Increased Antioxidant Potential and Decreased Free Radical Production in Response to Mild Injection of Crude Venom, Cerastes cerastes gasperetti

REFERENCES

• Abdullah S., Bilto Y., Disi A. Effects of sand viper Cerastes cerastes venom isolated smooth muscle and heart and on hematological and cardiovascular parameters in guinea pig. Toxicon 1992; 30: 1247–1255
   Google Scholar
• Al-Dokhi O. A., Haffor A. S. A. Epididymis toxicity of cadmium: transmission electron microscopic study. Egypt. J. Zoo. 2004; 43: 439–452
   Google Scholar
• Alhazza I. M., Haffor A. S. A. Effects of lead toxicity on free radical production in rats. J. Med. Sci. 2006; 7: 901–904
   Google Scholar
• Ali S. A., Hamid F., Abbasi A., Zaidi Z. H., Shehnaz D. Pharmacological effects of the leaf-nosed viper snake (Eristocophis macmahoni) venom and its HPLC fractions. Toxicon. 1998; 37: 1095–1107
   Google Scholar
• Al-Jammaz I., Al-Sadoon M. K., Fahim A. Effects of LD50 Dose of Echis coloratus venom on serum and tissue metabolites and some enzymes of male albino rats. J. King Saud Univ. 1998; 11: 61–68
   Google Scholar
• Al-Jammaz I., Al-Sadoon M. K., Fahim A., Attia M. A. The effects of Walterinnesia aegyptia venom on the serum and tissue metabolites and on some enzyme activities in Albino rats. III-Effects on lipid metabolism and two dehydrogenases. J. King Saud Univ. 1994; 6: 207–215
   Google Scholar
• Al-Johany A. M., Haffor A. S. A. Increased antioxidant and white blood cell counts and decreased free radical production during mild heat stress (MHS) in Uromastix egypyus. J. Med. Sci. 2005; 5(4)311–315
   Google Scholar
• Al-Johany A. M., Haffor A. S. A. Effects of cold temperature on the activities of glutathione peroxidase, lactate dehydrogenase and free radicals production in Uromastix egypyus. J. Med. Sci. 2007; 7: 408–412
   Google Scholar
• Al-Sadoon M. K., Haffor A. S. A. The effects of Cerastes Gasperetti venom on hepatocyte mitochondria ultrastructure and blood cells count. J. Med. Sci. 2005; 5(4)254–260
   Google Scholar
• Al-Sadoon M., Jarrar B. M. A study of the frequency and incidence of scorpion stings and snakebites in Riyadh city. J. King Saud Univ. 1994; 6: 217–266
   Google Scholar
• Al-Shammary F. J., Ghnim H. K., Al-Sadoon M. K., Naseh A. M. The effect of crude cerastes cerastes gasprattii venom on the activity of key metabolic enzymes in cultured human fibroblasts. Ann. Saudi Med. 1992; 12: 201–205
   Google Scholar
• Arthur C. K., McCallum D., Loveday D. J., Collins A., Isbister J. P., Fisher M. M. Effects of taipan (Oxyuranus scutellatus) venom on erythrocyte morphology and blood viscosity in a human victim in vivo and in vitro. Trans. Royal Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 1990; 28: 401–403
   Google Scholar
• Bultron E., Thelestam M., Gutierrez J. M. Effects on cultured mammalian cells of myotoxin III, a phospholipase A2 isolated from Bothrops asper (teriopelo) venom. Biochem. Biophys. Acta Mol. Cell Res. 1992; 1179: 253–259
   Google Scholar
• Casperetti J. Snakes in Arabia. J. Saudi Nat. Hist. Soc. 1977; 19: 3–16
   Google Scholar
• Condrea E., Vries A. D. Hemolysis and splitting of human erythrocyte phospholipids by snake venoms. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 1963; 84: 60–73
   Google Scholar
• Davidson J. F., Schiestl R. H. Mitochondrial respiratory electron carriers are involved in oxidative stress during heat stress in saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Cell Biol. 2001; 21: 8483–8489
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dawson T. L., Gores G. J., Nieminen A. L., Herman B., Lemasters J. J. Mitochondria as a source of reactive oxygen species during reductive stress in rat hepatocytes. Am. J. Physiol. 1993; 264: C961–C967
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dong J. S., Mi H. P., Sang J. C., Soon O. M., Jae W. L., Ho S. S., Dong C. M., Sang S. K., Young E. K., Jin T. H. Inhibitory effect of snake venom toxin from Vipera lebetina on hormone-refractory human prostate cancer cell growth: Induction of apoptosis through inactivation of nuclear factor κB. Mol. Cancer Ther. 2007; 6: 675–683
   Google Scholar
• Dustan H. P., Roccella E. J., Garrison H. H. Controlling hypertension: a research success story. Arch. Intern. Med. 1996; 156: 1926–1935
   Google Scholar
• Flachsenberger W., Leigh C. M., Mirtschin P. J. Sphero-echinocytosis of human red blood cells caused by snake, red-back spider, bee and blue-ringed octopus venoms and its inhibition by snake sera. Toxicon 1994; 33: 791–797
   Google Scholar
• Fletcher J. E., Jiang M. S., Gong Q. H., Yudkowsky M. L., Wieland S. J. Effects of a cardiotoxin from Naja kaouthia venom on skeletal muscle: involvement of calcium ion currents and phspholipases A2 and C. Toxicon 1991; 29: 1489–1500
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fletcher J. E., Jiang M. S., Trippolitis L., Smith L. A., Beech J. Interactions in red blood cells between fatty acids and either snake venom cardiotoxin or halothane. Toxicon 1990; 28: 657–667
   Google Scholar
• Haffor A. S. A. Effects of O2 breathing on cardiac mitochondrial, GOT, and free radical production. J. Med. Sci. 2004; 4: 164–169
   Google Scholar
• Haffor A. S. A., Abou-Tarboush F. M. Testicular cellular toxicity: transmission electron microscopy examination. J. Environ. Biol. 2004; 25(3)251–258
   Google Scholar
• Haffor A. S. A., Al-Ayed M. I. The effect of lead bioaccumulation on haem biosynthesis. J. Environ. Biol. 2003; 24(3)271–280
   Google Scholar
• Haffor A. S. A., Al-Dokhi O. A. Endothelial cell toxicity of cadmium: transmission electron microscopy examination. Pakistan J. Biol. Sci. 2004; 7(95)782–788
   Google Scholar
• Haffor A. S. A., Alhazza I. M. Effects of lead and hyperoxia on lactate dehydrogenase activity in rats. J. Med. Sci. 2007; 7(3)452–456
   Google Scholar
• Haffor A. S. A., Al-Johany A. M. Effect of heat stress, hypoxia, hypoxia-hyperoxia on free radical production in mice, Mus Musculus. J. Med. Sci. 2005; 5(2)89–94
   Google Scholar
• Health and Diagnostic Manual. 2002; 40–43, FRAS IV, Paroma
   Google Scholar
• Heinecke J. W. Mechanisms of oxidative damage of low-density lipoprotein in human atherosclerosis. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 1997; 8: 268–274
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang T. F., Liu C. Z., Quyang C., Teng C. M. Halysin, an antiplatlet arg-gly-asp-containing snake venom peptide, as fibrinogen receptor antagonist. Biochem. Pharm. 1991; 42: 1209–1219
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang M. S., Fletcher J. E., Smith L. A. Factors influencing the hemolysis of human erythrocytes by cardiotoxins from Naja kouthia and naja naja atra venoms and a phospholipase A2 with cardiotoxin-like activities from Bungarus fasciatus venom. Toxicon 1988; 27: 247–257
   Google Scholar
• Kamiguti A. S., Laing G. D., Lowe G. M., Zuzel M., Warrell D. A., Theakston R. D. G. Biological properties of the venom of the Papuan black snake, Pseudechis papuanus. Toxicon 1994; 32(8)915–925
   Google Scholar
• Kehrer J. P., Lund L. G. Cellular reducing equivalents and oxidative stress. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 1994; 17: 65–75
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kinscherf R., Claus R., Wagner M., Gehrke C., Kamencic H., Hou D., Nauen O., Schmidt W., Kovacs G., Pill J. Apoptosis caused by iodized LDL is manganese superoxide dismutase and p53 dependent. FASEB J. 1998; 12: 461–467
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Komori Y., Nikai T., Sekido C., Fuwa M., Sugihara H. Biochemical characterization of hemorrhageic toxin from crotalus viridis viridis venom. Int. J. Biochem. 1994; 26: 1411–1418
   Google Scholar
• Mahaba H. M. Snakesbites: epidemiology, prevention, clinical presentation. Saudi Med. J. 2000; 20(1)66–68
   Google Scholar
• Mohamed A. H., Saleh A. M., Ahmed S., El-Maghraby M. Effect of Cerastes vipra snake venom on blood and bone marrow cells. Toxicon 1977; 15: 35–40
   Google Scholar
• Muszbek L., Hauck M. Fragmentation of actin by thrombin-like snake venom proteases. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 1978; 577: 34–43
   Google Scholar
• Navab M., Imes S. S., Hama S. Y., Hough G. P., Ross L. A., Bork R. A., Valente A. J., Berliner J. A., Drinkwater D. C., Laks H. Monocyte transmigration induced by modification of low-density lipoproteins in co-cultures of human aortic wall cells is due to induction of monocyte chemotactic protein 1 synthesis, and is abolished by high-density lipoprotein. J. Clin. Invest 1991; 88: 2039–2046
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nishio E., Arimura S., Watanabe Y. Oxidized LDL induces apoptosis in cultured smooth muscle cells: a possible role for 7-ketocholesterol. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1996; 223: 413–418
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petranka J., Zhao J., Norris J., Tweedy N. B., Ware R. E., Sims P. J., Rosse W. F. Structure-function relationships of the complement regulatory protein, CD59. Blood Cell. Mol. Dis. 1996; 22: 281–296
   Google Scholar
• Steinberg D., Lewis A. Corner memorial lecture: Oxidative modification of LDL and parthenogenesis. Circulation 1997; 95: 1062–1071
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vane J. R. The history of inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 1999; 50: 489–498
   Google Scholar