447
Views
10
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

The Effects of Cyclists Present at Rural Intersections on Speed Behavior and Workload of Car Drivers: A Driving Simulator Study

, , &
Pages 254-259 | Received 15 Aug 2013, Accepted 18 Jun 2014, Published online: 06 Dec 2014

References

  • Basford L, Reid S, Lester T, Thomson J, Tolmie A. Drivers’ Perceptions of Cyclists. Crowthorne, UK: Transport Research Laboratory; 2002. TRL549.
  • Björklund GM, Aberg L. Driver behaviour in intersections: formal and informal traffic rules. Transp Res Part F Traffic Psychol Behav. 2005;8:239–253.
  • Brown ID, Poulton EC. Measuring the spare mental capacity of car drivers by a subsidiary task. Ergonomics. 1961;4:35–40.
  • Candappa N, Christoph M, van Duijvenvoorde K, et al. Traffic Safety Basic Facts 2011; Cyclists. Deliverable D3.9 of the EC FP7 project DaCoTA. European Road Safety Observatory; 2011.
  • Cohen J. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Academic Press; 1988.
  • CROW. Richtlijn Verkeersplateaus; Aanvulling op CROW-Publicatie 172 “Richtlijn Verkeersdrempels ” [Guidelines for plateaus]. Ede, The Netherlands: CROW Kenniscentrum voor Verkeer, Vervoer en Infrastructuur; 2007.
  • Elvik R. Laws of accident causation. Accid Anal Prev. 2006;38:742–747.
  • Harms L. Variation in drivers’ cognitive load. Effects of driving through village areas and rural junctions. Ergonomics. 1991;34:151–160.
  • Herslund M-B, Jorgensen NO. Looked-but-failed-to-see-errors in traffic. Accid Anal Prev. 2003;35:885–891.
  • Hoekstra ATG, Houtenbos M. Maken Automobilisten in hun Gedrag Onderscheid Tussen Kruisende Fietsers en Automobilisten?: Experimentele Vragenlijststudie Onder Automobilisten Naar Verkeerssituaties Binnen de Bebouwde Kom [Do drivers show different behaviour towards intersecting cyclists and intersecting drivers?: Experimental questionnaire study among drivers in urban traffic situations].Leidschendam, The Netherlands: SWOV; 2013. . R-2013-11A.
  • Houtenbos M. Expecting the Unexpected; a Study of Interactive Driving Behaviour at Intersections [PhD thesis]. Delft, The Netherlands: Delft University of Technology; 2008.
  • Jacobsen PL. Safety in numbers: more walkers and bicyclists, safer walking and bicycling. Inj Prev. 2003;9:205–209.
  • Ministry of Transport. Crash Statistics 1987–2009. Den Haag: Author; 2010.
  • Montella A, Aria M, D’Ambrosio A, Galante F, Mauriello F, Pernetti M. Simulator evaluation of drivers’ speed, deceleration and lateral position at rural intersections in relation to different perceptual cues. Accid Anal Prev. 2011;43:2072–2084.
  • NHTSA. Fatality Analysis Reporting System. 2013. Available at: http://www-fars.nhtsa.dot.gov/QueryTool/QuerySection/SelectYear.aspx. Accessed July 30, 2013.
  • Pace J-F, Martinez-Pérez C, Sanmartín J, et al. Traffic Safety Basic Facts 2011; Roads Outside Urban Areas. Deliverable D3.9 of the EC FP7 project DaCoTA. European Road Safety Observatory; 2011.
  • Phillips RO, Bjørnskau T, Hagman R, Sagberg F. Reduction in car–bicycle conflict at a road–cycle path intersection: evidence of road user adaptation? Transp Res Part F Traffic Psychol Behav. 2011;14:87–95.
  • Räsänen M, Koivisto I, Summala H. Car driver and bicyclist behavior at bicycle crossings under different priority regulations. J Safety Res. 1999;30:67–77.
  • Räsänen M, Summala H. Attention and expectation problems in bicycle–car collisions: an in-depth study. Accid Anal Prev. 1998;30:657–666.
  • Reynolds C, Harris M, Teschke K, Cripton P, Winters M. The impact of transportation infrastructure on bicycling injuries and crashes: a review of the literature. Environ Health. 2009;8:47.
  • Rodarius C, Mordaka J, Versmissen T. Bicycle Safety in Bicycle to Car Accidents. Helmond, The Netherlands: TNO Science and Industry; 2008. TNO-033-HM-2008-00354.
  • Rogers SD, Kadar EE, Costall A. Gaze patterns in the visual control of straight-road driving and braking as a function of speed and expertise. Ecol Psychol. 2005;17:19–38.
  • Rosén E, Sander U. Pedestrian fatality risk as a function of car impact speed. Accid Anal Prev. 2009;41:536–542.
  • Rosén E, Stigson H, Sander U. Literature review of pedestrian fatality risk as a function of car impact speed. Accid Anal Prev. 2011;43:25–33.
  • Rudin-Brown C, Jamson S. Behavioural Adaptation and Road Safety: Theory, Evidence, and Action. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 2013.
  • Schepers JP, Kroeze PA, Sweers W, Wüst JC. Road factors and bicycle–motor vehicle crashes at unsignalized priority intersections. Accid Anal Prev. 2011;43:853–861.
  • Schepers JP, Voorham J. Oversteekongevallen Met Fietsers; Het Effect van Infrastructuurkenmerken op Voorrangskruispunten [Crossing accidents with cyclists].Delft, The Netherlands: Rijkswaterstaat Dienst Verkeer en Scheepvaart DVS; 2010.
  • Stinchcombe A, Gagnon S. Driving in dangerous territory: complexity and road-characteristics influence attentional demand. Transp Res Part F Traffic Psychol Behav. 2010;13:388–396.
  • Stoner HA, Fisher DL, Mollenhauer M. Simulator and scenario factors influencing simulator sickness. In: Fisher DL, Rizzo M, Caird JK, Lee JD, eds. Handbook of Driving Simulation for Engineering, Medicine and Psychology. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 2011: 14-01–14-24.
  • Summala H, Pasanen E, Räsänen M, Sievänen J. Bicycle accidents and drivers’ visual search at left and right turns. Accid Anal Prev. 1996;28:147–153.
  • Teasdale N, Cantin V, Desroches G, Blouin J, Simoneau M. Attentional demands while driving in a simulator: effects of driving straights on open roads, approaching intersections and doubling maneuvers. Adv Transp Stud. 2004;12:29–38.
  • Theeuwes J, Hagenzieker MP. Visual search of traffic scenes: on the effect of location expectations. In: Gale AG, ed. Vision in Vehicles IV. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1993:149–158.
  • Tingvall C, Haworth N. Vision Zero—an ethical approach to safety and mobility. Paper presented at: 6th ITE International Conference Road Safety & Traffic Enforcement: Beyond 2000; September 6–7, 1999; Melbourne, Australia.
  • van der Horst ARA. A Time-Based Analysis of Road User Behaviour in Normal and Critical Encounters [dissertation].Delft, The Netherlands: Technische Universiteit Delft; 1990.
  • van der Horst ARA, Hogema JH. Driving simulator research on safe highway design and operation. Transp Res Rec. 2011;2011:87–95.
  • van der Horst ARA, Martens MH. The Peripheral Detection Task (PDT): on-line measurement of driver cognitive workload and selective attention. In: Rupp GL, ed. Performance Metrics for Assessing Driver Distraction: The Quest for Improved Road Safety. Warrendale, PA: SAE International; 2010:73–89.
  • van Hassel E, de Lange R. Bicyclist Safety in Bicycle to Car Accidents: An Inventory Study. Delft: TNO Automotive; 2006. 06.OR.SA.031.1/RDL.
  • Vlakveld W. Hazard Anticipation of Young Novice Drivers; Assessing and Enhancing the Capabilities of Young Novice Drivers to Anticipate Latent Hazards in Road and Traffic Situations [PhD thesis]. Groningen, The Netherlands: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen; 2011.
  • Wegman F, Aarts L. Advancing Sustainable Safety; National Road Safety Outlook for 2005–2020. Leidschendam, The Netherlands: SWOV Institute for Road Safety Research; 2006.
  • Wegman F, Zhang F, Dijkstra A. How to make more cycling good for road safety? Accid Anal Prev. 2010;44:19–29.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.