3,838
Views
203
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ORIGINAL ARTICLES

The Development of Callous-Unemotional Traits and Antisocial Behavior in Children: Are There Shared and/or Unique Predictors?

, &
Pages 319-333 | Received 08 Dec 2006, Accepted 14 Dec 2006, Published online: 05 Dec 2007

References

  • Aiken , L. S. & West , S. G. ( 1991 ). Multiple regression . Newbury Park , CA : Sage .
  • Bandura , A. ( 1973 ). Aggression: A social learning analysis . Englewood Cliffs , NJ : Prentice Hall .
  • Barrington , J. , Prior , M. , Richardson , M. , & Allen , K. ( 2005 ). Effectiveness of CBT versus standard treatment for childhood anxiety disorders in a community clinic setting . Behaviour Change , 22 , 29 – 43 .
  • Barry , C. T. , Frick , P. J. , DeShazo , T. M. , McCoy , M. G. , Ellis , M. , & Loney , B. R. ( 2000 ). The importance of callous-unemotional traits for extending the concept of psychopathy to children . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 109 , 335 – 340 .
  • Blair , R. J. R. (2005). Applying a cognitive neuroscience perspective to the disorder of psychopathy. Development and Psychopathology , 17, 865–891.
  • Blair , R. J. R. , Peschardt , K. S. , Budhani , S. , Mitchell , D. G. V. , & Pine , D. S. ( 2006 ). The development of psychopathy . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 47 , 262 – 275 .
  • Cohen , J. & Cohen , P. ( 1975 ). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences . Mahwah , New Jersey : Lawerence Erlbaum Associates .
  • Cohen , J. , Cohen , P. , West , S. G. , & Aiken , L. S. ( 2003 ). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences () , 3rd ed. . Mahwah , NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates .
  • Colder , C. R. , Lochman , J. E. , & Wells , K. C. ( 1997 ). The moderating effects of children's fear and activity level on relations between parenting practices and childhood symptomatology . Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 25 , 251 – 263 .
  • Conger , A. J. ( 1974 ). A revised definition for suppressor variables: A guide to their identification and interpretation . Educational and Psychological Measurement , 34 , 35 – 46 .
  • Dadds , M. R. , Fraser , J. , Frost , A. , & Hawes , D. J. ( 2005 ). Disentangling the underlying dimensions of psychopathy and conduct problems in chilhdood: A community study . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 73 , 400 – 410 .
  • Dadds , M. R. & Salmon , K. ( 2003 ). Punishment insensitivity and parenting: Temperament and learning as interacting risk for antisocial behavior . Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review , 6 , 69 – 86 .
  • Deater-Deckard , K. , Fulker , D. , & Plomin , R. ( 1999 ). A genetic study of the family environment in the transition to early adolescence . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 40 , 769 – 776 .
  • Dodge , K. A. & Coie , J. D. ( 1987 ). Social information processing factors in reactive and proactive aggression in children's peer groups . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 53 , 1146 – 1158 .
  • Feehan , M. , McGee , R. , Stanton , W. R. , & Silva , P. A. ( 1991 ). Strict and inconsistent discipline in childhood: Consequences for adolescent mental health . British Journal of Clinical Psychology , 30 , 325 – 331 .
  • Fergusson , D. M. & Horwood , L. J. ( 1993 ). The structure, stability and correlations of the trait components of conduct disorder, attention deficit and anxiety/withdrawal reports . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 34 , 749 – 766 .
  • Fite , P. J. , Colder , C. R. , Lochman , J. E. , & Wells , K. C. ( 2006 ). The mutual influence of parenting and boys' externalizing behaviour problems . Journal of Applied Development Psychology , 27 , 151 – 164 .
  • Fowles , D. C. & Kochanska , G. ( 2000 ). Temperament as a moderator of pathways to conscience in children: The contribution of electrodermal activity . Psychophysiology , 37 , 788 – 795 .
  • Frick , P. J. , Bodin , S. D. , & Barry , C. T. ( 2000 ). Psychopathic traits and conduct problems in community and clinic referred samples of children: Further development of the Psychopathy Screening Device . Psychological Assessment , 13 , 382 – 393 .
  • Frick , P. J. , Cornell , A. H. , Barry , C. T. , Bodin , S. D. , & Dane , H. E. ( 2003 ). Callous-unemotional traits and conduct problems in the prediction of conduct problem severity, aggression, and self-report of delinquency . Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 31 , 457 – 470 .
  • Frick , P. J. , Cornell , A. H. , Bodin , S. D. , Dane , H. , Barry , C. T. , & Loney , B. R. ( 2003 ). Callous-unemotional traits and developmental pathways to severe conduct problems . Developmental Psychology , 39 , 246 – 260 .
  • Frick , P. J. & Hare , R. D. ( 2001 ). The Antisocial Processes Screening Device . Toronto : Multi-Health Systems .
  • Frick , P. J. , Kimonis , E. R. , Dandreaux , D. M. , & Farell , J. M. ( 2003 ). The four year stability of psychopathic traits in non-referred youth . Behavioral Sciences & the Law , 21 , 713 – 736 .
  • Frick , P. J. , Lilienfeld , S. O. , Ellis , M. , Loney , B. , & Silverthorn , P. ( 1999 ). The association between anxiety and psychopathy dimensions in children . Journal of Abnormal Child , 27 , 383 – 392 .
  • Frick , P. J. & Morris , A. S. ( 2004 ). Temperament and developmental pathways to conduct problems . Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology , 33 , 54 – 68 .
  • Frick , P. J. , O'Brien , B. S. , Wootton , J. , & McBurnett , K. ( 1994 ). Psychopathy and conduct problems in children . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 103 , 700 – 707 .
  • Frick , P. J. , Stickle , T. R. , Dandreaux , D. M. , Farrell , J. M. , & Kimonis , E. R. ( 2005 ). Callous-unemotional traits in predicting the severity and stability of conduct problems and delinquency . Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 33 , 471 – 487 .
  • Gershoff , E. T. ( 2002 ). Corporal punishment by parents and associated child behaviors and experiences: A meta-analytic and theoretical review . Psychological Bulletin , 128 , 539 – 579 .
  • Gladman , M. & Lancaster , S. ( 2003 ). A review of the Behaviour Assessment System of their Children . School Psychology International , 24 , 276 – 291 .
  • Gorman-Smith , D. , Henry , D. B. , & Tolan , P. H. ( 2004 ). Exposure to community violence and violence perpetration: The protective effects of family functioning . Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology , 33 , 439 – 449 .
  • Gorman-Smith , D. , Tolan , P. H. , Sheidow , A. J. , & Henry , D. B. ( 2001 ). Partner violence and street violence among urban adolescents: Do the same family factors relate? Journal of Research on Adolescence , 11 , 273 – 295 .
  • Gorman-Smith , D. , Tolan , P. H. , Zelli , A. , & Huesmann , L. R. ( 1996 ). The relation of family functioning to violence among inner-city minority youths . Journal of Family Psychology , 10 , 115 – 129 .
  • Gregory , A. M. , Eley , T. C. , & Plomin , R. ( 2004 ). Exploring the association between anxiety and conduct problems in a large sample of twins aged 2–4 . Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 32 , 111 – 122 .
  • Hastings , P. D. , Zahn-Waxler , C. , Robinson , J. , Usher , B. , & Bridges , D. ( 2000 ). The development of concern for others in children with behavior problems . Developmental Psychology , 36 , 531 – 546 .
  • Hawes , D. J. & Dadds , M. R. ( 2005 ). The treatment of conduct problems in children with callous-unemotional traits . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 73 , 737 – 741 .
  • Hinshaw , S. P. ( 2002 ). Process, mechanism, and explanation related to externalizing behaviour in developmental psychopathology . Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 30 , 431 – 446 .
  • Hoffman , M. L. ( 1983 ). Affective and cognitive processes in moral internalization . In E. T. Higgens , D. N. Ruble , & W. W. Hartup (Eds.), Social cognition and social development (pp. 236 – 274 ). New York : Cambridge University Press .
  • Kamphaus , R. W. & Frick , P. J. ( 1996 ). Clinical assessment of child and adolescent personality and behavior . Needham Heights , MA : Allyn & Bacon .
  • Kempes , M. , Matthys , W. , de Vries , H. , & van Engeland , H. ( 2005 ). Reactive and proactive aggression in children: A review of theory, findings and the relevance for child and adolescent psychiatry . European Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , 14 , 11 – 19 .
  • Kiang , L. , Moreno , A. J. , & Robinson , J. L. (2004). Maternal preconceptions about parenting predict child temperament, maternal sensitivity, and children's empathy. Developmental Psychology , 40, 1081–1092.
  • Kochanska , G. ( 1995 ). Children's temperament, mothers' discipline, and security of attachment: Multiple pathways to emerging internalization . Child Development , 66 , 597 – 615 .
  • Kochanska , G. ( 1997 ). Mutually responsive orientation between mothers and their young children: Implications for early socialization . Child Development , 68 , 94 – 112 .
  • Kochanska , G. , Forman , D. R. , Aksan , N. , & Dunbar , S. B. ( 2005 ). Pathways to conscience: Early mother–child mutually responsive orientation and children's moral emotion, conduct, and cognition . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 46 , 19 – 34 .
  • Kochanska , G. , Gross , J. N. , Lin , M. , & Nichols , K. E. ( 2002 ). Guilt in young children: Development, determinants, and relations with a broader system of standards . Child Development , 73 , 461 – 482 .
  • Kochanska , G. & Murray , K. T. ( 2000 ). Mother-child mutually responsive orientation and conscience development: From toddler to early school age . Child Development , 71 , 417 – 431 .
  • Laible , D. J. & Thompson , R. A. ( 2002 ). Mother–child conflict in the toddler years: Lessons in emotion, morality, and relationships . Child Development , 73 , 1187 – 1203 .
  • Lengua , L. L. & Kovacs , E. A. ( 2005 ). Bidirectional associations between temperament and parenting and the prediction of adjustment problems in middle school . Applied Developmental Psychology , 26 , 21 – 38 .
  • Lochman , J. E. , Boxmeyer , C. , Powell , N. , Roth , D. L. , & Windle , M. ( 2006 ). Masked intervention effects: Analytic methods for addressing low dosage of intervention . New Directions for Evaluation , 110 , 19 – 32 .
  • Lochman , J. E. , Phillips , N. C. , McElroy , H. K. , & Pardini , D. A. ( 2005 ). Conduct disorder in adolescence . In P. Graham (Ed.), Cognitive behaviour therapy for children and families ( , 2nd ed. , pp. 443 – 458 ). Cambridge , England : Cambridge University Press .
  • Loeber , R. & Farrington , D. P. ( 2000 ). Young children who commit crime: Epidemiology, developmental origins, risk factors, early interventions, and policy implications . Development and Psychopathology , 12 , 737 – 762 .
  • Loeber , R. , Green , S. M. , & Lahey , B. B. ( 1990 ). Mental health professionals' perceptions of the utility of children, mothers, and teachers as informants on child psychopathology . Journal of Clinical Child Psychology , 19 , 136 – 143 .
  • Loeber , R. , Green , S. M. , Lahey , B. B. , & Stouthamer-Loeber , M. ( 1989 ). Optimal informants on childhood disruptive behaviors . Development and Psychopathology , 1 , 317 – 337 .
  • Loeber , R. , Pardini , D. , Homish , D. L. , Wei , E. H. , Crawford , A. M. , et al. . ( 2005 ). The prediction of violence and homicide in young men . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 73 , 1074 – 1088 .
  • Lynam , D. R. , Caspi , A. , Moffitt , T. E. , Raine , A. , Loeber , R. , & Southamer-Loeber , M. ( 2005 ). Adolescent psychopathy and the Big Five: Results from two samples . Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 33 , 431 – 443 .
  • McDonald , R. P. & Ho , M.-H. R. ( 2002 ). Principles and practice in reporting structural equation analyses . Psychological Methods , 7 , 64 – 82 .
  • Mezzich , A. C. , Tarter , R. E. , Giancola , P. R. , Lu , S. , Kirisci , L. , & Parks , S. ( 1997 ). Substance use and risky sexual behaviors in female adolescents . Drug and Alcohol Dependence , 44 , 157 – 166 .
  • Moffitt , T. E. ( 2005 ). The new look of behavioral genetics in developmental psychopathology: Gene-environment interplay in antisocial behaviors . Psychological Bulletin , 131 , 533 – 554 .
  • Muthén , B. ( 2004 ). Mplus technical appendices . Los Angeles : Muthén & Muthén .
  • Muthén , L. K. & Muthén , B. O. ( 1998–2004 ). Mplus user's guide () , 3rd ed. . Los Angeles : Muthén & Muthén .
  • O'Brien , B. S. & Frick , P. J. ( 1996 ). Reward dominance: Associations with anxiety, conduct problems, and psychopathy in children . Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 24 , 223 – 240 .
  • O'Neill , M. L. , Lidz , V. , & Heilbrun , K. ( 2003 ). Predictors and correlates of psychopathic characteristics in substance abusing adolescents . International Journal of Forensic Mental Health , 2 , 35 – 45 .
  • Oxford , M. , Cavell , T. A. , & Hughes , J. N. ( 2003 ). Callous-unemotional traits moderate the relation between ineffective parenting and child externalizing problems: A partial replication and extension . Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology , 32 , 577 – 585 .
  • Pardini , D. ( 2006 ). The callousness pathway to severe violent delinquency . Aggressive Behavior , 32 , 590 – 598 .
  • Pardini , D. A. , Barry , T. D. , Barth , J. M. , Lochman , J. E. , & Wells , K. C. ( 2006 ). Self-perceived social acceptance and peer social standing in children with aggressive-disruptive behaviors . Social Development , 15 , 46 – 54 .
  • Pardini , D. A. & Lochman , J. E. ( 2003 ). Treatment for oppositional defiant disorder . In M. A. Reinecke , F. M. Dattilio , & A. Freeman (Eds.), Cognitive therapy with children and adolescents ( , 2nd ed. , pp. 43 – 69 ). New York : Guilford .
  • Pardini , D. A. , Lochman , J. E. , & Frick , P. J. ( 2003 ). Callous/unemotional traits and social-cognitive processes in adjudicated youths . Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , 42 , 364 – 371 .
  • Pardini , D. , Obradović , J. , & Loeber , R. ( 2006 ). Interpersonal callousness, hyperactivity/impulsivity, inattention, and conduct problems as precursors to delinquency persistence in boys: A comparison of three grade-based cohorts . Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology , 35 , 46 – 59 .
  • Patterson , C. J. , Kupersmidt , J. B. , & Griesler , P. C. ( 1990 ). Children's perceptions of self and of relationships with others as a function of sociometric status . Child Development , 61 , 1335 – 1349 .
  • Paulhus , D. L. , Robins , R. W. , Trzesniewski , K. H. , & Tracy , J. L. ( 2004 ). Two replicable suppressor situations in personality research . Multivariate Behavioral Research , 39 , 303 – 328 .
  • Piacentini , J. C. , Cohen , P. , & Cohen , C. ( 1992 ). Combining discrepant diagnostic information from multiple sources: Are complex algorithms better than simple ones? Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 20 , 51 – 63 .
  • Reynolds , C. R. & Kamphaus , R. W. ( 1992 ). Behavior Assessment System for Children (BASC) . Circle Pines , MN : American Guidance Services .
  • Rothbart , M. K. , Ahadi , S. A. , & Hershey , K. L. ( 1994 ). Temperament and social behavior in childhood . Merrill-Palmer Quarterly , 40 , 21 – 39 .
  • Shaw , D. S. , Gilliom , M. , Ingoldsby , E. M. , & Nagin , D. S. ( 2003 ). Trajectories leading to school-age conduct problems . Developmental Psychology , 39 , 189 – 200 .
  • Shelton , K. K. , Frick , P. J. , & Wootton , J. ( 1996 ). Assessment of parenting practices in families of elementary school-age children . Journal of Clinical Child Psychology , 25 , 317 – 329 .
  • Tremblay , R. E. , Pihl , R. O. , Viatro , F. , & Dobkin , P. L. ( 1994 ). Predicting early onset of male antisocial behavior from preschool behavior . Archives of General Psychiatry , 51 , 732 – 738 .
  • Viding , E. , Blair , J. B. , Moffitt , T. E. , & Plomin , R. ( 2005 ). Evidence for substantial genetic risk for psychopathy in 7 year olds . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 46 , 592 – 597 .
  • Viding , E. , Frick , P. J. , & Plomin , R. (2007). Aetiology of the relationship between callous-unemotional traits and conduct problems in childhood. British Journal of Psychiatry , 190, s33–s38.
  • Wootton , J. M. , Frick , P. J. , Shelton , K. K. , & Silverthorn , P. ( 1997 ). Ineffective parenting and childhood conduct problems: The moderating role of callous-unemotional traits . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 65 , 301 – 308 .
  • Young , S. K. , Fox , N. A. , & Zahn-Waxler , C. ( 1999 ). The relations between temperament and empathy in 2-year-olds . Developmental Psychology , 35 , 1189 – 1197 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.