246
Views
6
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Effect of ABTS and conventional seats on occupant injury in rear impacts: Analysis of field and test data

, , &
Pages 147-152 | Received 31 Jul 2020, Accepted 07 Nov 2020, Published online: 10 Feb 2021

References

  • Benson B, Smith G, Kent R, Monson C. 1996. Effect of seat stiffness in out-of-position occupant response in rear-end collisions. Warrendale (PA): Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 962434.
  • Burnett TR, Carter J, Roberts V, Myers B. 2004. The influence of seatback characteristics on cervical injury risk in severe rear impacts. Accid Anal Prev. 36(4):591–601. doi:10.1016/S0001-4575(03)00066-6
  • Estep CR, Lund AK, Vann DT. 1995. Measurement and evaluation of head restraints in1995 vehicles. Arlington (VA): Insurance Institute for Highway Safety.
  • Fryar CD, Gu Q, Ogden CL, Flegal KM. 2016. Anthropometric reference data for children and adults: United States, 2011–2014. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat. 3(39). https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/series/sr_03/sr03_039.pdf.
  • IIHS. 2016. Vehicle seat/head restraint evaluation protocol static geometric criteria (Version IV). [accessed 2020 December 6]. https://www.iihs.org/media/dc027e6e-1e00-40e0-bfe9-df732360602e/ydLKGA/Ratings/Protocols/current/head_restraint_protocol_static.pdf.
  • Malliaris AC, Malliaris AC, Digges DH, DeBlois JH. 1997. Relationships between crash casualties and crash attributes. Warrendale (PA): Society of Automotive Engineers SAE 970393.
  • Mertz HJ, Jarrett K, Moss S, Salloum M, Zhao Y. 2001. The hybrid III 10-year-old dummy. Warrendale (PA): SAE International. SAE 2001-22-0014.
  • Mertz HJ, Irwin A, Prasad P. 2016a. Biomechanical and scaling basis for frontal and side impact injury assessment reference values. Stapp Car Crash J. 60:625–657.
  • Mertz HJ, Prasad P, Dalmotas DJ, Irwin AL. 2016b. Age-specific injury risk curves for distributed, anterior thoracic loading of various sizes of adults based on sternal deflections. Stapp Car Crash J. 60:1–9.
  • NHTSA. 2004. Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards; Head Restraints FMVSS 202, final rule. Vol. 69, No. 239/Tuesday, December 14.
  • NHTSA. 2011. Injury risk curves and reference values. [accessed 2020 December 6]. http://www.nhtsa.gov/cars/rules/rulings/80g/80gii.html.
  • Padmanaban J, Burnett R, Levitt A. 2016. Seatback strength as a predictor of serious injury risk to belted drivers and rear seat occupants in rear-impact crashes. Warrendale (PA): Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 2016-01-1512.
  • Prasad P, Kim A, Weerappuli DVP, Roberts V, Schneider D. 1997. Relationships between passenger-car seatback strength and occupant injury severity in rear-end collisions: field and laboratory studies. SAE 973343, 41st Stapp Car Crash Conference; Society of Automotive Engineers: Warrendale, PA. doi:10.4271/973343
  • Severy DM, Mathewson J, Bechtol O. 1955. Controlled automobile rear-end collisions and investigation of related engineering and medical phenomena. Can Serv Med J. XI:727–759.
  • Viano D, Parenteau C, White S. 2019a. Influence of DISH, ankylosis, spondylosis and osteophytes on serious-to-fatal spinal fractures and cord injury in rear impacts. Warrendale (PA): Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 2019-01-1028.
  • Viano D, Burnett R, White S. 2019b. FRED II quasistatic seat testing rearward: an improved method based on the SAE H-point Manikin. Warrendale (PA): Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 2019-01-1032.
  • Viano DC. 2002. Role of the seat in rear crash safety. SAE Book. Warrendale (PA): Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE R-317:1-491.
  • Viano DC. 2008. Seat design principles to reduce neck injuries in rear impacts. Traffic Inj Prev. 9(6):552–560. doi:10.1080/15389580802381939
  • Viano DC. 2011. Fracture-dislocation of the thoracic spine in extension with upright seats in severe rear crashes. Warrendale (PA): Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 2011-01-0274.
  • Viano DC, Parenteau CS. 2008. Serious injury in very-low and very-high speed rear impacts. Warrendale (PA): Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 2008-01-1485.
  • Viano DC, Parenteau CS, Burnett R. 2011. Rear impact tests of starcraft-type seats with out-of-position and in-position dummies. Warrendale (PA): SAE International. SAE 2011-01-0272.
  • Viano DC, Parenteau CS, Burnett R, Prasad P. 2018. Occupant responses in conventional and ABTS seats in high-speed rear sled tests. Traffic Inj Prev. 19(1):54–59. doi:10.1080/15389588.2017.1347782
  • Viano DC, Parenteau CS, Edwards ML. 2008. Crash injury risks for obese occupants using a matched-pair analysis. Traffic Inj Prev. 9(1):59–64. doi:10.1080/15389580701737645
  • Viano DC, White SD. 2016. Seat Strength in Rear Body Block Tests. Traffic Inj Prev. 17(5):502–507. doi:10.1080/15389588.2015.1111513
  • Yoganandan N, Ray G, Pintar FA, Myklebust JB, Sances A. 1989. Stiffness and strain energy criteria to evaluate the threshold of injury to an intervertebral joint. J Biomech. 22(2):135–142. doi:10.1016/0021-9290(89)90036-5
  • White S, Viano D, Burnett R. 2019. Seat performance and occupant moving out of the shoulder belt in ABTS (all-belts-to-seat) in rear impacts. Warrendale (PA): Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 2019-01-1031.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.