References
- Akiskal, H. S., & Benazzi, F. (2005). Atypical depression: A variant of bipolar II or a bridge between unipolar and bipolar II? Journal of Affective Disorders, 84(2–3), 209–217.
- American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Section II: Diagnostic criteria and codes, neurodevelopment disorders. In Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed., pp. 59–66). Washington, DC: Author.
- Arora, T., Broglia, E., Pushpakumar, D., Lodhi, T., & Taheri, S. (2013). An investigation into the strength of the association and agreement levels between subjective and objective sleep duration in adolescents. PloS ONE, 8(8), e72406.
- Bioulac, S., Chaufton, C., Taillard, J., Claret, A., Sagaspe, P., Fabrigoule, C., & Philip, P. (2015). Excessive daytime sleepiness in adult patients with ADHD as measured by the maintenance of wakefulness test, an electrophysiologic measure. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 76(7), 943–948.
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Health Interview Survey. (2012). NHIS Sample Adult Data [samadult.dat]. Retrieved from ftp://ftp.cdc.gov/pub/Health_Statistics/NCHS/Datasets/NHIS/2012/samadult.zip
- Cumyn, L., French, L., & Hechtman, L. (2009). Comorbidity in adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry [Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie], 54(10), 673–683.
- Dijk, D. J., & Lockley, S. W. (2002). Integration of human sleep-wake regulation and circadian rhythmicity. Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md.: 1985), 92(2), 852–862.
- Gamble, K. L., May, R. S., Besing, R. C., Tankersly, A. P., & Fargason, R. E. (2013). Delayed sleep timing and symptoms in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A controlled actigraphy study. Chronobiology International, 30(4), 598–606.
- Gau, S. S., Kessler, R. C., Tseng, W. L., Wu, Y. Y., Chiu, Y. N., Yeh, C. B., Hwu, H. G. (2007). Association between sleep problems and symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in young adults. Sleep, 30(2), 195–201.
- Girschik, J., Fritschi, L., Heyworth, J., & Waters, F. (2012). Validation of self-reported sleep against actigraphy. Journal of Epidemiology /Japan Epidemiological Association, 22(5), 462–468.
- Hirshkowitz, M., Whiton, K., Albert, S. M., Alessi, C., Bruni, O., DonCarlos, L.,… Ware, J. C. (2015). National Sleep Foundation’s updated sleep duration recommendations: Final report. Sleep Health, 1(4), 233–243.
- Hosmer, D. W., & Lemeshow, S. (2000). Applied logistic regression (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Wiley.
- Howard, A., Robinson, M., Smith, G., Ambrosini, G., Piek, J., & Oddy, W. (2011). ADHD is associated with a “western” dietary pattern in adolescents. Journal of Attention Disorders, 15(5), 403.
- Karaahmet, E., Konuk, N., Dalkilic, A., Saracli, O., Atasoy, N., Kurçer, M. A., Atik, L. (2013). The comorbidity of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in bipolar disorder patients. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 54(5), 549–555.
- Kessler, R. C., Adler, L., Barkley, R., Biederman, J., Conners, C. K., Demler, O., ... Zaslavsky, A. M. (2006). The prevalence and correlates of adult ADHD in the United States: Results from the national comorbidity survey replication. American Journal of Psychiatry, 163(4), 716–723.
- Kooij, J., Middelkoop, H., Gils, K., & Buitelaar, J. (2001). The effect of stimulants on nocturnal motor activity and sleep quality in adults with ADHD. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 62(12), 952–956.
- Kooij, S., Bejerot, S., Blackwell, A., Caci, H., Casas-Brugue, M., Carpentier, P., ... Asherson, P. (2010). European consensus statement on diagnosis and treatment of adult ADHD: The European network adult ADHD. BMC Psychiatry, 10(1), 67.
- Laucht, M., Hohm, E., Esser, G., Schmidt, M. H., & Becker, K. (2007). Association between ADHD and smoking in adolescence: Shared genetic, environmental and psychopathological factors. Journal of Neural Transmission (Vienna, Austria: 1996), 114(8), 1097–1104.
- Lauderdale, D. S., Knutson, K. L., Yan, L. L., Liu, K., & Rathouz, P. J. (2008). Self-reported and measured sleep duration: How similar are they? Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 19(6), 838–845.
- Liu, Y., Croft, J. B., Wheaton, A. G., Perry, G. S., Chapman, D P., Strine, T. W., ... Presley-Cantrell, L. (2013). Association between perceived insufficient sleep, frequent mental distress, obesity and chronic diseases among US adults, 2009 behavioral risk factor surveillance system. BMC Public Health, 13, 84-2458-13-84. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-84
- Liu, Y., Wheaton, A. G., Chapman, D. P., & Croft, J. B. (2013). Sleep duration and chronic diseases among U.S. adults age 45 years and older: Evidence from the 2010 behavioral risk factor surveillance system. Sleep, 36(10), 1421–1427.
- Mayes, S. D., Calhoun, S. L., Bixler, E. O., Vgontzas, A. N., Mahr, F., Hillwig-Garcia, J., ... Parvin, M. (2009). ADHD subtypes and comorbid anxiety, depression, and oppositional-defiant disorder: Differences in sleep problems. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 34(3), 328–337.
- McNiece, K. L., Poffenbarger, T. S., Turner, J. L., Franco, K. D., Sorof, J. M., & Portman, R. J. (2007). Prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension among adolescents. Journal of Pediatrics, 150(6), 640–644.
- Meerlo, P., Mistlberger, R. E., Jacobs, B. L., Heller, H. C., & McGinty, D. (2009). New neurons in the adult brain: The role of sleep and consequences of sleep loss. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 13(3), 187–194.
- Nwankwo, T., Yoon, S. S., Burt, V., & Gu, Q. (2013). Hypertension among adults in the United States: National health and nutrition examination survey, 2011–2012. NCHS Data Brief, 133, 1–8.
- Oosterloo, M., Lammers, G. J., Overeem, S., de Noord, I., & Kooij, J. J. (2006). Possible confusion between primary hypersomnia and adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Psychiatry Research, 143(2–3), 293–297.
- Palma, J. A., Urrestarazu, E., & Iriarte, J. (2013). Sleep loss as risk factor for neurologic disorders: A review. Sleep Medicine, 14(3), 229–236.
- Parker, G., Malhi, G., Hadzi-Pavlovic, D., & Parker, K. (2006). Sleeping in? The impact of age and depressive sub-type on hypersomnia. Journal of Affective Disorders, 90(1), 73–76.
- Perera, F. P., Chang, H. W., Tang, D., Roen, E. L., Herbstman, J., Margolis, A., ... Rauh, V. (2014). Early-life exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and ADHD behavior problems. PloS One, 9(11), e111670.
- Philipsen, A., Feige, B., Hesslinger, B., Ebert, D., Carl, C., Hornyak, M., ... Riemann, D. (2005). Sleep in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A controlled polysomnographic study including spectral analysis of the sleep EEG. Sleep, 28(7), 877–884.
- Razani, N., Hilton, J. F., Halpern-Felsher, B. L., Okumura, M. J., Morrell, H. E., & Yen, I. H. (2014). Neighborhood characteristics and ADHD: Results of a national study. Journal of Attention Disorders. [ Epub ahead of print]
- Schneider, B., & Enenbach, M. (2014). Managing the risks of ADHD treatments. Current Psychiatry Reports, 16(10), 1–8.
- Schredl, M., Alm, B., & Sobanski, E. (2007). Sleep quality in adult patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 257(3), 164–168.
- Sobanski, E., Schredl, M., Kettler, N., & Alm, B. (2008). Sleep in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) before and during treatment with methylphenidate: A controlled polysomnographic study. Sleep, 31(3), 375–381.
- Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2013). Results from the 2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Summary of National Findings, NSDUH Series H-46, HHS Publication No. (SMA) 13–4795. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.
- Surman, C., Thomas, R., Aleardi, M., Pagano, C., & Biederman, J. (2006). Adults with ADHD and sleep complaints: A pilot study identifying sleep-disordered breathing using polysomnography and sleep quality assessment. Journal of Attention Disorders, 9(3), 550–555.
- Surman, C., Adamson, J., Petty, C., Biederman, J., Kenealy, D., Levine, M., & Faraone, S. (2009). Association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and sleep impairment in adulthood. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 70(11), 1523–1529.
- Van Veen, M. M., Kooij, J. J., Boonstra, A. M., Gordijn, M. C., & Van Someren, E. J. (2010). Delayed circadian rhythm in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and chronic sleep-onset insomnia. Biological Psychiatry, 67(11), 1091–1096.
- Willcutt, E. G. (2012). The prevalence of DSM-IV attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A meta-analytic review. Journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, 9(3), 490–499.
- Yoon, S. Y., Jain, U. R., & Shapiro, C. M. (2013). Sleep and daytime function in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Subtype differences. Sleep Medicine, 14(7), 648–65