1,762
Views
3
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Intersectionality of race, class, and gender in predicting police satisfaction

, &
Pages 321-338 | Received 01 Jan 2019, Accepted 17 Aug 2019, Published online: 06 Sep 2019

References

  • Baskin-Sommers, A. R., Baskin, D. R., Sommers, I. B., & Newman, J. P. (2013). The intersectionality of sex, race, and psychopathology in predicting violent crimes. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 40(10), 1068–1091. doi:10.1177/0093854813485412
  • Brah, A., & Phoenix, A. (2004). Ain't I a woman? Revisiting intersectionality. Journal of International Women 's Studies, 5(3), 75–86. Retrieved from https://vc.bridgew.edu/jiws/vol5/iss3.8
  • Bridenball, B., & Jesilow, P. (2008). What matters: The formation of attitudes toward the police. Police Quarterly, 11(2), 151–181. doi:10.1177/1098611107313942
  • Brown, K., & Coulter, P. B. (1983). Subjective and objective measures of police service delivery. Public Administration Review, 43(1), 50–58. doi:10.2307/975299
  • Brunson, R. (2007). Police don’t like black people: African-American young men’s accumulated police experiences. Criminology & Public Policy, 6(1), 71–101. doi:10.1111/j.1745-9133.2007.00423.x
  • Bumphus, V. W., Kule, A., & Iles, G. (2017, March). Predicting general and specific attitudes regarding the Police: An examination of interaction types. Paper presented at the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences, Kansas Missouri.
  • Cao, L. (2001). A problem in no-problem-policing in Germany: Confidence in the police, Germany and USA. European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice, 9(3), 167–179. doi:10.1163/15718170120519390
  • Cao, L., Frank, J., & Cullen, F. T. (1996). Race, community context and confidence in the police. American Journal of Police, 15(1), 3–22. doi:10.1108/07358549610116536
  • Carbado, D. W., & Gulati, M. (2000-2001). The fifth black women. Journal of Contemporary Legal Issues, 11, 701–729. Retrieved from https://scholarship.law.duke.edu/faculty_scholarship/1282
  • Carr, P. J., Napolitano, L., & Keating, J. (2007). We never call the cops and here is why: A qualitative examination of legal cynicism in three Philadelphia neighborhoods. Criminology, 45(2), 445–480. doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.2007.00084.x
  • Chesney-Lind, M., & Sheldon, R. (1992). Girls, delinquency and juvenile justice. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company.
  • Cochran, J. C., & Warren, P. Y. (2012). Racial, ethnic, and gender differences in perceptions of the police: The salience of officer race within the context of racial profiling. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 28(2), 206–227. doi:10.1177/1043986211425726
  • Collins, T., & Moyer, L. (2008). Gender, race, and intersectionality on the federal appellate bench. Political Research Quarterly, 61(2), 219–227. doi:10.1177/1065912907306467
  • Correia, M. E., Reisig, M. D., & Lovrich, N. P. (1996). Public perceptions of state police: An analysis of individual-level and contextual variables. Journal of Criminal Justice, 24(1), 17–28. doi:10.1016/0047-2352(95)00049-6
  • Crawford, C., & Burns, R. (2008). Police use of force: Assessing the impact of time and space. Policing and Society, 18(3), 322–335. doi:10.1080/10439460802292926
  • Crenshaw, K. W. (1989). Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: A black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory, and antiracist politics. University of Chicago Legal Forum, 14, 139–167. Retrieved from http://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/uclf/vol1989/iss1/8
  • Crenshaw, K. W. (1991). Mapping the margins: Intersectionality, identity politics, and violence against women of color. Stanford Law Review, 43(6), 1241–1299. doi:10.2307/1229039
  • Davis, J. R. (1990). A comparison of attitudes toward the New York City Police. Journal of Police Science and Administration, 17(4), 233–243.
  • Dhamoon, R. K. (2011). Considerations on mainstreaming intersectionality. Political Research Quarterly, 64(1), 230–243. doi:10.1177/1065912910379227
  • Dowler, K. (2002). Media influence on citizen attitudes toward police effectiveness. Policing and Society, 12(3), 227–238. doi:10.1080/10439460290032369
  • Dowler, K., & Sparks, R. (2008). Victimization, contact with police, and neighborhood conditions: Reconsidering African American and Hispanic attitudes toward the police. Police Practice and Research, 9(5), 395–415. doi:10.1080/15614260801980760
  • Dukes, R. L., & Hughes, R. H. (2004). Victimization, citizen fear, and attitudes toward police. Free Inquiry in Creative Sociology, 32(1), 51–58. Retrieved from http://ojs.library.okstate.edu/osu/index.php/FICS/article/viewFile/1519/1350
  • Feagin, J. R., & Sikes, M. P. (1994). Living with racism: The black middle class experience. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.
  • Frank, J., Smith, B. W., & Novak, K. J. (2005). Exploring the basis of citizens’ attitudes toward the police. Police Quarterly, 8(2), 206–228. doi:10.1177/1098611103258955
  • Hancock, A. M. (2007). When multiplication doesn't equal quick addition: Examining intersectionality as a research paradigm. Perspectives on Politics, 5(01), 63–79. doi:10.1017/S1537592707070065
  • Hankivksy, O., & Cormier, R. (2011). Intersectionality and public policy: Some lessons from existing models. Political Research Quarterly, 64(1), 217–229. doi:10.1177/1065912910376385
  • Hurst, Y., McDermott, M. J., & Thomas, D. L. (2005). The attitudes of girls toward the police: Differences by race. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 28(4), 578–593. doi:10.1108/13639510510628677
  • Jesilow, P., Meyer, J., & Namazzi, N. (1995). Public attitudes toward the police. American Journal of Police, 14(2), 67–88. doi:10.1108/07358549510102767
  • Kusow, A. M., Wilson, L. C., & Martin, D. E. (1997). Determinants of citizen satisfaction with the police: The effects of residential location. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 20(4), 655–664. doi:10.1108/13639519710192887
  • Kwak, H., Dierenfeldt, R., & McNeeley, S. (2019). The code of the street and cooperation with the police: Do codes of violence, procedural injustice, and police ineffectiveness discourage reporting violent victimization to the police?. Journal of Criminal Justice, 60, 25–34. doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2018.11.001
  • Lee, J., & Gibbs, J. (2015). Race and attitudes toward police: The mediating effect of social distance. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 38(2), 314–332. doi:10.1108/PIJPSM-03-2015-0034
  • Marchetti, E. (2008). Intersectional race and gender analysis: Why legal process don’t get it. Social & Legal Studies, 17(2), 155–174. doi:10.1177/0964663908089609
  • Mbuba, J. M. (2007). Race and women in crime: A longitudinal and cross-sectional comparison of arrests for Black and Latino females with White females. International Journal of Criminal Justice Sciences, 2(2), 101–108. Retrieved from https://www.sascv.org/ijcjs/mbuba.html
  • Mbuba, J. M. (2010). Attitudes toward the police: The significance of race and other factors among college students. Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice, 8(3), 201–215. doi:10.1080/15377938.2010.502846
  • McCall, L. (2005). The complexity of intersectionality. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 30(3), 1771–1800. doi:10.1086/426800
  • Miller, J., & Davis, R. (2008). Unpacking public attitudes to the police: Contrasting perceptions of misconduct with traditional measures of satisfaction. International Journal of Police Science & Management, 10(1), 9–22. doi:10.1350/ijps.2008.10.1.9
  • Murty, K. S., Roebuck, J. B., & Smith, J. D. (1990). The image of the police in black Atlanta communities. Journal of Police Science and Administration, 17(4), 250–257.
  • Nofziger, S., & Williams, L. (2005). Perceptions of police and safety in a small town. Police Quarterly, 8(2), 248–270. doi:10.1177/1098611103258959
  • O’Brien, R. (1999). Measuring the convergence/divergence of “serious crime” arrest rates for males and females: 1960–1995. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 15(1), 97–114. doi:10.1023/A:1001834210816
  • O’Connor, C. D. (2008). Citizen attitudes toward the police in Canada. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 31(4), 578–595. doi:10.1108/13639510810910571
  • Phoenix, A., & Pattynama, P. (2006). Editorial: Intersectionality. European Journal of Women's Studies, 13(3), 187–192. Retrieved from https://journals.sagepub.com doi:10.1177/1350506806065751
  • Reisig, M. D., & Giacomazzi, A. L. (1998). Citizen perceptions of community policing: Are attitudes toward police important? Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 21(3), 547–561. doi:10.1108/13639519810228822
  • Rowe, D., Vazsonyi, A., & Flannery, D. (1995). Sex differences in crime: Do means and within-sex variation have similar cause? Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 32(1), 84–100. doi:10.1177/0022427895032001004
  • Sampson, R. J., & Bartusch, D. J. (1998). Legal cynicism and (subcultural?) tolerance of deviance: The neighborhood context of racial differences. Law & Society Review, 32(4), 777–804. doi:10.2307/827739
  • Saatcioglu, B., & Corus, C. (2014). Poverty and intersectionality: A multidimensional look into the lives of impoverished. Journal of Macromarketing, 32(2), 122–132. doi:10.1177/0276146713520600
  • Schuck, A. M., & Rosenbaum, D. P. (2005). Global and neighborhood attitudes toward the police: Differentiation by race, ethnicity, and type of contact. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 21(4), 391–418. doi:10.1007/s10940-005-7356-5
  • Skogan, W. G. (2006). Asymmetry in the impact of encounters with police. Policing and Society, 16(2), 99–126. doi:10.1080/10439460600662098
  • Skolnick, J. H., & Bayley, D. H. (1988). Theme and variation in community policing. In M. Tonry & N. Morris (Eds.). Crime and Justice, 10, 1–37. doi:10.1086/449142
  • Steffensmeier, D., & Allan, E. (1996). Gender and crime: Toward a gendered theory of female offending. Annual Review of Sociology, 22(1), 459–487. doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.22.1.459
  • Taylor, T. J., Turner, K. B., Esbensen, F., & Winfree, L. T. (2001). Coppin’ an attitude – attitudinal differences among juveniles toward police. Journal of Criminal Justice, 29(4), 295–305. doi:10.1016/S0047-2352(01)00089-7
  • Walker, S., & Katz, C. (2001). The police in America (4th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
  • Walker, S., & Katz, C. (2011). The police in America: An introduction (7th ed.). New York, NY: McCraw-Hill.
  • Weitzer, R., & Tuch, S. (2004). Race perceptions of police misconduct. Social Problems, 51(3), 305–325. doi:10.1525/sp.2004.51.3.305
  • Wu, Y., Sun, I., & Triplett, R. (2009). Race, class or neighborhood context: Which matters more in measuring satisfaction with police?. Justice Quarterly, 26(1), 125–156. doi:10.1080/07418820802119950
  • Yim, Y., & Schafer, B. D. (2009). Police and their perceived image: How community influence officers’ job satisfaction. Police Practice and Research, 10(1), 17–29. doi:10.1080/15614260802128658

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.