ECOTOXICITY OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER AND ITS ACETATE

REFERENCES

• , American Society for Testing and Materials. 1994. Standard guide for conducting static acute toxicity tests starting with embryos of four species of salt water bivalve mollusc. ASTM Annual Book of Standards, Vol. 11.05, 223–240. Philadelphia: ASTM.
   Google Scholar
• , Association Française de Normalisation. 2000a. Détermination de la toxicité chronique vis-à-vis le Brachionus calyciflorus en 48 h. NFT 90-377. Paris: AFNOR.
   Google Scholar
• , Association Française de Normalisation. 2000b. Qualité de l'Eau: Evaluation de la génotoxicité au moyen de larves d'amphibiens (Xenopus laevis, Pleurodeles waltl). NFT 90-325. Paris: AFNOR.
   Google Scholar
• Bantle, J., Dumont, J., Finch, R., and Linder, G. 1990. Atlas of Abnormalities: A Guide for the Performance of FETAX. Stillwater, OK: Oklahoma State Publications Department.
   Google Scholar
• Bensoam, J., Cicolella, A., and Dujardin, R. 1999. Improved extraction of glycol ethers from water by solid-phase micro extraction by carboxen polydimethylsiloxane-coated fiber. Chromatographia 50: 155–159.
   Google Scholar
• Bernardini, G., Vismara, C., Boracchi, P., and Camatini, M. 1994. Lethality, teratogenicity and growth inhibition of heptanol in Xenopus assayed by a modified frog embryo teratogenesis assay-Xenopus (FETAX) procedure. Sci. Total Environ. 151: 1–8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bowden, H. C., Wilby, O. K., Botham, C. A., Adam, P. J., and Ross, F. W. 1995. Assessment of the toxic and potential teratogenic effects of four glycol ethers and two derivatives using the Hydra regeneration assay and rat whole embryo culture. Toxicol. In Vitro 9: 773–781.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bridié, A. L., Wolff, C. J. M., and Winter, M. 1979. The acute toxicity of some petrochemicals to goldfish. Water Res. 13: 623–626.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bringmann, G. 1978. Bestimmung der biologischen Schadwirkung wassergefährdender Stoffe gegen Protozoen. I. Bakterienfressende Flagellaten (Modellorganismus: Entosiphon sulcatum Stein). Z. Wasser Abwasser Forsch. 11: 210–215.
   Google Scholar
• Bringmann, G., and Kühn, R. 1977a. Grenzwerte der Schadwirkung wassergefährdender Stoffe gegen Bakterien ( Pseudomonas putida) und Grünalgen ( Scenedesmus quadricauda) im Zellvermehrungshemmtest. Z. Wasser Abwasser Forsch. 10: 87–98.
   Google Scholar
• Bringmann, G., and Kühn, R. 1977b. Befunde der Schadwirkung wassergefährdender Stoffe gegen Daphnia magna. Z. Wasser Abwasser Forsch. 10: 161–166.
   Google Scholar
• Bringmann, G., and Kühn, R. 1978. Testing of substances for their toxicity threshold: model organisms Microcystis (Diplocystis) aeruginosa and Scenedesmus quadricauda Mitt. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 21: 275–284.
   Google Scholar
• Bringmann, G., and Kühn, R. 1980. Bestimmung der biologischen Schadwirkung wassergefährdender Stoffe gegen Protozoen. II. Bakterienfressende Ciliaten. Z. Wasser Abwasser Forsch. 13: 26–31.
   Google Scholar
• Bringmann, G., and Kühn, R. 1982. Ergebnisse der Schadwirkung wassergefährdender Stoffe gegen Daphnia magna in einem weiterentwickelten standardisierten Testverfahren. Z. Wasser Abwasser Forsch. 15: 1–6.
   Google Scholar
• Bringmann, G., Kühn, R., and Winter, A. 1980. Bestimmung der biologischen Schadwirkung wassergefährdender Stoffe gegen Protozoen. III. Saprozoische Flagellaten. Z. Wasser Abwasser Forsch. 13: 170–173.
   Google Scholar
• Calabrese, A., Collier, R. S., Nelson, D. A., and Miller, J. E. 1973. The toxicity of heavy metals to embryos of the American oyster Crassostrea virginica. Mar. Biol. 18: 162–166.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cicolella, A. 1992. Les éthers de glycol: Etat actuel des connaissances, perspectives de recherche. Cah. Notes Doc. 148: 359–378.
   Google Scholar
• Cicolella, A. 2000. Ethers de glycol. In Encyclopédic Médico-Chirurgicale. Elsevier, Toxicol. Pathol. Prof. 16-047-D-10, p. 13.
   Google Scholar
• Daston, G. P., Rogers, J. M., Versteeg, D. J., Sabourin, T. D., Baines, D., and Marsh, S. S. 1991. Interspecies comparisons of A/D ratios: A/D ratios are not constant across species. Fund. Appl. Toxicol. 17: 696–722.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dawson, G. W., Jennings, A. L., Drozdowski, D., and Rider, E. 1975/77. The acute toxicity of 47 industrial chemicals to fresh and saltwater fishes. J. Haz. Mat. 1: 303–318.
   Google Scholar
• Devillers, J., Chezeau, A., Cicolella, A., and Thybaud, E. 2001. Environmental fate and ecotoxicological effects of glycol ethers. In Handbook of Solvents, ed. G. Wypych, 1169–1187. Toronto: ChemTec Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Devillers, J., Chezeau, A., Poulsen, V., and Thybaud, E. 2002. Effects of ethylene glycol ethers on the reproduction of Ceriodaphnia dubia. Chemosphere (in press).
   Google Scholar
• Eckel, W., Foster, G., and Ross, B. 1996. Glycol ethers as ground water contaminants. Occup. Hyg. 2: 97–104.
   Google Scholar
• , Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale. 1999. Ethers de Glycol: Quels Risques Pour la Santé? Paris: INSERM.
   Google Scholar
• , ISO (The International Organization for Standardization). 1993. Water quality. Fresh water algal growth inhibition test with Scenedesmus subspicatus and Selenastrum capricornutum. NF EN 28692, ISO 8692. Paris: ISO.
   Google Scholar
• , ISO (The International Organization for Standardization). 1996. Water quality. Determination of the inhibition of the mobility of Daphnia magna Straus (Cladocera, Crustacea): acute toxicity test. NF EN ISO 6341. Paris: ISO.
   Google Scholar
• Johanson, G. 1996. An overview of glycol ethers metabolism and toxicokinetics. Occup. Hyg. 2: 5–24.
   Google Scholar
• Johnson, E. M., Gabel, B. E. G., and Larson, J. 1984. Developmental toxicity and structure/activity correlates of glycols and glycol ethers. Environ. Health Perspect. 57: 135–139.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Juhnke, I., and Lüdemann, D. 1978. Ergebnisse der Untersuchung von 200 chemischen Verbindungen auf akute Fischtoxizität mit dem Goldorfentest. Z. Wasser Abwasser Forsch. 11: 161–164.
   Google Scholar
• Könemann, H. 1981. Quantitative structure-activity relationships in fish toxicity studies. Part 1: Relationship for 50 industrial pollutants. Toxicology 19: 209–221.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lynch, D., and Toraason, M. 1996. 2-Ethoxyethanol and 2-methoxyethanol developmental toxicity in Drosophila. Occup. Hyg. 2: 171–174.
   Google Scholar
• MacGill, R., Tuckey, J. W., and Larsen, W. A. 1978. Variations of box plots. Am. Statist. 32: 12–16.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nieuwkoop, P., and Faber, J. 1956. Normal Table of Xenopus laevis. Amsterdam: Daudin.
   Google Scholar
• , National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health. 1991. Occupational Exposure to Ethylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether, Ethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether, and Their Acetates, 296. Washington, D. C.: U. S. Department of Health and Human Services.
   Google Scholar
• , Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. 1992. Fish, acute toxicity test. Guideline 203. Paris: OECD.
   Google Scholar
• , Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. 1998. Daphnia magna reproduction test. Guideline 211. Paris: OECD.
   Google Scholar
• Price, K. S., Waggy, G. T., and Conway, R. A. 1974. Brine shrimp bioassay and seawater BOD of petrochemicals. J. Water Pollut. Control Fed. 46: 63–77.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quiniou, F., and Alzieu, C. 1999. L'analyse des risques chimiques appliquée aux dragages. In Dragages et Environnement Marin: Etat des Connaissances, 127–147. Paris: IFREMER.
   Google Scholar
• Radix, P., Léonard, M., Papantoniou, C., Roman, G., Saouter, E., Gallotti-Schmitt, S., Thiébaud, H., and Vasseur, P. 1999. Comparison of Brachionus calyciflorus 2-D and Microtox chronic 22-h tests with Daphnia magna 21-d test for the chronic toxicity assessment of chemicals. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 18: 2178–2185.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Raymond, M. 1985. Présentation d'un programme d'analyse log-probit pour micro-ordinateur. Cah. Orstom Ser. Ent. Méd. Parasitol. 22: 117–121.
   Google Scholar
• Tsuji, S., Tonogai, Y., Ito, Y., and Kanoh, S. 1986. The influence of rearing temperatures on the toxicity of various environmental pollutants for killifish (Oryzias latipes) Eisei Kagaku 32: 46–53.
   Google Scholar
• , UNICHIM (Associazione per l'Unificazione nel Settore dell' Industria Chemica). 1996. Qualità dell'acqua: determinazione degli effetti tossici, teratogeni e di ritardo di sviluppo indotti sull'embrione di Xenopus laevis da sostanze chimiche solubili in acqua. Metodo N. 1068. UNICHIM.
   Google Scholar
• Weber, C. I., and Peltier, W. H. 1985. Methods for measuring the acute toxicity of effluents to freshwater and marine organisms. U. S. E. P. A./600/4-85-013. Washington, D. C.: E. P. A.
   Google Scholar