436
Views
11
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Evaluation of Deterrent Impact of Ontario's Street Racing and Stunt Driving Law on Extreme Speeding Convictions

, , , , &
Pages 786-793 | Received 16 Dec 2013, Accepted 30 Jan 2014, Published online: 15 Jul 2014

References

  • Åberg L. Traffic rules and traffic safety. Saf Sci. 1998;29:205–215.
  • Arnett JJ, Offer D, Fine MA. Reckless driving in adolescence: “state” and “trait” factors. Accid Anal Prev. 1997;29(1):57–63.
  • Beirness DJ, Mayhew DR, Simpson HM, Desmond K. The Road Safety Monitor 2004: Young Drivers. Ottawa, ON, Canada: Traffic Injury Research Foundation; 2004.
  • Bina M, Graziano F, Bonino S. Risky driving and lifestyles in adolescence. Accid Anal Prev. 2006;38:472–481.
  • Box G, Jenkins G. Time Series Analysis: Forecasting and Control. San Francisco, CA: Holden Day; 1970.
  • Box G, Tiao GC. Intervention analysis with applications to economic and environmental problems. J Am Stat Assoc. 1975;70(349):70–79.
  • Casey BJ, Getz S, Galvan A. The adolescent brain. Dev Rev. 2008;28:62–77.
  • Clark B, Scully M, Hoareau E, Newstead S. “Hooning” around: a focus group exploration into the effectiveness of vehicle impoundment legislation. Paper presented at: Australasian Road Safety Research, Policing and Education Conference; November 6–9, 2011; Perth, Australia.
  • Cryer JD, Chan KS. Time Series Analyses With Applications in R. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Springer, 2008.
  • Daigle D, Seeley J, Vingilis E. 2014 Street racing: content analysis of coverage and framing by Canadian newspapers. In: Proceedings of 24th Canadian Multidisciplinary Road Safety Conference, Vancouver, Canada. http://www.carsp.ca/research/research-papers/research-papers-search/download-info/street-racing-content-analysis-of-coverage-and-framing-by-canadian-newspapers/
  • Davey JD, Freeman JE. Improving road safety through deterrence-based initiatives: a review of research. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2011;11:29–37.
  • DeYoung DJ. An evaluation of the specific deterrent effects of vehicle impoundment on suspended, revoked, and unlicensed drivers in California. Accid Anal Prev. 1999;31(1–2):45–53.
  • DeYoung DJ. An evaluation of the general deterrent effect of vehicle impoundment on suspended and revoked drivers in California. J Safety Res. 2000;31(2):51–59.
  • Elder RW, Shults RA, Sleet DA, et al. Effectiveness of sobriety checkpoints for reducing alcohol-involved crashes. Traffic Inj Prev. 2002;3:266–274.
  • Gee Kee A, Palk GV, Steinhardt DA. Hooning driving behaviour: prevalence, associated characteristics and crashes. Paper presented at: Australasian Road Safety Research, Policing and Education Conference; 2007; Melbourne, Australia.
  • Geller ES, Berry TD, Ludwig TD, et al. A conceptual framework for developing and evaluating behavior change interventions for injury control. Health Educ Res. 1990;5(2):125–137.
  • Glendon AI. Neuroscience and young drivers. In: Porter B, ed. Handbook of Traffic Psychology. San Diego, CA: Academic Press; 2011:109–126.
  • Gibbs JP. Crime, Punishment, and Deterrence. New York, NY: Elsevier; 1975.
  • Grembowski D. The Practice of Health Program Evaluation. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 2001.
  • Johnson SB, Jones VC. Adolescent development and risk of injury: using developmental science to improve interventions. Inj Prev. 2001;17:50–54.
  • Kambam P, Thompson C. The development of decision-making capacities in children and adolescents: psychological and neurological perspectives and their implications for juvenile defendants. Behav Sci Law. 2009;27:173–190.
  • Katz MH. Evaluating Clinical and Public Health Interventions: A Practical Guide to Study Design and Statistics. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press; 2010.
  • Knight S, Cook LJ, Olson LM. The fast and the fatal: street racing fatal crashes in the United States. Inj Prev. 2004;10:53–55.
  • Lawrynowicz and Associates. Ontario Speeding Tickets. Stunt Driving/Racing. Available at: http://speedingontario.com/stunt-driving.php. Accessed July 15, 2013.
  • Leal NL. Illegal Street Racing and Associated (Hooning) Behaviours [thesis]. Brisbane, Australia: Queensland University of Technology; 2010.
  • Leal NL, Watson BC. The road safety implications of illegal street racing and associated risky driving behaviours: an analysis of offences and offenders. Accid Anal Prev. 2011;43:1547–1554.
  • Leal NL, Watson BC, Armstrong C, King M. “There's no way in hell I would pull up”: Deterrent and other effects of vehicle impoundment laws for hooning. Paper presented at: Australasian Road Safety Research, Policing and Education Conference; 2009; Sydney, Australia.
  • Leigh A. Youth and street racing. Curr Issues Crim Justice. 1996;7:388–393.
  • Meirambayeva A. Evaluation of Ontario's Street Racers, Stunt and Aggressive Drivers Legislation [thesis]. London, ON, Canada: University of Western Ontario; 2013.
  • McLeod AI. Javascript for Online Power Computation in Intervention Analysis. Available at: http://www.stats.uwo.ca/faculty/aim/2007/OnlinePower. Accessed June 5, 2013.
  • McLeod AI, Vingilis ER. Power computations in time series analyses for traffic safety interventions. Accid Anal Prev. 2008;40:1244–1248.
  • Ministry of Transportation of Ontario. Bill 203—Safer Roads for a Safer Ontario Act. 2010a. Available at http://www.mto.gov.on.ca/english/about/bill203.shtml. Accessed June 13, 2012.
  • Ministry of Transportation of Ontario. Driving the Speed Limit. 2010b. Available at http://www.mto.gov.on.ca/english/safety/topics/speed.shtml. Accessed June 30, 2013.
  • Ministry of Transportation of Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Transportation. Ontario Road Safety Annual Report (ORSAR). 2010c.
  • Nichols J, Ross HL. The effectiveness of legal sanctions in dealing with drinking drivers. In: Surgeon General's Workshop on Drunk Driving: Background Papers. Rockville, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Office of the Surgeon General; 1988.
  • Oliveira M. Racing Law Not Deterring Speeders as Hoped. The Canadian Press; 2008. Available at: http://www.thestar.com/news/ontario/article/508521–racing-law-not-deterring-speeders-as-hoped. Accessed July 7, 2013.
  • Ontario. Highway Traffic Act (HTA), R.S.O. 1990, Chapter H.8. 2012. Available at: http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/html/statutes/english/elaws_statutes_90h08_e.htm. Accessed February 4, 2014.
  • Peak KJ, Glensor RW. Problem-Oriented Guides for Police Problem-Specific Guides Series. Street Racing. Vol 28. Washington, DC: US Department of Justice; 2004.
  • Police traffic safety blitz starts today. The Record. May 14, 2012. Available at: http://www.therecord.com/print/article/724178. Accessed August 8, 2012.
  • Rossi H, Freeman HE, Lipsey MW. Evaluation: A Systematic Approach. 6th ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 1999.
  • Shults RA, Elder RW, Sleet DA, Thompson RS, Nichols JL. Primary enforcement seat belt laws are effective even in the face of rising belt use rates. Accid Anal Prev. 2004;36:491–493.
  • Smart R, Mann RE, Stoduto G, et al. Is there a link between street racing and mental health? Australas Psychiatry. 2012;20(2):166–167.
  • Smart R, Stoduto G, Vingilis E, et al. Preliminary results for street racing among adults in Ontario: relations to alcohol and cannabis use [Letter]. Can J Public Health. 2011;102:398.
  • Smart R, Vingilis E, Mann RE, Stoduto G. Preventing street racing: should we concentrate on changing the driver or the car? Paper presented at: 20th Canadian Multidisciplinary Road Safety Conference; June 6–9, 2010; Niagara Falls, Canada.
  • Spear L. Adolescent neurodevelopment. J Adolesc Health. 2013;52:S7–S13.
  • Steinberg L. Risk-taking in adolescence. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2004;1021:51–58.
  • Steinberg L. A social neuroscience perspective on adolescent risk-taking. Dev Rev. 2008;28:78–106.
  • Steinberg L. A dual systems model of adolescent risk-taking. Dev Psychobiol. 2010;52:216–224.
  • Vaaranen K, Wielock N. Car crashes and dead end careers: leisure pursuits of the Finnish subculture of the kortteliralli street racing. Young: Nordic J Youth Res. 2012;10:42–58.
  • Valiquet D. Bill C-19: An Act to Amend the Criminal Code (Street Racing) and to Make a Consequential Amendment to the Corrections and Conditional Release Act. 2007. LS-531E. Available at: http://www.parl.gc.ca/39/1/parlbus/chambus/house/bills/summaries/c19-e.pdf. Accessed February 18, 2009.
  • Vingilis E. A new look at deterrence. In: Wilson RJ, Mann RE, eds. Drinking and Driving: Advances in Research and Prevention. New York, NY: Guilford Press; 1990.
  • Vingilis E, Blefgen H, Lei H, Sykora K, Mann RE. An evaluation of the deterrent impact of Ontario's 12-hour licence suspension law. Accid Anal Prev. 1988;20:9–17.
  • Vingilis E, Seeley J, Wiesenthal D, et al. Street racing and stunt driving in Ontario, Canada: Results of a web-based survey of car and racing enthusiasts. Transport Res Part F Traffic Psychol Behav. 2013a;21:30–42.
  • Vingilis E, Seeley J, Wiesenthal DL, et al. Street racing video games and risk-taking driving: an Internet survey of automobile enthusiasts. Accid Anal Prev. 2013b;50:1–7.
  • Vingilis E, Smart RG. Street racing: a neglected research area? Traffic Inj Prev. 2009;10(2):148–156.
  • Vingilis E, Smart RG, Mann RE, et al. Prevalence and correlates of street racing among Ontario high school students. Traffic Inj Prev. 2011;12:443–450.
  • Vingilis E, Wilk P. Self-reported motor vehicle injury prevention strategies, risky driving behaviours, and subsequent motor vehicle injuries: analysis of the Canadian National Population Health Survey. Can Public Policy. 2010;36(1):s69–s80.
  • Voas RB, DeYoung DJ. Vehicle action: effective policy for controlling drunk and other high-risk drivers? Accid Anal Prev. 2002;34(3):263–270.
  • Warn J, Tranter PJ, Kingham S. Fast and Furious 3: illegal street racing, sensation seeking and risky driving behaviours in New Zealand. Paper presented at: 27th Australasian Transport Research Forum; September 29–October 1, 2004; Adelaide, Australia.
  • Wiesenthal DL, Singhal DM. Evolutionary psychology, demography and driver safety research: a theoretical synthesis. In: Roberts LSC, ed. Applied Evolutionary Psychology. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press; 2012:399–413.
  • Wilson M, Daly M. Competitiveness, risk taking, and violence: the young male syndrome. Ethol Sociobiol. 1985;6:59–63.
  • Worrall JL, Tibbetts SG. Explaining San Diego's decline in illegal street-racing casualties. Justice Q. 2006;23:530–544.
  • York Regional Police. Project E.R.A.S.E.: Eliminate Racing Activity on Streets Everywhere. Available at http://www.yrp.ca/erase./ Accessed September 28, 2012.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.