Expression and clinical implication of cyclooxygenase-2 and E-cadherin in oral squamous cell carcinomas

References

• Greenlee RT, Hill-Harmon MB, Murray T, Thun M. Cancer statistics, 2001. CA Cancer J Clin. 2001;51:15–36. doi:10.3322/canjclin.51.1.15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wells A. Yates C and Shepard CR. E-cadherin as an indicator of mesenchymal to epithelial reverting transitions during the metastatic seeding of disseminated carcinomas. Clin Exp Metastasis. 2008;25(6):621–628. doi:10.1007/s10585-008-9167-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pannone G, Santoro A, Feola A, Bufo P, Papagerakis P, Lo Muzio L, Staibano S, Ionna F, Longo F, Franco R, et al. The role of E-cadherin down-regulation in oral cancer: CDH1 gene expression and epigenetic blockage. Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2014;14(2):115–127. doi:10.2174/1568009613666131126115012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cano A, Perez-Moreno MA, Rodrigo I, Locascio A, Blanco MJ, Del Barrio MG, Portillo F, Nieto MA. The transcription factor snail controls epithelial-mesenchymal transitions by repressing E-cadherin expression. Nat Cell Biol. 2000;2(2):76–83. doi:10.1038/35000025.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higgins DF, Kimura K, Bernhardt WM, Shrimanker N, Akai Y, Hohenstein B, Saito Y, Johnson RS, Kretzler M, Cohen CD, et al. Hypoxia promotes fibrogenesis in vivo via HIF-1 stimulation of epithelial to-mesenchymal transition. J Clin Invest. 2007;117(12):3810–3820. doi:10.1172/JCI30487.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Visco V, Belleudi F, Marchese C, Leone L, Aimati L, Cardinali G, Kovacs D, Frati L, Torrisi MR. Differential response to keratinocyte growth factor receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor ligands of proliferating and differentiating intestinal epithelial cells. J Cell Physiol. 2004;200(1):31–44. doi:10.1002/jcp.10385.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D’Amici S, Ceccarelli S, Vescarelli E, Romano F, Frati L, Marchese C, Angeloni A. TNFα modulates Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 gene expression through the pRB/E2F1 pathway: identification of a non-canonical E2F binding motif. PLoS One. 2013;8(4):e61491. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0061491.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan G, Boyle JO, Yang EK, Zhang F, Sacks PG, Shah JP, Edelstein D, Soslow RA, Koki AT, Woerner BM, et al. Cyclooxygenase-2 expression is up-regulated in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Cancer Res. 1999;59:991–994.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallo O, Franchi A, Magnelli L, Sardi I, Vannacci A, Boddi V, Chiarugi V, Masini E. Cyclooxygenase-2 pathway correlates with VEGF expression in head and neck cancer. Implications for tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. Neoplasia. 2001;3:53–61. doi:10.1038/sj.neo.7900127.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kyzas PA, Stefanou D, Agnantis NJ. COX-2 expression correlates with VEGF-C and lymph node metastases in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Mod Pathol. 2005;18:153–160. doi:10.1038/modpathol.3800244.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsujii M, DuBois RN. Alterations in cellular adhesion and apoptosis in epithelial cells overexpressing prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2. Cell. 1995;83:493–501. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90127-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou Y, Ran J, Tang C, Wu J, Honghua L, Xingwen L, Chen N, Qiao L. Effect of celecoxib on E-cadherin, VEGF, microvessel density and apoptosis in gastric cancer. Cancer Biol Ther. 2007;6:269–275. doi:10.4161/cbt.6.2.3629.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gately S, Kerbel R. Therapeutic potential of selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors in the management of tumor angiogenesis. Prog Exp Tumor Res. 2003;37:179–192.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cao XP1, Zhang ST, Wu HY, Liu XJ, Zhang YY. Relationship between the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and microvessel density in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2005;23(5):431–433.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pannone G, Bufo P, Caiaffa MF, Serpico R, Lanza A, Lo Muzio L, Rubini C, Staibano S, Petruzzi M, De Benedictis M, et al. Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2004;17(3):273–282. doi:10.1177/039463200401700307.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schlingemann RO, Rietveld FJR, Dewaal RMW, Bradley NJ, Skene AI, Davies AJS, Greaves MF, Denekamp J, Ruiter DJ. Leukocyte antigen CD34 is expressed by a subset of cultured endothelial cells and on endothelial abluminal microprocesses in the tumor stroma. Lab Invest. 1990;62(6):690–696.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siemerink MJ, Klaassen I, Vogels IM, Griffioen AW, Van Noorden CJ, Schlingemann RO. CD34 marks angiogenic tip cells in human vascular endothelial cell cultures. Angiogenesis. 2012;15(1):151–163. doi:10.1007/s10456-011-9251-z.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fiedler U, Christian S, Koidl S, Kerjaschki D, Emmett MS, Bates DO, Christofori G, Augustin HG. The sialomucin CD34 is a marker of lymphatic endothelial cells in human tumors. Am J Pathol. 2006;168(3):1045–1053. doi:10.2353/ajpath.2006.050554.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jain RK, Carmeliet PF. Vessels of death or life. Sci Am. 2001;285(6):38–45. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican1201-38.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fidler IJ. Angiogenesis and cancer metastasis. Cancer J. 2000;6(Suppl 2):S134–41.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Woolgar AJ. Histopathological prognosticators in oral andoropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Oncol. 2006;42:229–239. doi:10.1016/j.oraloncology.2005.05.008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saharinen P, Tammela T, Karkkainen MJ, Alitalo K. Lymphatic vasculature: development, molecular regulation and role in tumor metastasis and inflammation. Trends Immunol. 2004;25:387–395. doi:10.1016/j.it.2004.05.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hillen F, Griffioen AW. Tumour vascularization: sprouting angiogenesis and beyond. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2007;26(3–4):489–502. doi:10.1007/s10555-007-9094-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carmeliet P, Jain RK. Molecular mechanisms and clinical applications of angiogenesis. Nature. 2011;473(7347):298–307. doi:10.1038/nature10144.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carmeliet P, Jain RK. Principles and mechanisms of vessel normalization for cancer and other angiogenic diseases. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2011;10(6):417–427. doi:10.1038/nrd3455.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Langer R, Conn H, Vacanti J, Haudenschild C, Folkman J. Control of tumor growth in animals by infusion of an angiogenesis inhibitor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980;77(7):4331–4335. doi:10.1073/pnas.77.7.4331.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Folkman J. Angiogenesis: initiation and control. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1982;401:212–227. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1982.tb25720.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Folkman J. Angiogenesis. Annu Rev Med. 2006;57:1–18. doi:10.1146/annurev.med.57.121304.131306.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerhardt H, Golding M, Fruttiger M, Ruhrberg C, Lundkvist A, Abramsson A, Jeltsch M, Mitchell C, Alitalo K, Shima D, et al. VEGF guides angiogenic sprouting utilizing endothelial tip cell filopodia. J Cell Biol. 2003;161(6):1163–1177. doi:10.1083/jcb.200302047.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsujii M, Kawano S, DuBois RN. Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human colon cancer cells increases metastatic potential. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997;94:3336–3340. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.7.3336.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morita Y, Hata K, Nakanishi M, Nishisho T, Yura Y, Yoneda T. Cyclooxygenase-2 promotes tumor lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oncol. 2012;41(3):885–892. doi:10.3892/ijo.2012.1529.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sumitani K, Kamijo R, Toyoshima T, Nakanishi Y, Takizawa K, Hatori M, Nagumo M. Specific inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 results in inhibition of proliferation of oral cancer cell lines via suppression of prostaglandin E2 production. J Oral Pathol Med. 2001;30(1):41–47. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0714.2001.300107.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Minter HA, Eveson JW, Huntley S, Elder DJ, Hague A. The cyclooxygenase 2-selective inhibitor NS398 inhibits proliferation of oral carcinoma cell lines by mechanisms dependent and independent of reduced prostaglandin E2 synthesis. Clin Cancer Res. 2003;9(5):1885–1897.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ranelletti FO, Almadori G, Rocca B, Ferrandina G, Ciabattoni G, Habib A, Galli J, Maggiano N, Gessi M, Lauriola L. Prognostic significance of cyclooxygenase-2 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Cancer. 2001;95(6):343–349. doi:10.1002/1097-0215(20011120)95:6<343::aid-ijc1060>3.0.co;2-d.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallo O, Masini E, Bianchi B, Bruschini L, Paglierani M, Franchi A. Prognostic significance of cyclooxygenase-2 pathway and angiogenesis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Hum Pathol. 2002;33(7):708–714. doi:10.1053/hupa.2002.125376.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peng JP, Su CY, Chang HC, Chai CY, Hung WC. Overexpression of cyclo-oxygenase 2 in squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx. Hum Pathol. 2002;33(1):100–104. doi:10.1053/hupa.2002.30187.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Renkonen J, Wolff H, Paavonen T. Expression of cyclo-oxygenase-2 in human tongue carcinoma and its precursor lesions. Virchows Arch. 2002;440(6):594–597. doi:10.1007/s00428-002-0616-y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sudbø J, Ristimäki A, Sondresen JE, Kildal W, Boysen M, Koppang HS, Reith A, Risberg B, Nesland JM, Bryne M. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in high-risk premalignant oral lesions. Oral Oncol. 2003;39(5):497–505. doi:10.1016/S1368-8375(03)00012-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Itoh S, Matsui K, Furuta I, Takano Y. Immunohistochemical study on overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity: its importance as a prognostic predictor. Oral Oncol. 2003;39(8):829–835. doi:10.1016/S1368-8375(03)00105-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seyedmajidi M, Shafaee S, Siadati S, Khorasani M, Bijani A, Ghasemi N. Cyclo-oxygenase-2 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Cancer Res Ther. 2014;10(4):1024–1029. doi:10.4103/0973-1482.138205.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pannone G, Sanguedolce F, De Maria S, Farina E, Lo Muzio L, Serpico R, Emanuelli M, Rubini C, De Rosa G, Staibano S, et al. Cyclooxygenase isozymes in oral squamous cell carcinoma: areal-time RT-PCR study with clinic pathological correlations. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2007;20(2):317–324. doi:10.1177/039463200702000211.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lucas T, Abraham D, Aharinejad S. Modulation of tumor associated macrophages in solid tumors. Front Biosci. 2008;13:5580–5588. doi:10.2741/3101.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ono M. Molecular links between tumor angiogenesis and inflammation: inflammatory stimuli of macrophages and cancer cells as targets for therapeutic strategy. Cancer Sci. 2008;99(8):1501–1506. doi:10.1111/j.1349-7006.2008.00853.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quail DF, Joyce JA. Microenvironmental regulation of tumor progression and metastasis. Nat Med. 2013;19(11):1423–1437. doi:10.1038/nm.3394.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Folkman J. How is blood vessel growth regulated in normal and neoplastic tissue? G.H.A. Clowes memorial Award lecture. Cancer Res. 1986;46:467–473.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Folkman J. What is the evidence that tumors are angiogenesis dependent? J Natl Cancer Inst. 1990;82:4–6. doi:10.1093/jnci/82.1.4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dohadwala M1, Yang SC, Luo J, Sharma S, Batra RK, Huang M, Lin Y, Goodglick L, Krysan K, Fishbein MC, et al. Cyclooxygenase-2-dependent regulation of E-cadherin: prostaglandin E(2) induces transcriptional repressors ZEB1 and snail in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Res. 2006;66(10):5338–5345. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-3635.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen Z1, Liu M, Liu X, Huang S, Li L, Song B, Li H, Ren Q, Hu Z, Zhou Y, et al. COX-2 regulates E-cadherin expression through the NF-κB/Snail signaling pathway in gastric cancer. Int J Mol Med. 2013;32(1):93–100. doi:10.3892/ijmm.2013.1376.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noda M, Tatsumi Y, Tomizawa M, Takama T, Mitsufuji S, Sugihara H, Kashima K, Hattori T. Effects of etodolac, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, on the expression of E-cadherin-catenin complexes in gastrointestinal cell lines. J Gastroenterol. 2002;37:896–904. doi:10.1007/s005350200151.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bozzo F, Bassignana A, Lazzarato L, Boschi D, Gasco A, Bocca C, Miglietta A. Novel nitro-oxy derivatives of celecoxib for the regulation of colon cancer cell growth. Chem Biol Interact. 2009;182:183–190. doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2009.08.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jang TJ, Cha WH, Lee KS. Reciprocal correlation between the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and E-cadherin in human bladder transitional cell carcinomas. Virchows Arch. 2010;457:319–328. doi:10.1007/s00428-010-0943-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adhim Z, Matsuoka T, Bito T, Shigemura K, Lee KM, Kawabata M, Fujisawa M, Nibu K, Shirakawa T. In vitro and in vivo inhibitory effect of three Cox-2 inhibitors and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in human bladder cancer cell lines. Br J Cancer. 2011;105:393–402. doi:10.1038/bjc.2011.262.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• St John MA, Dohadwala M, Luo J, Wang G, Lee G, Shih H, Heinrich E, Krysan K, Walser T, Hazra S, et al. 2009. Clin Proinflammatory mediators upregulate snail in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Res. 15(19):6018–6027.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Segawa E, Kishimoto H, Takaoka K, Noguchi K, Hashitani S, Sakurai K, Urade M. Promotion of hematogenous metastatic potentials in human KB carcinoma cells with overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2. Oncol Rep. 2010;24(3):733–739. doi:10.3892/or_00000915.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fujii R, Imanishi Y, Shibata K, Sakai N, Sakamoto K, Shigetomi S, Habu N, Otsuka K, Sato Y, Watanabe Y, et al. Restoration of E-cadherin expression by selective Cox-2 inhibition and the clinical relevance of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2014;33:40. doi:10.1186/1756-9966-33-40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kitadai Y. Cancer-stromal cell interaction and tumor angiogenesis in gastric cancer. Cancer Microenviron. 2010;3(1):109–116. doi:10.1007/s12307-009-0032-9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Marina DD, Carmela R, Alfredo F, Maria PG. Anti-VEGF therapy in breast and lung mouse models of cancers. J of Biomed Biotechnol. 2011;2011: 947–928. doi:10.1155/2011/947928.
   Google Scholar
• Franco R, Nicoletti G, Lombardi A, Di Domenico M, Botti G, Zito Marino F, Caraglia M. Current treatment of cutaneous squamous cancer and molecular strategies for its sensitization to new target-based drugs. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2013;13(1):51–66. doi:10.1517/14712598.2012.725720.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aquino G, Pannone G, Santoro A, Liguori G, Franco R, Serpico R, Florio G, De Rosa A, Mattoni M, Cozza V, et al. pEGFR-Tyr 845 expression as prognostic factors in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a tissue-microarray study with clinic-pathological correlations. Cancer Biol Ther. 2012;13(11):967–977. doi:10.4161/cbt.20991.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esposito F, Boscia F, Franco R, Tornincasa M, Fusco A, Kitazawa S, Looijenga LH, Chieffi P. Down-regulation of estrogen receptor-β associates with transcriptional coregulator PATZ1 delocalization in human testicular seminomas. J Pathol. 2011;224:110–120. doi:10.1002/path.2846.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esposito F, Libertini S, Franco R, Abagnale A, Marra L, Portella G, Chieffi P. Aurora B expression in post-puberal testicular germ cell tumours. J Cell Phys. 2009;221:435–439. doi:10.1002/jcp.21875.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wada T. Nature of mononuclear cell infiltrates in oral squamous cell carcinoma and their clinical significance. Wakayama Med Rep. 1989;30:103–117.
   Google Scholar