-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lundell, I. W., Ohmann, S. G., Frans, O., Helstrom, L., Hogberg, U., Nyberg, S., … & Svanberg, A. S. (2013a). Posttraumatic stress among women after induced abortion: A Swedish multi-centre cohort study. BMC Women’s Health, 13, 52–71. doi:10.1186/1472-6874-13-52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lundell, I. W., Ohmann, S. G., Poromaa, I. S., Hogberg, U., Sydsjo, G., & Syanberg, A. S. (2015). How women perceive abortion care: A study focusing on healthy women and those with mental and posttraumatic stress. The European Journal of Contraception and Reproductive Health Care, 20, 211–222. doi:10.3109/13625187.2014.1002032
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lundell, I. W., Poromaa, I. S., Frans, O., Helstrom, L., Hogberg, U., Moby, L., & Syanberg, A. K. (2013b). The prevalence of posttraumatic stress among women requesting induced abortion. The European Journal of Contraception and Reproductive Health Care, 18, 480–488. doi:10.3109/13625187.2013.828030
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Major, B., Appelbaum, M., Beckman, L., Dutton, M. A., Russo, N. F., & West, C. (2008). Report of the American psychological association task force on mental health and abortion. Retrieved from https://www.reproductiverights.org/sites/crr.civicactions.net/files/documents/American%20Psychological%20Association–Mental%20Health.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Major, B., & Gramzow, R. (1999). Abortion as stigma: Cognitive and emotional implications of concealment. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 77(4), 735–745. 10.1037/0022-3514.77.4.735
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin, L. A., Debbink, M., Hassinger, J., Youatt, E., Eagen-Torkko, M., & Harris, L. H. (2014a). Measuring stigma among abortion providers: Assessing the Abortion Provider Stigma Survey Instrument. Women & Health, 54, 641–661. doi:10.1080/03630242.2014.919981
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin, L. A., Debbink, M., Hassinger, J., Youatt, E., & Harris, L. H. (2014b). Abortion provider stigma and professional quality of life. Contraception, 90, 581–587. doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2014.07.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• May, C. L., & Wisco, B. E. (2016). Defining trauma: How level of exposure and proximity affect risk for posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice & Policy, 8(2), 233–240. doi:10.1037/tra0000077
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCoyd, J. L. M. (2010). Women in no man’s land: The U.S. abortion debate and women terminating desired pregnancies due to fetal anomaly. British Journal of Social Work, 40, 133–153. doi:10.1093/bjsw/bcn080.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Medoff, M. (2012). State abortion politics and TRAP abortion laws. Journal of Women, Politics & Policy, 33, 239–262. doi:10.1080/1554477X.2012.667746
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Medoff, M. (2016). State abortion policy and unintended birth rates in the United States. Social Indicators Research, 129(2), 589–600. doi:10.1007/s11205-015-1135-y
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Medoff, M., & Dennis, C. (2011). TRAP abortion laws and partisan political party control of state government. American Journal of Economics and Sociology, 70(4), 951–973. doi:10.1111/j.1536-7150.2011.00794.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, E., Decker, M. R., McCauley, H. L., Tancredi, D. L., Levenson, R. R., Waldman, J., Schoenwald, P., & Silverman, J. G. (2010). Pregnancy coercion, intimate partner violence and unintended pregnancy. Contraception, 81(4), 316–322. doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2009.12.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, E., Levenson, R. R., Herrera, L., Kurek, L., Stofflet, M., & Marin, L. (2012). Exposure to partner, family and community violence: Gang-affiliated Latina women and risk of unintended pregnancy. Journal of Urban Health, 89(1), 74–86. doi:10.1007/s11524-011-9631-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohatt, N. V., Thompson, A. B., Thai, N. D., & Tebes, J. K. (2015). Historical trauma as public narrative: A conceptual review of how history impacts present-day health. Social Science in Medicine, 106, 128–136. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.01.043
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray, M. (2017). Intimate choices, public threats- reproductive and LGBT rights under a Trump administration. New England Journal of Medicine, 376, 301–303. doi:10.1056/NEJMp1615718
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Myran, D. T., Carew, C. L., Tang, J., Whyte, H., & Fisher, W. A. (2015). Medical students’ intentions to seek abortion training and to provide abortion services in future practice. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada (JOGC), 37(3), 236–244. doi:10.1016/S1701-2163(15)30309-1.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nash, E., & Gold, E. B. (2015). In just the last four years, states have enacted 231 abortion restrictions. Retrieved from the Guttmacher Institute’s website: https://www.guttmacher.org/article/2015/01/just-last-four-years-states-have-enacted-231-abortion-restrictions
   Google Scholar
• National Association of Social Workers (NASW). (2008). Code of Ethics of the National Association of Social Workers. Retrieved from https://www.socialworkers.org/pubs/code/code.asp
   Google Scholar
• National Association of Social Workers (NASW). (2015). Family planning and reproductive choice. In Social work speaks: National Association of Social Workers Policy Statements, 2015–2017 (10th ed.) (pp. 114–120). Washington, DC: NASW Press.
   Google Scholar
• National Association of Social Workers. (2017). Social work profession. Retrieved from https://www.socialworkers.org/pressroom/features/general/profession.asp
   Google Scholar
• National Network of Abortion Funds. (2017). What is the Hyde Amendment? Retrieved from: https://abortionfunds.org/hyde/
   Google Scholar
• Nelson, D. B., & Lepore, S. J. (2013). The role of stress, depression and violence on unintended pregnancy among young urban women. Journal of Women’s Health, 22(8), 673–680. doi:10.1089/jwh.2012.4133
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nixon, L., Mejia, P., Arbatman, L., Seklir, L., Woodruff, K., Cockrill, K., Harold, S., Himiak, L., & Dorfman, L. (2016). “Regret”, “risk” and “murder”: An analysis of abortion stigma in the news. Contraception, 94(4), 399. doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2016.07.065
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norris, A., Bessett, D., Steinberg, J. R., Kavanaugh, M. L., De Zordo, S., & Becker, D. (2011). Abortion stigma: A reconceptualization of constituents, causes, and consequences. Women’s Health Issues, 21(3), S49–S54. doi:10.1016/j.whi.2011.02.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ostrach, B., & Cheyney, M. (2014). Navigating social and institutional obstacles: Low-income women seeking abortion. Qualitative Health Research, 24(7), 1006–1017. doi:10.1177/1049732314540218
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Purcell, C., Hilton, S., & McDaid, L. (2014). The stigmatisation of abortion: A qualitative analysis of print media in Great Britain in 2010. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 16(9), 1141–1155. doi:10.1080/13691058.2014.937463
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts, S. C. M., Gould, H., Kimport, K. Weitz, T. A., & Foster, D. G. (2014). Out of pocket costs and insurance coverage for abortion in the United States. Women’s Health Issues, 24(2), e211–e218. doi:10.1016/j.whi.2014.01.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts, S. T., Watlington, C. G., Nett, S. D., & Batten, S. A. (2010). Sexual trauma disclosure in clinical settings: Addressing diversity. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 11, 244–259. doi:10.1080/15299730903502961
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinson, G. E., Stotland, N. L., Russo, N. F., Lang, J. A., & Occhiogrosso, M. (2009). Is there an abortion trauma syndrome? Critiquing the evidence. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 17(4), 268–290. doi:10.1080/10673220903149119
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rocca, C. H., Kimport, K., Roberts, S. C. M., Gould, H., Neuhaus, J., & Foster, D. G. (2015). Decision rightness and emotional response to abortion in the United States: A longitudinal study. PLOS One, 10(7), e0128832. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0128832.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosen, J. D. (2012). The public health risks of crisis pregnancy centers. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 44(3), 201–205. doi:10.1363/4420112
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rowan, A. (2016). Understanding intimate partner violence as a sexual and reproductive health and rights issue in the United States. Guttmacher Policy Review, 19, 37–45.
   Google Scholar
• Salganicoff, A., Beamesderfer, A., Kurani, N., & Sobel, I. (2014). Coverage for abortion and the ACA. Retrieved from the Kaiser Family Foundation’s website: http://www.kff.org/womens-health-policy/issue-brief/coverage-for-abortion-services-and-the-aca/
   Google Scholar
• Samora, J. B., & Leslie, N. (2007). The role of advanced practice clinicians in the availability of abortion services in the United States. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing, 36(5), 471–476. doi:10.1111/j.1552-6909.2007.00169.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samora, J. B., & Leslie, N. S. (2008). In response to letter: On risks of abortion. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing, 37(2), 125.
   Google Scholar
• Schumm, J. A., Briggs-Phillips, M., & Hobfoll, S. E. (2006). Cumulative interpersonal traumas and social support as risk and resiliency factors in predicting PTSD and depression among inner-city women. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 19(6), 825–836. doi:10.1002/jts.20159
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sedgh, G., Bearak, J., Singh, S., Bankole, A., Popinchalk, A., Ganatra, B., … & Alkema, L. (2016). Abortion incidence between 1990 and 2014: Global, regional and subregional levels and trends. The Lancet, 388(10041), 258–267. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30380-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shellenberg, K. M., Moore, A. M., Bankole, A., Juarez, F., Omideyi, A. K., Palomino, N., … & Tsui, A. O. (2011). Social stigma and disclosure about induced abortion: Results from an exploratory study. Global Public Health, 6(S1), S111–S125. doi:10.1080/17441692.2011.594072
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shellenberg, K. M., & Tsui, A. O. (2012). Correlates of perceived and internalized stigma among abortion patients in the USA: An exploration by race and Hispanic ethnicity. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 118(2), S152–S159. doi:10.1016/S0020-7292(12)60015-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Starcke, K., Wolfe, O. T., Markowitsch, H. J., & Brand, M. (2008). Anticipatory stress influences decision making under explicit risk conditions. Behavioral Neuroscience, 122(6), 1352–1360. doi:10.1037/a0013281
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinberg, J. R., Trussell, J., Hall, K. S., & Guthrie, K. (2012). Fatal flaws in a recent meta-analysis on abortion and mental health. Contraception, 86(5), 430–437. 10.1016/j.contraception.2012.03.012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinberg, J. R., Tschann, Furgerson, D., & Harper, C. (2016). Psychosocial factors and pre-abortion psychological health: The significance of stigma. Social Science & Medicine, 150, 67–75. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.12.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Streets, F. (2013). Preaching and the trauma of HIV and AIDS: A social work perspective. Social Work & Christianity, 40(2), 206–224.
   Google Scholar
• Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2017). Clinical practice: Trauma. Retrieved from http://www.integration.samhsa.gov/clinical-practice/trauma
   Google Scholar
• Thompson, R., Lewis, T., Neilson, E. C., English, D. J., Litrownik, A. J., Margolis, B., … & Dubowitz, H. (2017). Child maltreatment and risky sexual behavior: Indirect effects through trauma symptoms and substance use. Child Maltreatment, 22(1), 69–78. doi:10.1177/1077559516674595
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsevat, D., Miracle, J., & Gallo, M. (2016). Evaluation of services at crisis pregnancy centers in Ohio. Contraception, 94(4), 391–392. doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2016.07.037
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uscher-Pines, L., & Nelson, D. B. (2010). Neighborhood and individual level violence and unintended pregnancy. Journal of Urban Health, 87(4), 677–687. doi:10.1007/s11524-010-9461-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weitz, T. A., & Kimport, K. (2015). The discursive production of abortion stigma in the Texas ultrasound viewing law. Berkeley Journal of Gender, Law & Justice, 30(1), 6–21. doi:10.15779/Z388K74W2H
   Google Scholar
• White, K., deMartelly, V., Grossman, D., & Turan, J. (2016). Experiences accessing abortion care in Alabama. Women’s Health Issues, 26(3), 298–304. doi:10.1016/j.whi.2016.01.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiederhold, A. M. (2014). Narrative spaces between intractability outside the clinic. Health Communication, 29, 741–744. doi:10.1080/10410236.2013.769661
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winter, V. R., Kattari, S. K., Begun, K., & McKay, K. (2016). Personal and professional values: Relationships between social workers’ reproductive health knowledge, attitudes, and ethical decision-making. The Journal of Social Work Values and Ethics, 13(2), 1–13.
   Google Scholar
• Wolf, M. R., Green, S. A., Nochajski, T. H., Mendel, W. E., & Kusmaul, N. S. (2014). “We’re civil servants”: The status of trauma-informed care in the community. Journal of Social Service Research, 40(1), 111–120. doi:10.1080/01488376.2013.845131
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar