Predicting Multiplanar Cervical Spine Injury Due to Head-Turned Rear Impacts Using IV-NIC

REFERENCES

• Abdel-Aziz , Y I and Karara , H M . Direct Linear Transformation from Comparator Coordinates into Object Space Coordinates in Close-Range Photogrammetry . Proceedings of the Symposium on Close-Range Photogrammetry . pp. 1 – 18 . Falls Church , VA : American Society of Photogrammetry .
   Google Scholar
• Becker , E . 1972 . “ Measurement of Mass Distribution Parameters of Anatomic Segments ” . In Society of Automotive Engineers Paper No. 720964
   Google Scholar
• Bostrom , O MK , Aldman , B , Eichberger , A , Fredriksson , R , Haland , Y , Lovsund , P , Steffan , H , Svensson , M Y and Tingvall , C . Prediction of Neck Injuries in Rear Impacts Based on Accident Data and Simulations . International Research Council on the Biomechanics of Impact . Hannover , Germany. pp. 251 – 264 .
   Google Scholar
• Bostrom , O , Bohman , K , Haland , Y and Kullgren , A MK . New AIS1 Long-Term Neck Injury Criteria Candidates Based on Real Frontal Crash Analysis . International Research Council on the Biomechanics of Impact . Montpelier , France. pp. 249 – 280 .
   Google Scholar
• Bostrom , O , Fredriksson , R , Haland , Y , Jakobsson , L , Krafft , M , Lovsund , P , Muser , M H and Svensson , M Y . 2000b . Comparison of Car Seats in Low Speed Rear-End Impacts Using the BioRID Dummy and the New Neck Injury Criterion (NIC) . Accid Anal Prev , Vol. 32 : 321 – 328 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bostrom , O , Svensson , M Y , Alsman , B , Hansson , H A , Haland , Y , Lovsund , P , Seeman , T , Suneson , A , Salgo , A and Ortengran , T . A New Neck Injury Criterion Candidate Based on Injury Findings in the Cervical Spinal Ganglia After Experimental Neck Extension Trauma . International Research Council on the Biomechanics of Impacts . Dublin , Ireland . pp. 123 – 136 .
   Google Scholar
• Buonocore , E , Hartman , J T and Nelson , C L . 1966 . Cineradiograms of Cervical Spine in Diagnosis of Soft-Tissue Injuries . JAMA , Vol. 198 : 143 – 147 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davidsson , J , Flogard , A , Lovsund , P and Svensson , M . 1999 . “ BioRID P3—Design and Performance Compared to Hybrid III and Volunteers in Rear Impacts at Delta V = 7 km/h ” . Society of Automotive Engineers Paper No. 99SC16
   Google Scholar
• Davis , S J , Teresi , L M , Bradley , W G Jr. , Ziemba , M A and Bloze , A E . 1991 . Cervical Spine Hyperextension Injuries: MR Findings . Radiology , Vol. 180 : 245 – 251 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eppinger , R , Sun , E , Kuppa , S and Saul , R . 1999 . Supplement: Development of Improved Injury Criteria for Assessment of Advanced Automotive Restraint Systems—II , Washington , DC : US DOT/National Highway Traffic Safety Administration . 2000
   Google Scholar
• Freeman , M D , Croft , A C , Rossignol , A M , Weaver , D S and Reiser , M . 1999 . A Review and Methodologic Critique of the Literature Refuting Whiplash Syndrome . Spine , Vol. 24 : 86 – 96 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galasko , C S , Murray , P M , Pitcher , M , Chambers , H , Mansfield , S , Madden , M , Jordon , C , Kinsella , A and Hodson , M . 1993 . Neck Sprains After Road Traffic Accidents: A Modern Epidemic . Injury , Vol. 24 : 155 – 157 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghole , S A , Ivancic , P C , Tominaga , Y , Gimenez , S E and Panjabi , M M . 2004 . Incremental and Single Trauma Produce Equivalent Subfailure Soft Tissue Injury of the Cervical Spine . Clin Biomech , Vol. 19 : 784 – 789 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ishii , T , Mukai , Y , Hosono , N , Sakaura , H , Fujii , R , Nakajima , Y , Tamura , S , Sugamoto , K and Yoshikawa , H . 2004a . Kinematics of the Subaxial Cervical Spine in Rotation in vivo Three-Dimensional Analysis . Spine , Vol. 29 : 2826 – 2831 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ishii , T , Mukai , Y , Hosono , N , Sakaura , H , Fujii , R , Wada , E , Ishii , M , Kawai , H , Iwasaki , M , Sugamoto , K and Yoshikawa , H . In vivo 3D Intervertebral Motion Analysis of the Cervical Spine in Lateral Bending Using 3D–MRI . Proc. of International Society of Biomechanics Meeting . pp. 20
   Google Scholar
• Ishii , T , Mukai , Y , Hosono , N , Sakaura , H , Nakajima , Y , Sato , Y , Sugamoto , K and Yoshikawa , H . 2004b . Kinematics of the Upper Cervical Spine in Rotation: in vivo Three-Dimensional Analysis . Spine , Vol. 29 : E139 – E144 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ito , S , Ivancic , P C , Panjabi , M M and Cunningham , B W . 2004 . Soft Tissue Injury Threshold During Simulated Whiplash: A Biomechanical Investigation . Spine , Vol. 29 : 979 – 987 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ivancic , P C , Ito , S , Panjabi , M M , Pearson , A M , Tominaga , Y , Wang , J L and Gimenez , S E . 2005a . Intervertebral Neck Injury Criterion for Simulated Frontal Impacts . Traffic Inj. Prev. , Vol. 6 : 175 – 184 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Ivancic , P C , Panjabi , M M , Ito , S , Cripton , P A and Wang , J L . 2005b . Biofidelic Whole Cervical Spine Model with Muscle Force Replication for Whiplash Simulation . Eur Spine J , Vol. 14 : 346 – 355 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ivancic , P C , Wang , J L and Panjabi , M M . 2006 . Calculation of dynamic spinal ligament deformation . Traffic Inj. Prev. , Vol. 7 : 81 – 87 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Jakobsson , L . 2000 . “ AIS 1 Neck Injuries in Rear-End Car Impacts—Biomechanical Guidelines and Evaluation Criteria Based on Accident Data and Parameter Studies ” . Chalmers University of Technology .
   Google Scholar
• Jakobsson , L , Lundell , B , Norin , H and Isaksson-Hellman , I . 2000 . WHIPS–Volvo's Whiplash Protection Study . Accid Anal Prev , Vol. 32 : 307 – 319 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jonsson , H Jr , Bring , G , Rauschning , W and Sahlstedt , B . 1991 . Hidden Cervical Spine Injuries in Traffic Accident Victims with Skull Fractures . J Spinal Disord , Vol. 4 : 251 – 263 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Kifune , M , Panjabi , M M , Arand , M and Liu , W . 1995 . Fracture Pattern and Instability of Thoracolumbar Injuries . Eur Spine J , Vol. 4 : 98 – 103 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Kim , A , Anderson , K F , Berliner , J , Bryzik , C , Hassan , J , Jensen , J , Kendall , M , Mertz , H J , Morrow , T AR and Wozniak , J A . 2001 . A Comparison of the Hybrid III and BioRID II Dummies in Low-Severity, Rear-Impact Sled Tests . Stapp Car Crash Journal , Vol. 45 : 1 – 28 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Kumar , S , Ferrari , R and Narayan , Y . 2005 . Looking Away From Whiplash: Effect of Head Rotation in Rear Impacts . Spine , Vol. 30 : 760 – 768 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linder , A , Svensson , M and Viano , D . 2002 . Evaluation of the BioRID P3 and the Hybrid III in Pendulum Impacts to the Back: A Comparison to Human Subject Test Data . Traffic Inj Prev , Vol. 3 : 159 – 166 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Lord , S M , Barnsley , L and Bogduk , N . 1995 . Percutaneous Radiofrequency Neurotomy in the Treatment of Cervical Zygapophysial Joint Pain: A Caution . Neurosurgery , Vol. 36 : 732 – 739 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lord , S M , Barnsley , L , Wallis , B J , McDonald , G J and Bogduk , N . 1996 . Percutaneous Radio-Frequency Neurotomy for Chronic Cervical Zygapophyseal-Joint Pain . N Engl J Med , Vol. 335 : 1721 – 1726 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maak , T G , Ivancic , P C , Tominaga , Y and Panjabi , M M . 2006 . Side Impact Causes Multiplanar Cervical Spine Injuries . J Trauma Inj, Inf, and Crit Care , [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Moroney , S P , Schultz , A B and Miller , J A . 1988 . Analysis and Measurement of Neck Loads . J Orthop Res , Vol. 6 : 713 – 720 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ordway , N R , Seymour , R J , Donelson , R G , Hojnowski , L S and Edwards , W T . 1999 . Cervical Flexion, Extension, Protrusion, and Retraction. A Radiographic Segmental Analysis . Spine , Vol. 24 : 240 – 247 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panjabi , M M . 1992 . The Stabilizing System of the Spine. Part II. Neutral Zone and Instability Hypothesis . J Spinal Disord , Vol. 5 : 390 – 396 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Panjabi , M M , Cholewicki , J , Nibu , K , Babat , L B and Dvorak , J . 1998 . Simulation of Whiplash Trauma Using Whole Cervical Spine Specimens . Spine , Vol. 23 : 17 – 24 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panjabi , M M , Ito , S , Ivancic , P C and Rubin , W . 2005a . Evaluation of the Intervertebral Neck Injury Criterion Using Simulated Rear Impacts . J Biomech , Vol. 38 : 1694 – 1701 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panjabi , M M , Ivancic , P C , Maak , T G , Tominaga , Y and Rubin , W . 2006 . Multiplanar Cervical Spine Injury Due to Head-Turned Rear Impact . Spine , Vol. 31 : 420 – 429 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panjabi , M M , Ivancic , P C , Tominaga , Y and Wang , J L . 2005c . Intervertebral Neck Injury Criterion for Prediction of Multiplanar Cervical Spine Injury Due to Side Impacts . Traffic Inj Prev , Vol. 6 : 387 – 397 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Panjabi , M M , Pearson , A M , Ito , S , Ivancic , P C and Wang , J L . 2004 . Cervical Spine Curvature During Simulated Whiplash . Clin Biomech , Vol. 19 : 1 – 9 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panjabi , M M , Wang , J-L and Delson , N . Neck Injury Criterion Based on Intervertebral Motions and Its Evaluation Using an Instrumented Neck Dummy . International Research Council on the Biomechanics of Impacts . Sitges , Spain . pp. 179 – 190 .
   Google Scholar
• Penning , L . 1978 . Normal Movements of the Cervical Spine . AJR Am J Roentgenol , Vol. 130 : 317 – 326 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Philippens , M , Cappon , H , van Ratingen , M and Wismans , J . 2002 . Comparison of the Rear Impact Biofidelity of BioRID II and RID 2 . Stapp Car Crash Journal , Vol. 46 : 461 – 476 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Provenzano , P P , Heisey , D , Hayashi , K , Lakes , R and Vanderby , R Jr. 2002 . Subfailure Damage in Ligament: A Structural and Cellular Evaluation . J Appl Physiol , Vol. 92 : 362 – 371 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reinschmidt , C and Bogert , T VD . 1997 . KineMat: Custom Matlab Software , Human Performance Laboratory, The University of Calgary . http://www.isbweb.org/software/. Accessed May 2005
   Google Scholar
• Schmitt , K-U , Muser , M H , Walz , F H and Niederer , P F . 2002 . Nkm—A Proposal for a Neck Protection Criterion for Low-Speed Rear-End Impacts . Traffic Inj Prev , Vol. 3 : 117 – 126 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Siegmund , G P , Heinrichs , B E , Lawrence , J M and Philippens , M . 2001 . “ Kinetic and Kinematic Responses of the RID2a, Hybrid III and Human volunteers in Low-Speed Rear-End Collisions ” . Society of Automotive Engineers Paper No. 2001-22-0011
   Google Scholar
• Spitzer , W O , Skovron , M L , Salmi , L R , Cassidy , J D , Duranceau , J , Suissa , S and Zeiss , E . 1995 . Scientific Monograph of the Quebec Task Force on Whiplash-Associated Disorders: Redefining “Whiplash” and Its Management . Spine , Vol. 20 : 1S – 73S . [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sturzenegger , M , DiStefano , G , Radanov , B P and Schnidrig , A . 1994 . Presenting Symptoms and Signs After Whiplash Injury: The Influence of Accident Mechanisms . Neurology , Vol. 44 : 688 – 693 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sturzenegger , M , Radanov , B P and Di Stefano , G . 1995 . The Effect of Accident Mechanisms and Initial Findings on the Long-Term Course of Whiplash Injury . J Neurol , Vol. 242 : 443 – 449 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Svensson , M Y , Bostrom , O , Davidsson , J , Hansson , H A , Haland , Y , Lovsund , P , Suneson , A and Saljo , A . 2000 . Neck Injuries in Car Collisions—A Review Covering a Possible Injury Mechanism and the Development of a New Rear-Impact Dummy . Accid Anal Prev , Vol. 32 : 167 – 175 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor , J R and Twomey , L T . 1993 . Acute Injuries to Cervical Joints. An Autopsy Study of Neck Sprain . Spine , Vol. 18 : 1115 – 1122 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uhrenholt , L , Grunnet-Nilsson , N and Hartvigsen , J . 2002 . Cervical Spine Lesions After Road Traffic Accidents: A Systematic Review . Spine , Vol. 27 : 1934 – 1941 . [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Viano , D C and Davidsson , J . 2002 . Neck Displacements of Volunteers, BioRID P3 and Hybrid III in Rear Impacts: Implications to Whiplash Assessment by a Neck Displacement Criterion (NDC) . Traffic Inj Prev , Vol. 3 : 105 – 116 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Walker , L , Harris , E and Pontius , U . 1973 . Mass, Volume, Center of Mass, and Mass Moment of Inertia of Head and Neck of Human Body . Society of Automotive Engineers , Paper No. 730985 [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Zuby , D S , Troy Vann , D , Lund , A K and Morris , C R . 1999 . Crash Test Evaluation of Whiplash Injury risk . Society of Automotive Engineers , Paper No. 99SC17[CSA]
   Google Scholar