387
Views
20
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Association Between Travel Length and Drug Use Among Brazilian Truck Drivers

, , , , , , , & show all
Pages 5-9 | Received 17 Jan 2014, Accepted 18 Mar 2014, Published online: 26 Sep 2014

References

  • Bernhoft IM, Hels T, Lyckegaard A, Prevalence and risk of injury in Europe by driving with alcohol, illicit drugs and medicines. Procedia Soc Behav Sci. 2012;48:2907–2916.
  • Burns M. Cocaine effects on performance. In: Utzelmann HD, Berghaus G, Kroj G, eds. Alcohol, Drugs, and Traffic Safety-T’92, Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Alcohol, Drugs and Traffic Safety. 1993.
  • Caldwell JA, Caldwell JL, Darlington KK. Utility of dextroamphetamine for attenuating the impact of sleep deprivation in pilots. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2003;74:1125–1134.
  • Catania JA, Kegeles SM, Coates TJ. Towards an understanding of risk behavior: an AIDS risk reduction model (ARRM). Health Educ Q. 1990;17(1):53–72.
  • Cody JT. Precursor medications as a source of methamphetamine and/or amphetamine positive drug testing results. J Occup Environ Med. 2002;44:435–450.
  • Comiran E, Souza DZ, Boehl PO, et al. Fenproporex and amphetamine pharmacokinetics in oral fluid after controlled oral administration of fenproporex. Ther Drug Monit. 2012;34:545–553.
  • Departamento Nacional de Trânsito (National Traffic Department) (DENATRAN). Impactos sociais e econômicos dos acidentes de trânsito nas rodovias brasileiras [Social and economical impacts of road traffic accidents in Brazil]. Brasilia, Brazil: Departamento Nacional de Trânsito; 2006.
  • European Union. Regulation (EC) no 561/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 March 2006 on the harmonisation of certain social legislation relating to road transport and amending Council Regulations (EEC) no 3821/85 and (EC) no 2135/98 and repealing Council Regulation (EEC) no 3820/85. Off J Eur Union. 2006;49(L102):1–13.
  • Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. Hours of service of drivers. Fed Regist. 2011;76:81134–81188.
  • Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. DOT/FMCSA drug & alcohol testing program. n.d. Available at: http://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/safety-security/drug-alcohol/index.aspx.
  • Friswell R, Williamson A. Exploratory study of fatigue in light and short haul transport drivers in NSW, Australia. Accid Anal Prev. 2008;40(1):410–417.
  • Gates J, Dubois S, Mullen N, Weaver B, Bedard M. The influence of stimulants on truck driver crash responsibility in fatal crashes. Forensic Sci Int. 2013;228(1–3):15–20.
  • Gjerde H, Christophersen AS, Normann PT, Mørland J. Associations between substance use and fatal road traffic accidents among car and van drivers in Norway: a case-control study. Transp Res Part F Traffic Psychol Behav. 2013;17:134–145.
  • Gustafson RA, Moolchan ET, Barnes A, Levine B, Huestis MA. Validated method for the simultaneous determination of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-hydroxy-THC and 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC in human plasma using solid phase extraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry with positive chemical ionization. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2003;798(1):145–154.
  • Hjälmdahl M, Vadeby A, Forsman A, et al. Effects of d-amphetamine on simulated driving performance before and after sleep deprivation. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2012;222:401–411.
  • Hosmer DW, Lemeshow S. Applied Logistic Regression. New York, NY: Wiley; 2000.
  • Kelly TH, Foltin RW, Fischman MW. The effects of repeated amphetamine exposure on multiple measures of human behavior. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1991;38:417–426.
  • Knauth DR, Pilecco FB, Leal AF, Seffner F, Teixeira AM. Staying awake: truck drivers’ vulnerability in Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil. Rev Saude Publica 2012;46:886–893.
  • Leyton V, Sinagawa DM, Oliveira KC, et al. Amphetamine, cocaine and cannabinoids use among truck drivers on the roads in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Forensic Sci Int. 2012;215:25–27.
  • Mabbott NA, Hartley LR. Patterns of stimulant use on Western Australian heavy transport routes. Transp Res Part F Traffic Psychol Behav. 1999;2:115–130.
  • Nascimento EC, Nascimento E, Silva JP. Alcohol and amphetamines use among long-distance truck drivers. Rev Saude Publica. 2007;41(2):290–293.
  • National Transport Commission. Heavy Vehicle Driver Fatigue Reform—Standard Hours Explained. Melbourne, Australia: National Transport Commission; 2008. Available at: http://www.ntc.gov.au/filemedia/Publications/HVDF_Standard_July08.pdf.
  • Newcombe RG. Two-sided confidence intervals for the single proportion: comparison of seven methods. Stat Med. 1998;17:857–872.
  • Noce F, Tufik S, de Mello MT. Professional drivers and working time: journey span, rest, and accidents. Sleep Sci. 2008;1:20–26.
  • Oliveira LG, Endo LG, Sinagawa DM, Persistent amphetamine consumption by truck drivers in Sao Paulo State, Brazil, despite the ban on production, prescription, and use. Cad Saude Publica. 2013;29:1903–1909.
  • Pinho RS, da Silva-Junior FP, Bastos JP, et al. Hypersomnolence and accidents in truck drivers: a cross-sectional study. Chronobiol Int. 2006;23:963–971.
  • Robb G, Sultana S, Ameratunga S, Jackson R. A systematic review of epidemiological studies investigating risk factors for work-related road traffic crashes and injuries. Injury Prev. 2008;14(1):51–58.
  • Scheidweiler KB, Huestis MA. A validated gas chromatographic-electron impact ionization mass spectrometric method for methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), methamphetamine and metabolites in oral fluid. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2006;835(1–2):90–99.
  • Silber BY, Papafotiou K, Croft RJ, The effects of dexamphetamine on simulated driving performance. Psychopharmacology (Berl.). 2005;179:536–543.
  • Silva OA, Greve JMD, Yonamine M, Leyton V. Drug use by truck drivers in Brazil. Drugs (Abingdon, Engl). 2003;10(2):135–139.
  • Starmer GA, Mascord D, Tattam B, Zeleny R. Analysis of Drugs in Saliva. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service; 1994.
  • Stillman R, Jones RT, Moore D, Walker J, Welm S. Improved performance 4 hours after cocaine. Psychopharmacology (Berl.). 1993;110:415–420.
  • Takitane J, de Oliveira LG, Endo LG, et al. Amphetamine use by truck drivers on highways of Sao Paulo State: a risk for the occurrence of traffic accidents? Cien Saude Colet. 2013;18:1247–1254.
  • Ulhoa MA, Marqueze EC, Lemos LC, et al. Minor psychiatric disorders and working conditions in truck drivers. Rev Saude Publica. 2010;44:1130–1136.
  • US Department of Transportation. Procedures for transportation workplace drug and alcohol testing programs. Washington, DC: Department of Transportation; 2012. Available at: http://www.dot.gov/sites/dot.dev/files/docs/PART40_2012.pdf.
  • Wendler EA, Busato CR, Miyoshi E. The use of amphetamines by truck drivers in order to reduce sleep. Publ UEPG Ci Biol Saude (Ponta Grossa). 2003;9:7–14.
  • Wilson EB. Probable inference, the law of succession, and statistical inference. J Am Stat Assoc. 1927;22:209–212.
  • Yonamine M, Silva OA. Confirmation of cocaine exposure by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry of urine extracts after methylation of benzoylecgonine. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2002;773(1):83–87.
  • Zancanaro I, Limberger RP, Bohel PO, et al. Prescription and illicit psychoactive drugs in oral fluid—LC-MS/MS method development and analysis of samples from Brazilian drivers. Forensic Sci Int. 2012;223(1–3):208–216.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.