Advanced search
Publication Cover
Traffic Injury Prevention Volume 3, 2002 - Issue 4
Submit an article Journal homepage
190
Views
30
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Development of Child Pedestrian Mathematical Models and Evaluation with Accident Reconstruction

X. J. Liu Crash Safety Division, Department of Machine and Vehicle Systems, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
&
J. K. Yang Crash Safety Division, Department of Machine and Vehicle Systems, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
Pages 321-329 | Published online: 15 Sep 2010

  • Ashton , S. J. , Hayes , H. R. M. and Mackay , G. M. Child Pedestrian Injuries . Proc. Int. Meeting on Biomech. Trauma in Children . pp. 159 – 170 .
  • Davidsson , J. , Lövsund , P. and Svensson , M. Y. BioRID-A New Biofidelic Rear Impact Dummy . Proc. Int. IRCOBI Conf. Biomech. Impacts . pp. 377 – 390 .
  • Hamilton , M. N. , Chen , H. F. , Guenther , D. A. and Cheng , P. Computer Simulation of the Child Thorax . Proc. 32nd Stapp Car Crosh Conf. pp. 165 – 184 . SAE Paper 881724
  • Hubbard , R. P. and Soutas-Little , R. W. 1984 . Mechanical Properties of Human Tendon and Their Age Depandence . J. Biomech. Eng. , 106 : 144 – 150 .
  • Irwin , A. and Mertz , H. J. Biomechanical Basis for the CRABI and Hybird III Child Dummies . Proc. 26th Stapp Car Crash Conf. pp. 261 – 272 . SAE Paper 973317
  • Kajzer , J. , Schroeder , G. , Ishikawa , H. , Matsui , Y. and Bosch , U. Shearing and Bending Effects at the Knee Joint at High-Speed Lateral Loading . Proc. 41st Stapp Car Crash Conf. pp. 151 – 165 . SAE Paper 973326
  • Kapandji , I. A. 1970 . The Physiology of the Joints. Vol. 3: The Trunk and the Vertebral Column Vol. 3 , Churchill Livingstone
  • Kumaresan , S. , Yoganandan , N. and Frank , A. P. Age-Specific Pediatric Cervical Spine Biomechanical Responses: Three-Dimensional Nonlinear Finite Element Models . Proc. 41st Stapp Car Crash Conf. pp. 31 – 61 . SAE Paper 973319
  • Liu , X. J. and Yang , J. K. Effects of Vehicle Impact Velocity and Front-End Structure on the Dynamic Responses of Child Pedestrians . Proc. Int. IRCOBI Conf. Biomech. Impacts . pp. 19 – 29 .
  • Margulies , S. S. and Thibault , L. E. 1992 . A Proposed Injury Criterion for Diffuse Axonal Injury in Man . J. Biomehc. , 25 : 917 – 923 .
  • Mapherson , G. K. and Kriewall , T. J. 1978 . The Elastic Modulus of Fetal Cranial Bone: A First Step Towards and Understanding of the Biomechanics of Fetal Head Molding . J. Biomech , 13 : 9 – 16 .
  • Melvin , J. W. Injury Assessment Reference Values for the CRABI 6-month Infant Dummy in a Rear-Facing Infant Restraint with Airbag Deployment . SAE Int. Cong. Exp. pp. 1 – 12 . SAE Paper 950872
  • Mertz , H. J. A Procedure for Normalizing Impact Response Data . Proc. Gov./Ind. Meeting Exposition . pp. 1 – 8 . SAE Paper 840884
  • Mertz , H. J. , Irwin , A. L. , Melvin , J. W. , Stalnaker , R. L. and Beebe , M. S. 1989 . “ Size, Weight and Biomechanical Impact Response Requirements for Adults Size Small Female and Large Male Dummies ” . 133 – 142 . SAE 890756
  • Snyder , R. G. , Schneider , L. W. , Owings , C. L. , Reynolds , H. M. , Golomb , D. H. and Schork , M. A. 1977 . “Anthropometry of Infants, Children, and Youths to Age 18 for Product Safety Design,” . Report UM-HSRI-77-17 Ann Arbor, MI : University of Michigan .
  • TNO . 1999 . “MADYMO User's Manual 3D, Version 5.4” . Delft, , The Netherlands : TNO Road-Vehicles Research Institute .
  • Yong , J. and Kajzer , J. Computer Simulation of Impact Response of the Human Knee Joint in Car-Pedestrian Accidents . Proc. 36th Stapp Car Crash Conf. pp. 203 – 217 . SAE Paper 922525
  • Yong , J. , Kajzer , J. , Cavallero , C. and Bonnoit , J. Computer Simulation of Shearing and Bending Response of the Knee Joint to a Lateral Impact . Proc. 39th Stapp Car Crash Conf. pp. 251 – 264 . SAE Paper 952727
  • Yong , J. K. 1997 . Mathematical Simulation of Knee Responses Associated with Leh Fracture in Car-Pedestrian Accidents . Int. J. Crashworthiness , 2 : 259 – 271 .
  • Yong , J. K. and Lövsund , P. Development and Validation of a Human-Body Mathematical Model for Simulation of Car-Pedestrian Collision . Proc. Int. IRCOBI Conf. Biomech. Impacts . pp. 212 – 220 .
  • Yang , J. K. , Lövsund , P. , Cavallero , C. and Bonnoit , J. 2000 . A Human-Body 3D Mathematical Model for Simulation of Car-Pedestrian Impacts . J. Crash Prev. Inj. Control , 2 : 131 – 149 .
  • Yoganandan , N. , Pintar , A. F. , Kumaresan , S. , Gennarelli , A. T. , Sun , E. , Kuppa , S. , Maltese , M and Eppinger , H. R. Pediatric and Small Female Neck Injury Scale Factors and Tolerance Base on Human Spine Biomechanical Characteristics . Proc. Int. IRCOBI Conf. Biomech. Impacts . pp. 345 – 359 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.