Research Study on Neck Injury Lessening with Active Head Restraint Using Human Body FE Model

REFERENCES

• Boström , O , Svensson , M , Aldman , B , Hansson , H , Haland , Y , Lovsund , P , Seeman , T , Suneson , A , Saljo , A and Ortengen , T . . A New Neck Injury Criterion Candidate Based on Injury Findings in the Cervical Spinala Ganglia after Experimental Neck Extension Trauma . Proc. International Conference on the Biomechanics of Impacts . pp. 123 – 136 .
   Google Scholar
• Deng , B , Begeman , P , Yang , K , Tashman , S and King , A . 2000 . Kinematics of Human Cadaver Cervical Spine During Low Speed Rear-End Impacts . Stapp Car Crash Journal , Vol. 44 : 171 – 188 .
   Google Scholar
• Hasegawa , J . . A Study of Neck Soft Tissue Injury Mechanisms during Whiplash Using Human FE Model . Proc. International Conference on the Biomechanics of Impacts . pp. 321 – 322 .
   Google Scholar
• Iwamoto , M , Kisanuki , Y , Watanabe , I , Furusu , K , Miki , K and Hasegawa , J . . Development of a Finite Element Model of the Total Human Model for Safety (THUMS) and Application to Injury Reconstruction . Proc. International Conference on the Biomechanics of Impacts . pp. 31 – 42 .
   Google Scholar
• Jakobsson , L . 2004 . Field Analysis of AIS1 Neck Injuries in Rear End Car Impacts—Injury Reducing Effect of WHIPS , Thesis Göteborg, , Sweden : Chalmers University of Technology .
   Google Scholar
• Japanese National Police Agency . 2004 . Traffic Green Paper 2003 (In Japanese)
   Google Scholar
• Kitagawa , Y , Yasuki , T and Hasegawa , J . 2006 . A Study of Cervical Spine Kinematics and Joint Capsule Strain in Rear Impacts Using a Human FE Model . Stapp Car Crash Journal , Vol. 50 : 545 – 566 .
   Google Scholar
• Kitagawa , Y , Yasuki , T and Hasegawa , J . . Consideration of Possible Indicators for Whiplash Injury Assessment and Examination of Seat Design Parameters using Human FE Model . Proc. 20th ESV Conference .
   Google Scholar
• Kitagawa , Y , Yasuki , T and Hasegawa , J . . A Study of Head and Neck Kinematics in Rear Impact and Whiplash Injury Predictors Using Human FE Model . Proc. World Congress on Neck Pain .
   Google Scholar
• Kraft , R , Kullugren , A , Ydenius , A , Bostrom , O , Haland , Y and Tingvall , C . Rear Impact Neck Protection by Reducing Occupant Forward Acceleration—A Study of Cars on Swedish Roads Equipped with Crash Recorders and a New Anti-Whiplash Device . Proc. International Conference on the Biomechanics of Impacts . pp. 221 – 231 .
   Google Scholar
• Kullgren , A , Krafft , M , Lie , A and Tingvall , C . . The Effect of Whiplash Protection Systems in Real-Life Crashes and Their Correlation to Consumer Crash Test Programmes . Proc. 20th ESV Conference .
   Google Scholar
• Lee , K , Davis , M , Mejilla , R and Winkelstein , B . 2004 . In Vivo Cervical Facet Capsule Distraction: Mechanical Implications for Whiplash and Neck Pain . Stapp Car Crash Journal , Vol. 48 : 373 – 395 .
   Google Scholar
• Lu , Y , Chen , C , Kallakuri , S , Patwardhan , A and Cavanaugh , J . 2005 . Neural Response of Cervical Facet Joint Capsule to Stretch: A Study of Whiplash Pain Mechanism . Stapp Car Crash Journal , Vol. 49 : 49 – 66 .
   Google Scholar
• Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport . . Proc. 3rd Car Safety Symposium .
   Google Scholar
• Ono , K and Kaneoka , K . . Motion Analysis of Human Cervical Vertebrae during Low Speed Rear Impacts by the Simulated Sled . Proc. International Conference on the Biomechanics of Impacts . pp. 223 – 237 .
   Google Scholar
• Sawada , M and Hasegawa , J . . Development of New Whiplash Prevention Seat . Proc. 19th ESV Conference .
   Google Scholar
• Sekizuka , M . . Seat Designs for Whiplash Injury Lessening . Proc. 16th ESV Conference .
   Google Scholar
• Siegmund , G P , Myers , B S , Davis , M B , Bohnet , H F and Winkelstein , B A . 2000 . Human Cervical Motion Segment Flexibility and Facet Capsular Ligament Strain under Combined Posterior Shear, Extension and Axial Compression . Stapp Car Crash Journal , Vol. 44 : 159 – 170 .
   Google Scholar
• Svensson , Y , Aldman , B Lövsund , P . . Pressure Effects in the Spinal Canal During Whiplash Extension Motion: A Possible Cause of Injury to the Cervical Spinal Ganglia . Proc. International Conference on the Biomechanics of Impacts . pp. 189 – 200 .
   Google Scholar
• Winkelstein , B , Nightingale , R , Richardson , W and Myers , B . . Cervical Facet Joint Mechanics: Its Application to Whiplash Injury . Proc. 43rd Stapp Car Crash Conference . pp. 243 – 265 .
   Google Scholar
• Yamada , H . 1970 . Strength of Biological Materials , Edited by: Evans , F. G. Baltimore : Williams & Wilkins Company .
   Google Scholar
• Yoganandan , N , Pintar , A , Kumaresan , S and Elhagediab , A . . Biomechanical Assessment of Human Cervical Spine Ligaments . Proc. 42nd Stapp Car Crash Conference .
   Google Scholar