References
- Bassens, David, and Michiel van Meeteren. 2015. “World Cities under Conditions of Financialized Globalization: Towards an Augmented World City Hypothesis.” Progress in Human Geography 39 (6): 752–775. doi:10.1177/0309132514558441.
- Bennett, Mia M. 2018. “Singapore: The “Global City” in a Globalizing Arctic.” Journal of Borderlands Studies 33 (2): 289–310. doi:10.1080/08865655.2017.1367708.
- Bennett, Mia M. 2019. “Is a Pixel Worth 1000 Words? Critical Remote Sensing and China’s Belt and Road Initiative.” Political Geography 78: 1–14. doi:10.1016/j.polgeo.2019.102127.
- Bhagwati, Jagdish. 1998. “The Capital Myth: The Difference between Trade in Widgets and Dollars.” Foreign Affairs 77 (3): 7–12. doi:10.2307/20048871.
- Bloomberg News. 2019. “China to Impose Stricter Policy on Bad-Loan Recognition.” May 6. Accessed 8 January 2020 https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-05-06/china-is-said-to-impose-stricter-policy-on-bad-loan-recognition
- Brautigam, Deborah. 2020. “A Critical Look at Chinese ‘Debt Trap Diplomacy: The Rise of A Meme.” Area Development and Policy 5 (1): 1–14. doi:10.1080/23792949.2019.1689828.
- Cai, Kevin G. 2018. “The One Belt One Road and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank: Beijing’s New Strategy of Geoeconomics and Geopolitics.” Journal of Contemporary China 27 (114): 831–847. doi:10.1080/10670564.2018.1488101.
- Chin, Gregory T., and Kevin, P. Gallagher. 2019. “Coordinated Credit Spaces: The Globalization of Chinese Development Finance.” Development and Change 50 (1): 245–274. doi:10.1111/dech.12470.
- Chin, Gregory T., and Eric Helleiner. 2008. “China as A Creditor: A Rising Financial Power?” Journal of International Affairs 62 (1): 87–102.
- City of London. 2018. “Building an Investment and Financing System for the Belt and Road Initiative.” September. Accessed 8 January 2020 https://www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/business/asia-programme/greater-china/Documents/building-an-investment-and-financing-system-for-the-bri.pdf
- Clarence-Smith, Louisa. 2019. “Developer Advanced Business Park in Threat to Pull Plug on Royal Albert Dock Funds.” The Times, September 10. Accessed 8 January 2020 https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/developer-advanced-business-park-in-threat-to-pull-plug-on-royal-albert-dock-funds-295vnhhf7
- Coe, Neil M., Karen P.Y. Lai, and Dariusz Wójcik. 2014. “Integrating Finance into Global Production Networks.” Regional Studies 48 (5): 761–777. doi:10.1080/00343404.2014.886772.
- Dunford, Michael. 2020. “Chinese and Development Assistance Committee (DAC) Development Cooperation and Development Finance: Implications for the BRI and International Governance.” Eurasian Geography and Economics 61 (2): 125–136.
- Dwyer, Michael B. 2020. ““They Will Not Automatically Benefit”: The Politics of Infrastructure Development in Laos’s Northern Economic Corridor.” Political Geography 78: 1–12. doi:10.1016/j.polgeo.2019.102118.
- Faulconbridge, James R. 2019. “Business Services and the Financing of Global Production Networks: The Case of Global Law Firms in Southeast Asia.” Journal of Economic Geography 19 (4): 897–919. doi:10.1093/jeg/lby066.
- French, Shaun, Andrew Leyshon, and Nigel Thrift. 2009. “A Very Geographical Crisis: The Making and Breaking of the 2007–2008 Financial Crisis.” Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society 2 (2): 287–302. doi:10.1093/cjres/rsp013.
- Garcia-Herrero, Alicia. 2017. “China Cannot Finance the Belt and Road Alone.” HKUST IEMS Thought Leadership Briefs No. 17, August. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Institute for Emerging Market Studies. Accessed 8 January 2020 https://iems.ust.hk/assets/publications/thought-leadership-briefs/tlb17/hkust-iems-tlb17-garcia-herrero.pdf
- George, Susan. 1988. A Fate Worse than Debt: A Radical New Analysis of the Third World Debt Crisis. London: Penguin Books.
- Gong, Xue. 2019. “The Belt and Road Initiative and China’s Influence in Southeast Asia.” The Pacific Review 32 (4): 635–665. doi:10.1080/09512748.2018.1513950.
- Hall, Sarah. 2020. Respatialising Finance: Power, Politics and Offshore Renminbi Market Making in London. Oxford: Wiley.
- Hameiri, Shahar, and Lee Jones. 2018. “China Challenges Global Governance? Chinese International Development Finance and the AIIB.” International Affairs 94 (3): 573–593. doi:10.1093/ia/iiy026.
- Harvey, David. 1982. The Limits to Capital. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
- Hendrikse, R.P., and James, D. S. 2014. “Financial Wizardry and the Golden City: Tracking the Financial Crisis through Pforzheim, Germany.” Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 39 (2): 195–208. doi:10.1111/tran.2014.39.issue-2.
- Huang, Kristin. 2019. “Sihanoukville’s Big Gamble: The Sleepy Beach Town in Cambodia that Bet Its Future on Chinese Money.” South China Morning Post, September 24. Accessed 28 December 2019. https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3025262/sihanoukvilles-big-gamble-sleepy-beach-town-bet-its-future
- Hung, Ho-Fung. 2009. “America’s Head Servant: The PRC’s Dilemma in the Global Crisis.” New Left Review 60: 5–25.
- Hurley, John, Scott Morris, and Gailyn Portelance. 2018. “Examining the Debt Implications of the Belt and Road Initiative from a Policy Perspective.” CGD Policy Paper. Washington, DC: Center for Global Development. Accessed 25 January 2020. https://www.cgdev.org/sites/default/files/examining-debt-implications-belt-and-road-initiative-policy-perspective.pdf
- International Monetary Fund. 2019. “IMF Executive Board Approves US$6 Billion 39-Month EFF Arrangement for Pakistan.” Press Release No. 19/264, July 3. Accessed 27 December 2019 https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2019/07/03/pr19264-pakistan-imf-executive-board-approves-39-month-eff-arrangement
- Iwamoto, Kentaro. 2019. “Singapore to Be Dispute Resolution Hub for Belt and Road.” Nikkei Asian Review, January 24. Accessed 27 December 2019. https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Belt-and-Road/Singapore-to-be-dispute-resolution-hub-for-Belt-and-Road
- Joniak-Lüthi, Agnieszka. 2020. “A Road, A Disappearing River and Fragile Connectivity in Sino-Inner Asian Borderlands.” Political Geography 78: 1–11. doi:10.1016/j.polgeo.2019.102122.
- Kelly, Philip F. 2001. “Metaphors of Meltdown: Political Representations of Economic Space in the Asian Financial Crisis.” Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 19 (6): 719–742. doi:10.1068/d277.
- Konoerich, Jan, and Francisco Urdinez. 2019. “Contesting Contested Multilateralism: Why the West Joined the Rest in Founding the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank.” The Chinese Journal of International Politics 12 (3): 333–370. doi:10.1093/cjip/poz007.
- Kuok, Lynn. 2019. “Shangri-la Dialogue: South-east Asia’s Cautious Embrace of the Belt and Road Initiative.” The Straits Times, June 1. Accessed 30 December 2019. https://www.straitstimes.com/opinion/s-e-asias-cautious-embrace-of-the-belt-and-road-initiative
- Lai, Karen P.Y. 2011. “Marketisation Through Contestation: Reconfiguring China’s Financial Markets Through Knowledge Networks.” Journal of Economic Geography 11 (1): 87–117. doi:10.1093/jeg/lbq005.
- Lai, Karen P.Y. 2012. “Differentiated Markets: Shanghai, Beijing and Hong Kong in China’s Financial Centre Network.” Urban Studies 49 (6): 1275–1296. doi:10.1177/0042098011408143.
- Lai, Karen P.Y., Pan Fenghua, Martin Sokol, and Dariusz Wójcik. 2020. “New Financial Geographies of Asia.” Regional Studies 54 (2): 143–148. doi:10.1080/00343404.2019.1689549.
- Lai, Karen P.Y., and Michael Samers. 2017. “Conceptualizing Islamic Banking and Finance: A Comparison of Its Development and Governance in Malaysia and Singapore.” The Pacific Review 30 (3): 405–424. doi:10.1080/09512748.2016.1264455.
- Lee, Amanda. 2019. “Can Kazakhstan’s China-Backed Financial Hub Boost Belt and Road Funding?” South China Morning Post, October 24. Accessed 27 January 2020. https://www.scmp.com/economy/global-economy/article/3031744/can-kazakhstans-china-backed-financial-hub-boost-belt-and
- Lin, Shaun, James D Sidaway, and Chih Yuan Woon. 2019. “Reordering China, Respacing the World: Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路) as an Emergent Geopolitical Culture.” The Professional Geographer 71 (3): 507–522. doi:10.1080/00330124.2018.1547979.
- Liu, Weidong, Yajing Zhang, and Wei Xiong. 2020. “Financing the Belt and Road Initiative.” Eurasian Geography and Economics 61 (2): 137–145.
- Love, Bruce. 2019. “China Belt and Road Disputes Set to Fuel Mediation’s Global Rise.” Financial Times, August 14. Accessed 28 December 2019. https://www.ft.com/content/71288fe2-9e6f-11e9-9c06-a4640c9feebb
- Mohan, Giles, Alfred B. Zack-Williams, Bob Milward Brown, and Ray Bush, Ed. 2000. Structural Adjustment: Theory, Practice and Impacts. UK: Routledge.
- Naderi, Bobby. 2019. “The BRI: Building a City within the City of London.” China Global Television Network (CGTN), April 22. Accessed 8 January 2020. https://news.cgtn.com/news/3d3d774d3363544d34457a6333566d54/index.html
- Prime Minister’s Office Singapore. 2019. “Xinhua News Agency Interview with PM Lee Hsien Loong (Apr 2019).” April 23. Accessed 31 December 2019. https://www.pmo.gov.sg/Newsroom/transcript-pm-lee-hsien-loong-interview-xinhua-apr-2019
- Rippa, Alessandro. 2020. “Mapping the Margins of China’s Global Ambitions: Economic Corridors, Silk Roads, and the End of Proximity in the Borderlands.” Eurasian Geography and Economics 61 (1): 55–76.
- Rowedder, Simon. 2020. “Railroading Land-linked Laos: China’s Regional Profits, Laos’ Domestic Costs?.” Eurasian Geography and Economics 61 (2): 152–161.
- Saddy, Fehmy. 1982. “OPEC Capital Surplus Funds and Third World Indebtedness: The Recycling Strategy Reconsidered.” Third World Quarterly 4 (4): 736–757. doi:10.1080/01436598208419665.
- Sharma, Shalendra D. 2010. “China as the World’s Creditor and the United States as the World’s Debtor.” China Perspectives 4: 100–115.
- Sidaway, James D. 2008. “Subprime Crisis: American Crisis or Human Crisis?” Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 26 (2): 195–198. doi:10.1068/d2602ged.
- Sidaway, James D, Simon Rowedder, Chih Yuan Woon, Weiqiang Lin, and Vatthana Pholsena. 2020. “Research Agendas Raised by the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI).” Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space. doi:10.1177/2399654420911410a
- Sidaway, James D, and Chih Yuan Woon. 2017. “Chinese Narratives on “One Belt, One Road” (一带一路) in Geopolitical and Imperial Contexts.” The Professional Geographer 69 (4): 591–603. doi:10.1080/00330124.2017.1288576.
- Singapore International Arbitration Centre. 2018. “SIAC is Most Preferred Arbitral Institution in Asia and 3rd in the World.” May 10. Accessed 8 January 2020 https://www.siac.org.sg/69-siac-news/568-siac-is-most-preferred-arbitral-institution-in-asia-and-3rd-in-the-world
- South China Morning Post. 2018. “Royal Docks: London’s New Financial Center Is Targeting Asian Investors.” October 2. Accessed 8 January 2020. https://www.scmp.com/presented/business/topics/invest-overseas-properties/article/2166622/royal-docks-londons-new
- The Straits Times. 2019. “Arbitration Centre Focused on China, ASEAN Opens in S’pore.” August 8. Accessed 8 January 2020 https://www.straitstimes.com/business/economy/arbitration-centre-focused-on-china-asean-opens-in-spore
- Strangio, Sebastian. 2020. “City of Light.” Mekong Review, February-April 5. (1): 5–6. Accessed 4 February 2020. https://mekongreview.com/city-of-light/
- Summers, Tim. 2020. “Structural Power and the Financing of the Belt and Road Initiative.” Eurasian Geography and Economics 61 (2): 146–151.
- Tan, Dawn Wei. 2019. “Singapore, China to Set up Mediators’ Panel for Belt and Road Projects.” The Straits Times, January 25. Accessed 28 December 2019. https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/east-asia/singapore-china-to-set-up-mediators-panel-for-belt-and-road-projects
- Truman, Edwin M. 2018. “China, the United States, and Damage to the IMF.” September 4. Accessed December 28. https://www.piie.com/blogs/realtime-economic-issues-watch/china-united-states-and-damage-imf
- United States Senate. 2018. “Letter On.” August 3 Accessed December 27. https://www.perdue.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/IMF%20China%20Belt%20and%20Road%20Initiative%20Letter.pdf
- Wade, Robert. 1998. “The Asian Debt-and-Development Crisis of 1997-? Causes and Consequences.” World Development 26 (8): 1535–1553. doi:10.1016/S0305-750X(98)00070-9.
- Wade, Robert, and Frank Veneroso. 1998. “The Asian Crisis: The High Debt Model versus the Wall Street-Treasury-IMF Complex.” New Left Review 228: 3–23.
- Winter, Tim. 2019. Geocultural Power: China’s Quest to Revive the Silk Roads for the Twenty-First Century. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press.
- Wójcik, Dariusz. 2013a. “The Dark Side of NY–LON: Financial Centres and the Global Financial Crisis.” Urban Studies 50 (13): 2736–2752. doi:10.1177/0042098012474513.
- Wójcik, Dariusz. 2013b. “Where Governance Fails: Advanced Business Services and the Offshore World.” Progress in Human Geography 37 (3): 330–347. doi:10.1177/0309132512460904.
- Wyly, Elvin K., Mona Atia, Elizabeth Lee, and Pablo Mendez. 2007. “Race, Gender, and Statistical Representation: Predatory Mortgage Lending and the U.S. Community Reinvestment Movement.” Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 39: 2139–2166. doi:10.1068/a38224.
- Yang, Hai, and Baldwin Van Gorp. 2019. “Framing the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank: A Qualitative Analysis of the Political Debate and Media Coverage on A China-led Multilateral Institution.” The Pacific Review 32 (4): 603–634. doi:10.1080/09512748.2018.1512647.
- Yap, Shiwen. 2018. “Risk & Opportunities: Singapore’s Role in China’s Belt & Road.” June 27. Accessed 31 December 31. https://medium.com/venture-views/risk-opportunities-singapores-role-in-china-s-bri-ff6377d035b7
- Yu, Hong. 2017. “Motivation behind China’s ‘One Belt, One Road’ Initiatives and Establishment of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank.” Journal of Contemporary China 26 (105): 353–368. doi:10.1080/10670564.2016.1245894.
- Zhou, Cissy. 2019. “China Slimming down Belt and Road Initiative as New Project Value Plunges in Last 18 Months, Report Shows.” South China Morning Post, October 10. Accessed 27 January 2020 https://www.scmp.com/economy/global-economy/article/3032375/china-slimming-down-belt-and-road-initiative-new-project