Measuring Interpersonal Callousness in Boys From Childhood to Adolescence: An Examination of Longitudinal Invariance and Temporal Stability

References

• Achenbach , T. M. ( 1991 ). Manual for the child behavior checklist/4–18 and 1991 profiles . Burlington : University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry .
   Google Scholar
• Achenbach , T. M. & Edelbrock , C. ( 1986 ). Manual for the Teacher's Report Form and teacher version of the Child Behavior Profile . Burlington : University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry .
   Google Scholar
• Aksan , N. & Kochanska , G. ( 2005 ). Conscience in childhood: Old questions, new answers . Developmental Psychology , 41 , 506 – 516 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asparouhov , T. ( 2005 ). Sampling weights in latent variable modeling . Structural Equation Modeling , 12 , 411 – 434 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker , F. B. ( 1992 ). Item response theory . New York : Dekker .
   Google Scholar
• Blonigen , D. M. , Hicks , B. M. , Kruger , R. F. , Patrick , C. J. , & Iacono , W. G. ( 2006 ). Continuity and change in psychopathic traits as measured via normal-range personality: A longitudinal-biometric study . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 115 , 85 – 95 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brandt , J. R. , Kennedy , W. A. , Patrick , C. J. , & Curtin , J. J. ( 1997 ). Assessment of psychopathy in a population of incarcerated adolescent offenders . Psychological Assessment , 9 , 429 – 435 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brinkley , C. A. , Schmitt , W. A. , Smith , S. S. , & Newman , J. P. ( 2001 ). Construct validation of a self-report psychopathy scale: Does Levenson's self-report psychopathy scale measure the same constructs as Hare's psychopathy checklist-revised? Personality and Individual Differences , 31 , 1021 – 1038 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheung , G. W. & Rensvold , R. B. ( 2002 ). Evaluating goodness-of-fit indices for testing measurement invariance . Structural Equation Modeling , 9 , 233 – 255 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen , J. ( 1994 ). The earth is round (p < .05) . American Psychologist , 49 , 997 – 1003 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooke , D. J. & Michie , C. ( 2001 ). Refining the construct of psychopathy: Towards a hierarchical model . Psychological Assessment , 13 , 171 – 188 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dadds , M. R. , Fraser , J. , Frost , A. , & Hawes , D. J. ( 2005 ). Disentangling the underlying dimensions of psychopathy and conduct problems in childhood: A community study . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 73 , 400 – 410 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Frias , C. M. & Dixon , R. A. ( 2005 ). Confirmatory factor structure and measurement invariance of the memory compensation questionnaire . Psychological Assessment , 17 , 168 – 178 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edens , J. F. , Skeem , J. L. , Cruise , K. R. , & Caufmann , E. ( 2001 ). Assessment of “juvenile psychopathy” and its association with violence: A critical review . Behavioral Sciences and the Law , 19 , 53 – 80 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fitzmaurice , G. M. , Laird , N. M. , & Ware , J. H. ( 2004 ). Applied longitudinal analysis . New York : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Flora , D. B. & Curran , P. J. ( 2004 ). An empirical evaluation of alternative methods of estimation for confirmatory factor analysis with ordinal data . Psychological Methods , 9 , 466 – 491 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forth , A. E. , Kosson , D. S. , & Hare , R. D. ( 2004 ). The Hare Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL-YV) Rating Guide . Toronto : Multi-Health Systems .
   Google Scholar
• Frick , P. J. , Bodin , S. D. , & Barry , C. T. ( 2000 ). Psychopathic traits and conduct problems in community and clinic-referred samples of children: Further development of the psychopathy screening device . Psychological Assessment , 12 , 382 – 393 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frick , P. J. , Cornell , A. H. , Bodin , S. D. , Dane , H. , Barry , C. T. , & Loney , B. R. ( 2003 ). Callous-unemotional traits and developmental pathways to severe conduct problems . Developmental Psychology , 39 , 246 – 260 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frick , P. J. & Hare , R. D. ( 2002 ). The antisocial processes screening device . Toronto : Multi-Health Systems .
   Google Scholar
• Frick , P. J. , Kimonis , E. R. Dandreaux , D. M. , & Farell , J. M. ( 2003 ). The 4 year stability of psychopathic traits in non-referred youth . Behavioral Sciences and the Law , 21 , 713 – 736 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frick , P. J. , O'Brien , B. S. , Wootton , J. , & McBurnett , K. ( 1994 ). Psychopathy and conduct problems in children . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 27 , 381 – 390 .
   Google Scholar
• Hare , R. D. ( 2003 ). Hare Psychopathy Checklist–Revised (PCL–R): 2nd Ed. technical manual . North Tonawanda , NY : Multi-Health Systems .
   Google Scholar
• Hart , S. D. , Cox , D. N. , & Hare , R. D. ( 1995 ). Manual for the Hare Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version (PCL:SV) . Toronto : Multi-Health Systems .
   Google Scholar
• Hart , S. D. , Watt , K. A. , & Vincent , G. A. ( 2002 ). Commentary on Seagrave and Grisso: Impressions of the state of the art . Law and Human Behavior , 26 , 241 – 245 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horn , J. L. & McArdle , J. J. ( 1992 ). A practical and theoretical to measurement invariance in aging research . Experimental Aging Research , 18 , 117 – 144 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu , L. & Bentler , P. M. ( 1999 ). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives . Structural Equation Modeling , 6 , 1 – 55 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hutchinson , S. R. & Olmos , A. ( 1998 ). Behavior of descriptive fit indices in confirmatory factor analysis using ordered categorical data . Structural Equation Modeling , 5 , 344 – 364 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kline , R. B. ( 2005 ). Principles and practices of structural equation modeling () , 2nd ed. . New York : Guilford .
   Google Scholar
• Kosson , D. S. , Cyterski , T. D. , Steuerwald , B. L. , Neumann , C. S. , & Walker-Matthews , S. ( 2002 ). The reliability and validity of the Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL:YV) in nonincarcerated adolescent males . Psychological Assessment , 14 , 97 – 109 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levenson , M. R. , Kiehl , K. A. , & Fitzpatrick , C. M. ( 1995 ). Assessing psychopathic attributes in a noninstitutionalized population . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 68 , 151 – 158 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Little , T. D. (1997). Mean and covariance structures (MACS) analyses of cross-cultural data: Practical and theoretical issues. Multivariate Behavioral Research , 32, 53–76.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Little , T. D. ( 2000 ). On the comparability of constructs in cross-cultural research: A critique of Cheung and Rensvold . Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology , 31 , 213 – 219 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loeber , R. , Burke , J. D. , & Lahey , B. B. ( 2002 ). What are the antecedents to antisocial personality disorder? Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health , 12 , 24 – 36 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Loeber , R. , Farrington , D. P. , Stouthamer-Loeber , M. , & Van Kammen , W. B. ( 1998 ). Antisocial behavior and mental health problems: Explanatory factors in childhood and adolescence . Mahwah , NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates .
   Google Scholar
• Loeber , R. , Pardini , D. , Homish , D. L. , Wei , E. H. , Crawford , A. M. , et al. . ( 2005 ). The prediction of violence and homicide in young men . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 73 , 1074 – 1088 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lynam , D. R. ( 1997 ). Pursuing the psychopathy: Capturing the fledgling psychopath in a nomological net . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 106 , 425 – 438 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lynam , D. R. , Caspi , A. , Moffitt , T. E. , Raine , A. , Loeber , R. , & Stouthamer-Loeber , M. ( 2005 ). Adolescent psychopathy and the big five: Results from two samples . Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 4 , 431 – 444 .
   Google Scholar
• Lynam , D. R. , Whiteside , S. , & Jones , S. ( 1999 ). Self-reported psychopathy: A validation study . Journal of Personality Assessment , 73 , 110 – 112 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maitland , S. B. , Dixon , R. A. , Hultsch , D. F. , & Hertzog , C. ( 2001 ). Well-being as a moving target: Measurement equivalence of the Bradburn Affect Balance Sheet . Journal of Gerontology , 56B , 69 – 77 .
   Google Scholar
• McArdle , J. J. ( 1996 ). Current directions in structural factor analysis . Current Directions , 5 , 11 – 18 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDonald , R. P. & Ho , M-H, R. ( 2002 ). Principles and practice in reporting structural equation analyses . Psychological Methods , 7 , 64 – 82 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meade , A. W. & Lautenschlager , G. J. ( 2004 ). A monte-carlo study of confirmatory factor analytic tests of measurement equivalence/invariance . Structural Equation Modeling , 11 , 60 – 72 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meade , A. W. , Lautenschlager , G. J. , & Hecht , J. E. ( 2005 ). Establishing measurement equivalence and invariance in longitudinal data with item response theory . International Journal of Testing , 5 , 279 – 300 .
   Google Scholar
• Meredith , W. ( 1993 ). Measurement invariance, factor analysis, and factorial invariance . Psychometrika , 58 , 525 – 542 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Motl , R. W. , Dishman , R. K. , Birnbaum , A. S. , & Lytle , L. E. ( 2005 ). Longitudinal invariance of the center for epidemiological studies-depression scale among girls and boys in middle school . Educational and Psychological Measurement , 65 , 90 – 108 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Motl , R. W. & DiStefano , C. ( 2002 ). Longitudinal invariance of self-esteems and methods effects associated with negatively worded items . Structural Equation Modeling , 9 , 562 – 578 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muthén , B. ( 2004 ). Mplus technical appendices . Los Angeles : Muthén & Muthén .
   Google Scholar
• Muthén , L. K. & Muthén , B. O. ( 1998–2004 ). Mplus user's guide () , 3rd ed. . Los Angeles : Author .
   Google Scholar
• Olsson , U. ( 1979 ). Maximum likelihood estimation of the polychoric correlation . Psychometrika , 44 , 443 – 460 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pardini , D. A. ( 2006 ). The callousness pathway to severe violent delinquency . Aggressive Behavior , 32 , 590 – 598 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pardini , D. , Obradović , J. , & Loeber , R. ( 2006 ). Interpersonal callousness, hyperactivity/impulsivity, inattention and conduct problems as precursors to delinquency persistence in boys: A comparison of three grade-based cohorts . Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology , 35 , 46 – 59 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pentz , M. A. & Chou , C. ( 1994 ). Measurement invariance in longitudinal clinical research assuming change from development and intervention . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 62 , 450 – 462 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts , B. W. & DelVecchio , W. F. ( 2000 ). The rank-order consistency of personality traits from childhood to old age: A quantitative review of longitudinal studies . Psychological Bulletin , 126 , 3 – 25 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rutherford , M. , Cacciola , J. S. , Alterman , A. I. , McKay , J. R. , & Cook , T. G. ( 1999 ). The 2-year test-retest reliability of the Psychopathy Checklist Revised in methadone patients . Assessment , 6 , 285 – 292 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rutter , M. ( 2005 ). Commentary: What is the meaning and utility of psychopathy concept? Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 33 , 499 – 503 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salekin , R. T. & Frick , P. J. ( 2005 ). Psychopathy in children and adolescents: The need for a developmental perspective . Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 33 , 403 – 409 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schroeder , M. L. , Schroeder , K. G. , & Hare , R. D. ( 1983 ). Generalizability of a checklist for assessment of psychopathy . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 51 , 511 – 516 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seagrave , D. & Grisso , T. ( 2002 ). Adolescent development and the measurement of juvenile psychopathy . Law and Human Behavior , 26 , 219 – 239 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skeem , J. L. , Mulvey , E. P. , & Grisso , T. ( 2003 ). Applicability of traditional and revised models of psychopathy to the Psychopathy Checklist: Screening version . Psychological Assessment , 15 , 41 – 55 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vandenberg , R. J. & Lance , C. E. ( 2000 ). A review and synthesis of the measurement invariance literature: Suggestions, practices, and recommendations . Organizational Research Methods , 3 , 4 – 70 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Viding , E. , Blair , J. B. , Moffitt , T. E. , & Plomin , R. ( 2005 ). Evidence for substantial genetic risk for psychopathy in 7-year olds . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 46 , 592 – 597 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vitacco , M. J. , Neumann , C. S. , & Jackson , R. L. ( 2005 ). Testing a four-factor model of psychopathy and its association with ethnicity, gender, intelligence, and violence . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 73 , 466 – 476 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vitacco , M. J. , Rogers , R. , & Neumann , C. S. ( 2003 ). The Antisocial Process Screening Device: An examination of its construct and criterion-related validity . Assessment , 10 , 143 – 150 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wohlwill , J. F. ( 1973 ). The study of behavioral development . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar