Tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R combined with recombinant methioninase and cisplatinum eradicates an osteosarcoma cisplatinum-resistant lung metastasis in a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) mouse model: decoy, trap and kill chemotherapy moves toward the clinic

References

• Bacci G, Ferrari S, Lari S, et al. Osteosarcoma of the limb: amputation or limb salvage in patients treated by neoadjuvant chemotherapy. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2002;84:88-92. 10.1302/0301-620X.84B1.12211. PMID:11837839
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Muscolo DL, Ayerza MA, Aponte-Tinao LA, et al. Partial epiphyseal preservation and intercalary allograft reconstruction in high-grade metaphyseal osteosarcoma of the knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2004;86:2686-2693. 10.2106/00004623-200412000-00015. PMID:15590854
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Simon MA, Aschliman MA, Thomas N, et al. Limb salvage treatment versus amputation for osteosarcoma of the distal end of the femur. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1986;68:1331-1337. 10.2106/00004623-198668090-00005. PMID:3465732
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis VO. What's new in musculoskeletal oncology. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2007;89:1399-1407. 10.2106/00004623-200706000-00030. PMID:17545444
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Meyers PA, Gorlick R, Heller G, et al. Intensification of preoperative chemotherapy for osteogenic sarcoma: results of the Memorial Sloan-Kettering (T-12) protocol. J Clin Oncol. 1998;16:2452-2458. 10.1200/JCO.1998.16.7.2452. PMID:9667263
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuchs N, Bielack SS, Epler D, et al. Long-term results of the cooperative German-Austrian-Swiss osteosarcoma study group's protocol COSS-86 of intensive multidrug chemotherapy and surgery for osteosarcoma of the limbs. Ann Oncol. 1998;9:893-899. 10.1023/A:1008391103132. PMID:9789613
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bacci G, Briccoli A, Ferrari S, et al. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for osteosarcoma of the extremity: long-term results of the Rizzoli's 4th protocol. Eur J Cancer. 2001;37:2030-2039. 10.1016/S0959-8049(01)00229-5. PMID:11597381
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Igarashi K, Murakami T, Kawaguchi K, et al. A patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) mouse model of an cisplatinum-resistant osteosarcoma lung metastasis that was sensitive to temozolomide and trabectedin: implications for precision oncology. Oncotarget. 2017;8:62111-62119. 10.18632/oncotarget.19095. PMID:28977930
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Murakami T, Igarashi K, Kawaguchi K, et al. Tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R regresses an osteosarcoma in a patient-derived xenograft model resistant to a molecular-targeting drug. Oncotarget. 2017;8:8035-8042. 10.18632/oncotarget.14040. PMID:28030831
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murakami T, Li S, Han Q, et al. Recombinant methioninase effectively targets a Ewing's sarcoma in a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) nude-mouse model. Oncotarget. 2017;8:35630-35638. 10.18632/oncotarget.15823. PMID:28404944
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yano S, Takehara K, Zhao M, et al. Tumor-specific cell-cycle decoy by Salmonella typhimurium A1-R combined with tumor-selective cell-cycle trap by methioninase overcome tumor intrinsic chemoresistance as visualized by FUCCI imaging. Cell Cycle. 2016;15:1715-1723. 10.1080/15384101.2016.1181240. PMID:27152859
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fu X, Le P, Hoffman RM. A metastatic-orthotopic transplant nude-mouse model of human patient breast cancer. Anticancer Res. 1993;13:901-904. PMID:8352558
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fu X, Hoffman RM. Human ovarian carcinoma metastatic models constructed in nude mice by orthotopic transplantation of histologically-intact patient specimens. Anticancer Res. 1993;13:283-286. PMID:8517640
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang X, Fu X, Hoffman RM. A new patient-like metastatic model of human lung cancer constructed orthotopically with intact tissue via thoracotomy in immunodeficient mice. Int J Cancer. 1992;51:992-995. 10.1002/ijc.2910510626. PMID:1639545
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hiroshima Y, Zhang Y, Zhang N, et al. Establishment of a patient-derived orthotopic xenograph (PDOX) model of HER-2-positive cervical cancer expressing the clinical metastatic pattern. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0117417. 10.1371/journal.pone.0117417. PMID:25689852
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murakami T, Kiyuna T, Kawaguchi K, et al. The irony of highly-effective bacterial therapy of a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) model of Ewing's sarcoma, which was blocked by Ewing himself 80 years ago. Cell Cycle. 2017;16:1046-1052. 10.1080/15384101.2017.1304340. PMID:28296559
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hiroshima Y, Maawy A, Metildi CA, et al. Successful fluorescence-guided surgery on human colon cancer patient-derived orthotopic xenograft mouse models using a fluorophore-conjugated anti-CEA antibody and a portable imaging system. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 2014;24:241-247. 10.1089/lap.2013.0418. PMID:24494971
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fu X, Besterman JM, Monosov A, et al. Models of human metastatic colon cancer in nude mice orthotopically constructed by using histologically intact patient specimens. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1991;88:9345-9349. 10.1073/pnas.88.20.9345. PMID:1924398
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Metildi CA, Kaushal S, Luiken GA, et al. Fluorescently-labeled chimeric anti-CEA antibody improves detection and resection of human colon cancer in a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) nude mouse model. J Surg Oncol. 2014;109:451-458. 10.1002/jso.23507. PMID:24249594
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Furukawa T, Kubota T, Watanabe M, et al. Orthotopic transplantation of histologically intact clinical specimens of stomach cancer to nude mice: correlation of metastatic sites in mouse and individual patient donors. Int J Cancer. 1993;53:608-612. 10.1002/ijc.2910530414. PMID:8436434
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fu X, Guadagni F, Hoffman RM. A metastatic nude-mouse model of human pancreatic cancer constructed orthotopically with histologically intact patient specimens. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1992;89:5645-5649. 10.1073/pnas.89.12.5645. PMID:1608975
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawaguchi K, Igarashi K, Murakami T, et al. MEK inhibitors cobimetinib and trametinib, regressed a gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX). Oncotarget. 2017;8:47490-47496. 10.18632/oncotarget.17667. PMID:28537897
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hiroshima Y, Zhang Y, Murakami T, et al. Efficacy of tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R in combination with anti-angiogenesis therapy on a pancreatic cancer patient-derived orthotopic xenograph (PDOX) and cell line mouse models. Oncotarget. 2014;5:12346-12357. 10.18632/oncotarget.2641. PMID:25402324
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hiroshima Y, Maawy A, Zhang Y, et al. Metastatic recurrence in a pancreatic cancer patient derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) nude mouse model is inhibited by neoadjuvant chemotherapy in combination with fluorescence-guided surgery with an anti-CA 19–9-conjugated fluorophore. PLoS One. 2014;9:e114310. 10.1371/journal.pone.0114310. PMID:25463150
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hiroshima Y, Maawy AA, Katz MH, et al. Selective efficacy of zoledronic acid on metastasis in a patient-derived orthotopic xenograph (PDOX) nude-mouse model of human pancreatic cancer. J Surg Oncol. 2015;111:311-315. 10.1002/jso.23816. PMID:25394368
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamamoto M, Zhao M, Hiroshima Y, et al. Efficacy of tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R on a melanoma patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) nude-mouse model. PLoS One. 2016;11:e0160882. 10.1371/journal.pone.0160882. PMID:27500926
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawaguchi K, Murakami T, Chmielowski B, et al. Vemurafenib-resistant BRAF-V600E mutated melanoma is regressed by MEK targeting drug trametinib, but not cobimetinib in a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) mouse model. Oncotarget. 2016;7:71737-71743. PMID:27690220
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawaguchi K, Igarashi K, Murakami T, et al. Tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R combined with Temozolomide regresses malignant melanoma with a BRAF-V600 mutation in a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) model. Oncotarget. 2016;7:85929-85936. PMID:27835903
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawaguchi K, Igarashi K, Murakami T, et al. Salmonella typhimurium A1-R targeting of a chemotherapy resistant BRAF-V600E melanoma in a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) model is enhanced in combination with either vemurafenib or temozlomide. Cell Cycle. 2017;16:1288-1294. 10.1080/15384101.2017.1314420. PMID:28622068
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawaguchi K, Igarashi K, Murakami T, et al. Tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R sensitizes melanoma with a BRAF-V600E mutation to vemurafenib in a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) nude mouse model. J Cell Biochem. 2017;118:2314-2319. 10.1002/jcb.25886. PMID:28106277
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murakami T, Singh AS, Kiyuna T, et al. Effective molecular targeting of CDK4/6 and IGF-1R in a rare FUS-ERG fusion CDKN2A-deletion doxorubicin-resistant Ewing's sarcoma patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) nude-mouse model. Oncotarget. 2016;7:47556-47564. 10.18632/oncotarget.9879. PMID:27286459
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murakami T, DeLong J, Eilber FC, et al. Tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R in combination with doxorubicin eradicate soft tissue sarcoma in a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft PDOX model. Oncotarget. 2016;7:12783-12790. 10.18632/oncotarget.7226. PMID:26859573
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murakami T, Li S, Han Q, et al. Recombinant methioninase effectively targets a Ewing's sarcoma in a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) nude-mouse model. Oncotarget. 2017;8:35630-35638. 10.18632/oncotarget.15823. PMID:28404944
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Igarashi K, Kawaguchi K, Murakami T, et al. High efficacy of pazopanib on an undifferentiated spindle-cell sarcoma resistant to first-line therapy is identified with a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) nude mouse model. J Cell Biochem. 2017;118:2739-2743. 10.1002/jcb.25923. PMID:28176365
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Igarashi K, Kawaguchi K, Kiyuna T, et al. Temozolomide combined with irinotecan caused regression in an adult pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) nude-mouse model. Oncotarget. 2017;8:75874-75880. 10.18632/oncotarget.16548. PMID:29100276
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Igarashi K, Kawaguchi K, Kiyuna T, et al. Patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) mouse model of adult rhabdomyosarcoma invades and recurs after resection in contrast to the subcutaneous ectopic model. Cell Cycle. 2017;16:91-94. 10.1080/15384101.2016.1252885. PMID:27830986
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Igarashi K, Kawaguchi K, Murakami T, et al. Intra-arterial administration of tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R regresses a cisplatin-resistant relapsed osteosarcoma in a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) mouse model. Cell Cycle. 2017;16:1164-1170. 10.1080/15384101.2017.1317417. PMID:28494180
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hiroshima Y, Zhang Y, Zhang N, et al. Patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) nude mouse model of soft-tissue sarcoma more closely mimics the patient behavior in contrast to the subcutaneous ectopic model. Anticancer Res. 2015;35:697-701. PMID:25667448
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawaguchi K, Igarashi K, Murakami T, et al. Combination of gemcitabine and docetaxel regresses both gastric leiomyosarcoma proliferation and invasion in an imageable patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (iPDOX) model. Cell Cycle. 2017;16:1063-1069. 10.1080/15384101.2017.1314406. PMID:28426279
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiyuna T, Murakami T, Tome Y, et al. High efficacy of tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R on a doxorubicin- and dactolisib-resistant follicular dendritic-cell sarcoma in a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft PDOX nude mouse model. Oncotarget. 2016;7:33046-33054. 10.18632/oncotarget.8848. PMID:27105519
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hoffman RM. Patient-derived orthotopic xenografts: better mimic of metastasis than subcutaneous xenografts. Nat Rev Cancer. 2015;15:451-452. 10.1038/nrc3972. PMID:26422835
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffman RM. Future of bacterial therapy of cancer. Methods Mol Biol. 2016;1409:177-184. 10.1007/978-1-4939-3515-4_15. PMID:26846811
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhao M, Yang M, Li XM, et al. Tumor-targeting bacterial therapy with amino acid auxotrophs of GFP-expressing Salmonella typhimurium. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2005;102:755-760. 10.1073/pnas.0408422102. PMID:15644448
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao M, Geller J, Ma H, et al. Monotherapy with a tumor-targeting mutant of Salmonella typhimurium cures orthotopic metastatic mouse models of human prostate cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2007;104:10170-10174. 10.1073/pnas.0703867104. PMID:17548809
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao M, Yang M, Ma H, et al. Targeted therapy with a Salmonella typhimurium leucine-arginine auxotroph cures orthotopic human breast tumors in nude mice. Cancer Res. 2006;66:7647-7652. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-0716. PMID:16885365
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Y, Tome Y, Suetsugu A, et al. Determination of the optimal route of administration of Salmonella typhimurium A1-R to target breast cancer in nude mice. Anticancer Res. 2012;32:2501-2508. PMID:22753706
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Y, Miwa S, Zhang N, et al. Tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R arrests growth of breast-cancer brain metastasis. Oncotarget. 2015;6:2615-2622. PMID:25575815
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Uchugonova A, Zhao M, Zhang Y, et al. Cancer-cell killing by engineered Salmonella imaged by multiphoton tomography in live mice. Anticancer Res. 2012;32:4331-4337. PMID:23060555
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu F, Zhang L, Hoffman RM, et al. Vessel destruction by tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R is enhanced by high tumor vascularity. Cell Cycle. 2010;9:4518-4524. 10.4161/cc.9.22.13744. PMID:21135579
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagakura C, Hayashi K, Zhao M, et al. Efficacy of a genetically-modified Salmonella typhimurium in an orthotopic human pancreatic cancer in nude mice. Anticancer Res. 2009;29:1873-1378. PMID:19528442
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yam C, Zhao M, Hayashi K, et al. Monotherapy with a tumor-targeting mutant of S. typhimurium inhibits liver metastasis in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer. J Surg Res. 2010;164:248-255. 10.1016/j.jss.2009.02.023. PMID:19766244
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hiroshima Y, Zhao M, Zhang Y, et al. Comparison of efficacy of Salmonella typhimurium A1-R and chemotherapy on stem-like and non-stem human pancreatic cancer cells. Cell Cycle. 2013;12:2774-2780. 10.4161/cc.25872. PMID:23966167
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hiroshima Y, Zhao M, Maawy A, et al. Efficacy of Salmonella typhimurium A1-R versus chemotherapy on a pancreatic cancer patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX). J Cell Biochem. 2014;115:1254-1261. 10.1002/jcb.24769. PMID:24435915
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsumoto Y, Miwa S, Zhang Y, et al. Efficacy of tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R on nude mouse models of metastatic and disseminated human ovarian cancer. J Cell Biochem. 2014;115:1996-2003. PMID:24924355
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsumoto Y, Miwa S, Zhang Y, et al. Intraperitoneal administration of tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R inhibits disseminated human ovarian cancer and extends survival in nude mice. Oncotarget. 2015;6:11369-11377. 10.18632/oncotarget.3607. PMID:25957417
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yano S, Zhang Y, Zhao M, et al. Tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R decoys quiescent cancer cells to cycle as visualized by FUCCI imaging and become sensitive to chemotherapy. Cell Cycle. 2014;13:3958-3963. 10.4161/15384101.2014.964115. PMID:25483077
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hiroshima Y, Zhang Y, Zhao M, et al. Tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R in combination with Trastuzumab eradicates HER-2-positive cervical cancer cells in patient-derived mouse models. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0120358. 10.1371/journal.pone.0120358. PMID:26047477
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Momiyama M, Zhao M, Kimura H, et al. Inhibition and eradication of human glioma with tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium in an orthotopic nude-mouse model. Cell Cycle. 2012;11:628-632. 10.4161/cc.11.3.19116. PMID:22274398
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kimura H, Zhang L, Zhao M, et al. Targeted therapy of spinal cord glioma with a genetically-modified Salmonella typhimurium. Cell Proliferation. 2010;43:41-48. 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2009.00652.x. PMID:19922490
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hiroshima Y, Zhao M, Zhang Y, et al. Tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R arrests a chemo-resistant patient soft-tissue sarcoma in nude mice. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0134324. 10.1371/journal.pone.0134324. PMID:26237416
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayashi K, Zhao M, Yamauchi K, et al. Cancer metastasis directly eradicated by targeted therapy with a modified Salmonella typhimurium. J Cell Biochem. 2009;106:992-998. 10.1002/jcb.22078. PMID:19199339
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayashi K, Zhao M, Yamauchi K, et al. Systemic targeting of primary bone tumor and lung metastasis of high-grade osteosarcoma in nude mice with a tumor-selective strain of Salmonella typhimurium. Cell Cycle. 2009;8:870-875. 10.4161/cc.8.6.7891. PMID:19221501
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miwa S, Zhang Y, Baek K-E, et al.: Inhibition of spontaneous and experimental lung metastasis of soft-tissue sarcoma by tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R. Oncotarget. 2014;5:12849-12861. PMID:25528763
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yano S, Li S, Han Q, et al. Selective methioninase-induced trap of cancer cells in S/G2 phase visualized by FUCCI imaging confers chemosensitivity. Oncotarget. 2014;5:8729-8736. 10.18632/oncotarget.2369. PMID: 25238266
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffman RM. Altered methionine metabolism, DNA methylation and oncogene expression in carcinogenesis: a review and synthesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer. 1984;738:49-87. 10.1016/0304-419X(84)90019-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffman RM, Jacobsen SJ. Reversible growth arrest in simian virus 40-transformed human fibroblasts. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1980;77:7306-7310. 10.1073/pnas.77.12.7306. PMID: 6261250
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stern PH, Hoffman RM. Enhanced in vitro selective toxicity of chemotherapeutic agents for human cancer cells based on a metabolic defect. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1986;76:629-639. 10.1093/jnci/76.4.629. PMID: 3457200
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffman RM, Erbe RW. High in vivo rates of methionine biosynthesis in transformed human and malignant rat cells auxotrophic for methionine. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1976;73:1523-1527. 10.1073/pnas.73.5.1523. PMID: 179090
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffman RM, Jacobsen SJ, Erbe RW. Reversion to methionine independence by malignant rat and SV40-transformed human fibroblasts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1978;82:228-234. 10.1016/0006-291X(78)90600-9. PMID: 208554
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffman RM, Jacobsen SJ, Erbe RW. Reversion to methionine independence in simian virus 40-transformed human and malignant rat fibroblasts is associated with altered ploidy and altered properties of transformation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1979;76:1313-1317. 10.1073/pnas.76.3.1313. PMID: 220612
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coalson DW, Mecham JO, Stem PH, et al. Reduced availability of endogenously synthesized methionine for S-adenosylmethionine formation in methionine-dependent cancer cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1982;79:4248-4251. 10.1073/pnas.79.14.4248. PMID: 6289297
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stem PH, Mecham JO, Wallace CD, et al. Reduced free-methionine in methionine-dependent SV40-transformed human fibroblasts synthesizing apparently normal amounts of methionine. J Cell Physiol. 1983;117:9-14. 10.1002/jcp.1041170103. PMID: 6311851
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mecham JO, Rowitch D, Wallace CD, et al. The metabolic defect of methionine dependence occurs frequently in human tumor cell lines. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1983;117:429-434. 10.1016/0006-291X(83)91218-4. PMID: 6661235
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stern PH, Wallace CD, Hoffman RM. Altered methionine metabolism occurs in all members of a set of diverse human tumor cell lines. J Cell Physiol. 1984;119:29-34. 10.1002/jcp.1041190106. PMID: 6707100
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stern PH, Hoffman RM. Elevated overall rates of transmethylation in cell lines from diverse human tumors. In Vitro. 1984;20:663-670. 10.1007/BF02619617. PMID: 6500606
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tan Y, Xu M, Hoffman RM. Broad selective efficacy of recombinant methioninase and polyethylene glycol-modified recombinant methioninase on cancer cells in vitro. Anticancer Res. 2010;30:1041-1046. PMID: 20530407
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tan Y, Xu M, Tan X-Z, et al. Overexpression and large-scale production of recombinant l-methionine-α-deamino-γ- mercaptomethane-lyase for novel anticancer therapy. Prot Exp Purification. 1997;9:233-245. doi:10.1006/prep.1996.0700.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blagosklonny MV. Matching targets for selective cancer therapy. Drug Discov Today. 2003;8:1104-7. 10.1016/S1359-6446(03)02806-X. PMID: 14678733
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blagosklonny MV. Teratogens as anti-cancer drugs. Cell Cycle. 2005;4:1518-21. 10.4161/cc.4.11.2208. PMID: 16258270
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blagosklonny MV. Treatment with inhibitors of caspases, that are substrates of drug transporters, selectively permits chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in multidrug-resistant cells but protects normal cells. Leukemia. 2001;15:936-41. 10.1038/sj.leu.2402127. PMID: 11417480
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blagosklonny MV. Target for cancer therapy: proliferating cells or stem cells. Leukemia. 2006;20:385-91. 10.1038/sj.leu.2404075. PMID: 16357832
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Apontes P, Leontieva OV, Demidenko ZN, et al. Exploring long-term protection of normal human fibroblasts and epithelial cells from chemotherapy in cell culture. Oncotarget. 2011;2:222-33. 10.18632/oncotarget.248. PMID: 21447859
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blagosklonny MV. Tissue-selective therapy of cancer. Br J Cancer. 2003;89:1147-51. 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601256. PMID: 14520435
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar