Age- and Sex-Specific Thorax Finite Element Model Development and Simulation

References

• Agnew AM, Kang Y-S, Moorhouse K, Herriott R, Bolte JH. Age-related changes in stiffness in human ribs. Paper presented at: IRCOBI; September 2013; Gothenburg, Sweden.
   Google Scholar
• Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine. The Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) Update 98 Manual. Des Plaines, IL: AAAM; 2001.
   Google Scholar
• Bookstein F, Schäfer K, Prossinger H, et al. Comparing frontal cranial profiles in archaic and modern Homo by morphometric analysis. Anat Rec. 1999;257(6):217–224.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cavanaugh JM. Biomechanics of thoracic trauma. In: Nahum AM, Melvin JW, eds. Accidental Injury: Biomechanics and Prevention. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag; 2002:374–404.
   Google Scholar
• Deng Y-C, Kong W, Ho H. Development of a Finite Element Human Thorax Model for Impact Injury Studies. Warrendale, PA: SAE; 1999. SAE Technical Paper No. 1999–01–0715.
   Google Scholar
• Donato G, Belongie S. Approximate thin plate spline mappings. In: Proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2002), Part III, LNCS 2352; Heyden A, Sparr G, Nielsen M, Johansen P, editors. New York: Springer; 2002:21–31.
   Google Scholar
• El-Jawahri RE, Laituri TR, Ruan JS, Rouhana SW, Barbat SD. Development and validation of age-dependent FE human models of a mid-sized male thorax. Stapp Car Crash J. 2010;54:407–430.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Eppinger RH, Augustyn K, Robbins DH. Development of a Promising Universal Thoracic Trauma Prediction Methodology. Warrendale, PA: SAE; 1978. SAE Technical Paper No. 780891.
   Google Scholar
• Finelli FC, Jonsson J, Champion HR, Morelli S, Fouty WJ. A case control study for major trauma in geriatric patients. J Trauma. 1989;29:541–548.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forman JL, Kent RW, Mroz K, Pipkorn B, Bostrom O, Segui-Gomez M. Predicting rib fracture risk with whole-body finite element models: development and preliminary evaluation of a probabilistic analytical framework. Annu Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med. 2012;56:109–124.
   Google Scholar
• Gayzik FS, Loftis KL, Slice DE, Stitzel JD. A finite element study of age-based size and shape variation of the human rib cage. Biomed Sci Instrum. 2006;42:19–24.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gayzik FS, Moreno D, Geer C, Wuertzer S, Martin R, Stitzel J. Development of a full body CAD dataset for computational modeling: a multi-modality approach. Ann Biomed Eng. 2011;39:2568–2583.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gayzik FS, Yu MM, Danelson KA, Slice DE, Stitzel JD. Quantification of age-related shape change of the human rib cage through geometric morphometrics. J Biomech. 2008;41:1545–1554.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Golman AJ, Danelson KA, Miller LE, Stitzel JD. Injury prediction in a side impact crash using human body model simulation. Accid Anal Prev. 2014;64:1–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanna R, Hershman L. Evaluation of Thoracic Injuries Among Older Motor Vehicle Occupants. Washington, DC: NHTSA; 2009. DOT HS 811 101.
   Google Scholar
• Hardy WN, Schneider LW, Rouhana SW. Abdominal impact response to rigid-bar, seatbelt, and airbag loading. Stapp Car Crash J. 2001;45:1–32.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hayes AR, Vavalle NA, Moreno DP, Stitzel JD, Gayzik FS. Validation of simulated chestband data in frontal and lateral loading using a human body finite element model. Traffic Inj Prev. 2014;15(2):181–186.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu J, Rupp JD, Reed MP. Focusing on vulnerable populations in crashes: recent advances in finite element human models for injury biomechanics research. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy. 2012;3:.
   Google Scholar
• Ito O, Dokko Y, Ohashi K. Development of Adult and Elderly FE Thorax Skeletal Models. Warrendale, PA: SAE; 2009. SAE Technical Paper No. 2009–01–0381.
   Google Scholar
• Kemper AR, McNally C, Kennedy EA, Manoogian SJ, Duma SM. The influence of arm position on thoracic response in side impacts. Stapp Car Crash J. 2008;52:379–420.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kemper AR, McNally C, Kennedy EA, et al. Material properties of human rib cortical bone from dynamic tension coupon testing. Stapp Car Crash J. 2005;49:199–230.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kemper AR, McNally C, Pullins CA, Freeman LJ, Duma SM, Rouhana SM. The biomechanics of human ribs: material and structural properties from dynamic tension and bending tests. Stapp Car Crash J. 2007;51:235–273.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kent R, Lee SH, Darvish K, et al. Structural and material changes in the aging thorax and their role in crash protection for older occupants. Stapp Car Crash J. 2005;49:231–249.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kimpara H, Lee JB, Yang KH, et al. Development of a three-dimensional finite element chest model for the 5(th) percentile female. Stapp Car Crash J. 2005;49:251–269.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Koh S-W, Cavanaugh JM, Mason MJ, et al. Shoulder injury and response due to lateral glenohumeral joint impact: an analysis of combined data. Stapp Car Crash J. 2005;49:291–322.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lebarbé M, Petit P. New biofidelity targets for the thorax of a 50th percentile adult male in frontal impact. Paper presented at: IRCOBI; September 2012; Dublin, Ireland.
   Google Scholar
• Li Z, Kindig MW, Kerrigan JR, et al. Rib fractures under anterior–posterior dynamic loads: experimental and finite-element study. J Biomech. 2010;43:228–234.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindahl O, Lindgren AG. Cortical bone in man 1. Variation of the amount and density with age and sex. Acta Orthop. 1967;38(1–4):133–140.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lizee E, Robin S, Song E, et al. Development of a 3D Finite Element Model of the Human Body. Warrendale, PA: SAE; 1998. SAE Technical Paper No. 983152.
   Google Scholar
• Maltese MR, Castner T, Niles D, et al. Methods for determining pediatric thoracic force–deflection characteristics from cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Stapp Car Crash J. 2008;52:83–105.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mattrey RF, Fournier A, Corbeil J, et al. Development and validation of subject-specific finite element models for blunt trauma study. J Biomech Eng. 2008;130(2):021022.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Center for Statistics and Analysis. Traffic Safety Facts: 2012 Motor Vehicle Crashes: Overview. Washington, DC: NHTSA; 2013. DOT HS 811 856.
   Google Scholar
• Perdue PW, Watts DD, Kaufmann CR, Trask AL. Differences in mortality between elderly and younger adult trauma patients: geriatric status increases risk of delayed death. J Trauma. 1998;45:805–810.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plank GR. Analytical Investigation of Driver Thoracic Response to Out of Position Airbag Deployment. Warrendale, PA: SAE;1998. SAE Technical Paper No. 983165.
   Google Scholar
• Ruan J, El-Jawahri R, Chai L, Barbat S, Prasad P. Prediction and analysis of human thoracic impact responses and injuries in cadaver impacts using a full human body finite element model. Stapp Car Crash J. 2003;47:299–321.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shi X, Cao L, Reed MP, Rupp JD, Hoff CN, Hu J. A statistical human rib cage geometry model accounting for variations by age, sex, stature and body mass index. J Biomech. 2014;47:2277–2285.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shorr RM, Rodriguez A, Indeck MC, Crittenden MD, Hartunian S, Cowley RA. Blunt chest trauma in the elderly. J Trauma. 1989;29:234–237.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song E, Trosseille X, Baudrit P. Evaluation of thoracic deflection as an injury criterion for side impact using a finite elements thorax model. Stapp Car Crash J. 2009;53:155–191.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stitzel JD, Cormier JM, Barretta JT, et al. Defining regional variation in the material properties of human rib cortical bone and its effect on fracture prediction. Stapp Car Crash J. 2003;47:243–265.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stitzel JD, Kilgo PD, Danelson KA, Geer CP, Pranikoff T, Meredith JW. Age thresholds for increased mortality of three predominant crash induced head injuries. Annu Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med. 2008;52:235–244.
   Google Scholar
• Tamura A, Watanabe I, Miki K. Elderly human thoracic FE model development and validation. Paper presented at: 19th ESV Conference; 2005; Washington, DC.
   Google Scholar
• Vavalle NA, Moreno DP, Rhyne AC, Stitzel JD, Gayzik FS. Lateral impact validation of a geometrically accurate full body finite element model for blunt injury prediction. Ann Biomed Eng. 2013;41:497–512.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vezin P, Verriest JP. Development of a set of numerical human models for safety. Paper presented at: 19th ESV Conference; 2005; Washington, DC.
   Google Scholar
• Viano DC. Biomechanical Responses and Injuries in Blunt Lateral Impact. Warrendale, PA: SAE; 1989. SAE Technical Paper No. 892432.
   Google Scholar
• Vincent GK, Velkoff VA. The Next Four Decades: The Older Population in the United States: 2010 to 2050. Washington, DC: US Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, US Census Bureau; 2010.
   Google Scholar
• Wang K-C, Yang K. The development of a finite element human thorax model. Paper presented at: Advances in Bioengineering, the 1998 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Explosions; 1998; New York, NY.
   Google Scholar
• Weaver AA, Schoell SL, Nguyen CM, Lynch SK, Stitzel JD. Morphometric analysis of variation in the sternum with sex and age. J Morphol. 2014;275:1284–1299.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weaver AA, Schoell SL, Stitzel JD. Morphometric analysis of variation in the ribs with age and sex. J Anat. 2014;225:246–261.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Welsh R, Lenard J. Male and female car drivers—difference in collision and injury risks. Annu Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med. 2001;45:73–91.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yeni Y, Brown C, Norman T. Influence of bone composition and apparent density on fracture toughness of the human femur and tibia. Bone. 1998;22:79–84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou Q, Rouhana SW, Melvin JW. Age effects on thoracic injury tolerance. Stapp Car Crash J. 1996;40:137–148.
   Google Scholar