216
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Driver head locations: Considerations for head restraint design

ORCID Icon, , , &
Pages 825-831 | Received 18 Aug 2017, Accepted 13 Sep 2018, Published online: 20 Dec 2018

References

  • Chapline JF, Ferguson SA, Lillis RP, Lund AK, Williams AF. Neck pain and head restraint position relative to the driver’s head in rear-end collisions. Accid Anal Prev. 2000;32:287–297.
  • Eriksson L. Influence of head restraint position on long-term AIS 1 neck injury risk. Int J Crashworthiness. 2005;10:545–555.
  • Farmer CM, Wells JK, Lund AK. Effects of head restraint and seat redesign on neck injury risk in rear-end crashes. Traffic Inj Prev. 2003;4:83–90.
  • Farmer CM, Wells JK, Werner JV. Relationship of head restraint positioning to driver neck injury in rear-end crashes. Accid Anal Prev. 1999;31:719–728.
  • Gillian L, Mohamed E, Gary DK, Joel BE. Temporomandibular disorders and whiplash injury: a narrative review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2017;124(2):37–46.
  • Kahane CJ. An evaluation of head restraints. Federal motor vehicle safety standard 202. NHTSA Technical Report. 1982.
  • Lenard J, Ekambaram K, Morris A. Position and rotation of driver’s head as risk factor for whiplash in rear impacts. Ergonomics. 2015;S3.
  • Manary MA, Flannagan CAC, Reed MP, Schneider LW. Development of an improved driver eye position model. SAE Int J Passeng Cars. 1998;107(6):43–50.
  • Manary MA, Reed MP, Flannagan CAC, Schneider LW. ATD positioning based on driver posture and position. SAE Int J Passeng Cars. 1998;107:2911–2923.
  • NHTSA. Final Regulatory Impact Analysis: FMVSS No. 202 Head Restraints for Passenger Vehicles. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation; 2004.
  • Olsson I, Bunketorp O, Carlsson G, et al. An in-depth study of neck injuries in rear-end collisions. Paper presented at: 1990 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impacts; 1990.
  • O’Neill B. Head restraints—the neglected countermeasure. Accid Anal Prev. 2000;32(2):143–150.
  • Park J, Ebert SM, Reed MP, Hallman JJ. Statistical models for predicting automobile driving postures for men and women including effects of age. Hum Factors. 2016;58(2):261–278.
  • Parkinson MB, Reed MP. Improved head restraint design for safety and compliance. Paper presented at: ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conference; 2006; Philadelphia, PA.
  • Reed MP. Driver preference for fore–aft steering wheel location. SAE Int J Passeng Cars. 2013;6:626–635.
  • Reed MP, Manary MA, Flannagan CA, Schneider LW. A statistical method for predicting automobile driving posture. Human Factors. 2002;44(4):557–68.
  • Reed MP, Flannagan CAC, Manary MA, Schneider LW. Modeling Vehicle Occupant Head and Head Restraint Positions. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute; 2001. Technical Report UMTRI-2001-8.
  • Reed MP, Manary MA, Flannagan CA, Schneider LW. Automobile occupant posture prediction for use with human models. SAE Technical Paper. 1999.
  • Sekizuka M. Seat designs for whiplash injury lessening. Paper presented at: 16th International Technical Conference on ESV; 1998; Windsor, Canada.
  • Sendur P, Thibodeau R, Burge J, Tencer A. Parametric analysis of vehicle design influence on the four phases of whiplash motion. Traffic Inj Prev. 2005;6:258–266.
  • Siegmund GP, Heinrichs BE, Wheeler JB. The influence of head restraint and occupant factors on peak head/neck kinematics in low-speed rear-end collisions. Accid Anal Prev. 1999;31:393–407.
  • Society of Automotive Engineers. Motor Vehicle Dimensions. Warrendale, PA: Author; 2009.
  • Stemper B, Yoganandan N, Pintar F. Effect of head restraint backset on head–neck kinematics in whiplash. Accid Anal Prev. 2006;38:317–323.
  • Walz MC. The Effectiveness of Head Restraints in Light Trucks. Washington, DC: NHTSA; 2001. Report No. DOT HS-809-247.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.