Transgressing Boundaries as the Hybrid Global: Parody and Postcoloniality on Indian Television

REFERENCES

• Appadurai , A. 1990 . Disjuncture and difference in the global cultural economy . Theory, Culture & Society , 7 ( 2 ) : 295 – 310 .
   Google Scholar
• Arogyasami , M. 1994 . “ Shakespeare's treatment of comic sentiment (Hasya Rasa): An Indian perspective ” . In Acting funny: Comic theory and practice in Shakespeare's plays , Edited by: Teague , F. 153 – 163 . Cranbury , NJ : Associated University Presses .
   Google Scholar
• Baym , G. 2005 . The Daily Show: Discursive integration and the reinvention of political journalism . Political Communication , 22 ( 3 ) : 259 – 276 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Canclini , N. G. 2006 . “ Hybrid cultures, oblique powers ” . In Media and culture studies: Keyworks , Edited by: Durham , M. G. and Kellner , D. 422 – 444 . Malden , MA : Blackwell Publishing .
   Google Scholar
• Connery , B. and Combe , K. 1995 . Theorizing satire: Essays in literary criticism , New York , NY : St. Martin's Press .
   Google Scholar
• Dorfman , A. and Mattelart , A. 1975 . How to read Donald Duck: Imperialist ideology in the Disney comic , New York , NY : New York International General .
   Google Scholar
• Eide , E. 2010 . Strategic essentialism and ethnification: Hand in glove? . Nordicom Review , 31 ( 2 ) : 63 – 78 .
   Google Scholar
• Frank , T. 2004 . What's the matter with Kansas?: How conservatives won the heart of America , New York , NY : Metropolitan Books .
   Google Scholar
• Freedman , L. 2009 . The offensive art: Political satire and its censorship around the world from Beerbohm to Borat , Westport , CT : Praeger Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Gray , J. , Jones , J. P. and Thompson , E. 2009 . “ The state of satire: The satire of state ” . In Satire TV: Politics and comedy in the post-network era , Edited by: Gray , J. , Jones , J. P. and Thompson , E. 3 – 36 . New York , NY : New York University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Griffin , D. 1994 . Satire: A critical reintroduction , Lexington , KY : University Press of Kentucky .
   Google Scholar
• Grosz , E. 1990 . “ Criticism, feminism, and the institution ” . In The post-colonial critic: Interviews, strategies, dialogues , Edited by: Harasym , S. 1 – 16 . New York , NY : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Gupta , A. and Ferguson , J. 1992 . Space, identity, and the politics of difference . Cultural Anthropology , 7 ( 1 ) : 6 – 23 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hasan, M. (2003, April 6). Political satire in modern India. The Hindu http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/lr/2003/04/06/stories/2003040600010100.htm (http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/lr/2003/04/06/stories/2003040600010100.htm)
   Google Scholar
• Havens , T. 2005 . “ Globalization and the generic transformation of telenovelas ” . In Thinking outside the box: A contemporary television genre reader , Edited by: Edgerton , G. R. and Rose , B. G. 271 – 292 . Lexington , KY : The University Press of Kentucky .
   Google Scholar
• Hutcheon , L. 1985 . A theory of parody: The teachings of twentieth century art forms , New York , NY : Methuen, Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Jameson , F. 1998 . “ Notes on globalization as a philosophical issue ” . In The cultures of globalization , Edited by: Jameson , F. and Miyoshi , M. 54 – 77 . Durham , NC : Duke University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Kellner , D. 2002 . Theorizing globalization . Sociological Theory , 20 ( 3 ) : 285 – 305 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kohli-Khandekar , V. 2006 . The Indian media business , Vol. 2 , New Delhi , , India : Sage Publications .
   Google Scholar
• Kraidy , M. 2002 . Hybridity in cultural globalization . Communication Theory , 12 ( 3 ) : 316 – 339 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kraidy , M. 2005 . Hybridity or the cultural logic of globalization , Philadelphia , PA : Temple University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Kraidy , M. 2008 . Reality TV and multiple Arab modernities: A theoretical exploration . Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication , 1 : 49 – 59 .
   Google Scholar
• Kraidy , M. 2009 . Reality television, gender, and authenticity in Saudi Arabia . Journal of Communication , 59 : 345 – 366 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar , S. 2005 . “ Innovation, imitation, and hybridity in Indian television ” . In Thinking outside the box: A contemporary television genre reader , Edited by: Edgerton , G. R. and Rose , B. G. Lexington , KY : The University Press of Kentucky .
   Google Scholar
• Kumar , S. 2006 . Gandhi meets primetime: Globalization and nationalism in Indian television , Urbana , IL : University of Illinois Press .
   Google Scholar
• Miller , T. 2005 . Anti-Americanism and popular culture , Budapest , , Hungary : Central European University . Anti-Americanism Working Papers
   Google Scholar
• Moran , A. 1998 . Copycat TV: Globalization, program formats and cultural identity , Ann Arbor , MI : University of Michigan .
   Google Scholar
• Naim , C. M. 1995 . Popular jokes and political history: The case of Akbar, Birbal and Mulla Do-Pyaza . Economic and Political Weekly , 30 ( 24 ) : 1456 – 1464 .
   Google Scholar
• Parameswaran , R. 2009 . Moral dilemmas of an immoral nation: Gender, sexuality, and journalism in page 3 . The Image of the Journalist in Popular Culture Journal , 1 : 70 – 104 . Fall
   Google Scholar
• Pieterse , J. N. 1994 . “ Globalization as hybridization. International Sociology ” . In Media and culture studies: Keyworks , Edited by: Durham , M. G. and Kellner , D. 658 – 680 . Malden , MA : Blackwell Publishing . , 9(2). Reprinted
   Google Scholar
• Punathambekar , A. 2010 . Reality TV and participatory culture in India . Popular Communication , 8 ( 4 ) : 241 – 255 .
   Google Scholar
• Rajagopal , A. 2001 . Politics after television , UK [city?] : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Robertson , R. 1994 . Globalization or glocalisation? . The Journal of International Communication , 1 ( 1 ) : 33 – 52 .
   Google Scholar
• Sanghvi, V. (2011, September 9). News TV: Tripping on TRP. The Hindustan Times http://blogs.hindustantimes.com/medium-term/2011/09/09/news-tv-tripping-on-trp/ (http://blogs.hindustantimes.com/medium-term/2011/09/09/news-tv-tripping-on-trp/)
   Google Scholar
• Schiller , H. 1992 . Mass communication and American empire , Boulder , CO : Westview Press .
   Google Scholar
• Schwartz , S. L. 2004 . Performing the divine in India , New York , NY : New York University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Sonntag , S. K. 2009 . “ The changing global-local linguistic landscape in India ” . In English language education in South Asia , 29 – 39 . India , , New Delhi : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Sonwalkar , P. 2002 . Murdochization of the Indian press: From by-line to bottom-line . Media, Culture & Society , 24 ( 6 ) : 821 – 834 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spivak , G. C. 1990 . “ Interviews, strategies, dialogues ” . In The post-colonial critic: Interviews, strategies, dialogues , Edited by: Harasym , S. New York , NY : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Straubhar , J. 2006 . “ (Re)asserting national television and national identity against the global, regional, and local levels of world television ” . In Media and culture studies: Keyworks , Edited by: Durham , M. G. and Kellner , D. 681 – 702 . Malden , MA : Blackwell Publishing .
   Google Scholar
• Sunder Rajan , R. 1992 . The lie of the land: English literary studies in India USA , New Delhi: Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Tomlinson , J. 1991 . Cultural imperialism: A critical introduction , Baltimore , MD : John Hopkins University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Thussu , D. K. 1999 . Privatizing the airwaves: The impact of globalization on broadcasting in India . Media Culture and Society , 21 ( 1 ) : 125 – 131 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thussu , D. K. 2007 . The ‘‘Murdochization’’ of news? The case of Star TV in India . Media Culture and Society , 29 ( 4 ) : 593 – 611 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vatsyayan , K. 1996 . Bharata: The Natyasastra , New Delhi , , India : Sahitya Akademi Press .
   Google Scholar