669
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Electoral Violence Early Warning and Infrastructures for Peace

Pages 54-69 | Published online: 28 Mar 2013

References

  • Alihodžić , S . 2011 . “ Elections, Violence and Peace ” . In Ballots or Bullets, Potentials and Limitations of Elections in Conflict Contexts , Edited by: Iff , Andrea . Berne : Swisspeace . Chap. 4
  • Alihodžić , S . 2012 . A Three-layered Approach to the Prevention of Electoral Violence . New Routes, a Journal of Peace Research and Action , 17 ( 1 ) : 10 – 14 .
  • Barton, F., von Hippel, K., Squeira, S. & Irvine, M. 2008, ‘Early Warning? A Review of Conflict Prediction Models and Systems’, Washington, DC: PCR Project Special Briefing, Centre for Strategic and International Studies.
  • Birch , S . 2011 . Electoral Malpractice , New York : OUP .
  • Birch, S. & Carlson, J. 2012, ‘Electoral Integrity Framework Project, Electoral Malpractice Primer: Insights and Priorities’, Washington, DC: Creative Associates International, International Foundation for Electoral Systems.
  • Carnegie Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict. 1997 . Preventing Deadly Conflict: Final Report with Executive Summary , New York : Carnegie Corporation .
  • Clarke , JN . 2005 . Early Warning Analysis for Humanitarian Preparedness and Conflict Prevention . Civil Wars , 7 ( 1 ) : 71 – 97 .
  • Fischer, J. 2002, ‘Electoral Conflict and Violence: A Strategy for Study and Prevention’, White Paper. Washington, DC: International Foundation for Electoral Systems.
  • Harff , B . 1998 . “ Early Warning of Humanitarian Crises: Sequential Models and the Role of Accelerators ” . In Preventive Measures, Building Risk Assessment and Crisis Early Warning Systems , Edited by: Davies , John L and Gurr , Ted Robert . Lanham, MD : Rowman & Littlefield . Chap. 5
  • Höglund, K. & Jarstad, A. 2010, ‘Strategies to Prevent and Manage Electoral Violence: Considerations for Policy’, Durban, South Africa: ACCORD Policy and Practice Brief 1.
  • International IDEA. 2008, Making Electoral Assistance Effective: From Formal Commitment to Actual Implementation, ACE ‘Focus On … ’ series. Stockholm International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance.
  • International IDEA. 2010, Towards a Global Framework for Managing and Mitigating Election-related Conflict and Violence, Johannesburg: Workshop report.
  • Kanno , T . 2009 . “ An Overview of Early Warning and its Three Generations ” . In Third Generation Early Warning , Edited by: Rupesinghe , K . Colombo : Foundation for Coexistence . Chap. 3
  • Kimani , M . 2008 . East Africa Feels Blows of Kenyan Crisis: Economic and Social Repercussions Affect Entire Region . Africa Renewal , 22 ( 1 ) : 3
  • Kriesberg , L . 2004 . Constructive Conflict: From Escalation to Resolution , Lanham, MD : Rowman & Littlefield .
  • Kumar , C . 2011 . “ Building National “Infrastructures for Peace”: UN Assistance for Internally Negotiated Solutions to Violent Conflict ” . In Peacemaking: From Practice to Theory , Edited by: Nan , Susan Allen , Mampilly , Zachariah Cherian and Bartoli , Andrea . Vol. 1 , 384 – 399 . Westport, CT : Praeger .
  • Kumar , C. and De la Haye , J . 2012 . Global Insights – Hybrid Peacemaking: Building National “Infrastructures for Peace” . Global Governance , 18 : 13 – 20 .
  • Lindberg , SI . 2004 . The Democratic Qualities of Competitive Elections: Participation, Competition and Legitimacy in Africa . Commonwealth and Comparative Politics , 42 ( 1 ) : 61 – 105 .
  • Matveeva , A . 2006 . Early Warning and Early Response: Conceptual and Empirical Dilemmas – The Global Partnership for the Prevention of Armed Conflict , Issue Paper 1 The Hague : European Centre for Conflict Prevention/International Secretariat of the Global Partnership for the Prevention of Armed Conflict .
  • Meier, P. 2009, ‘Conflict Early Warning and Early Response’, Blog: http://earlywarning.wordpress.com/tag/sri-lanka/, accessed April 22, 2012.
  • Nyheim , D . 2009a . “ Three Generations in Early Warning: Challenges and Future Directions ” . In Third Generation Early Warning , Edited by: Rupesinghe , K . Colombo : Foundation for Coexistence . Chap. 2
  • Nyheim , D . 2009b . Conflict and Fragility: Preventing Violence, War and State Collapse – The Future of Conflict Early Warning and Response' , Paris : OECD .
  • Rupesinghe , K. , ed. 2009 . Third Generation Early Warning , Colombo : Foundation for Coexistence .
  • UNDP (United Nations Development Programme). 2010a, ‘Ghana Peace Architecture to Get Boost from Lawmakers’, Newsroom, December 21: http://content.undp.org/go/newsroom/2010/december/ghanas-peace-architecture-gets-new-boost-from-lawmakers.en, accessed April 12, 2012.
  • UNDP. 2010b . Elections and Conflict Prevention: A Guide to Analysis, Planning and Programming , New York : UNDP .
  • Uwiano Platform for Peace. 2012 . Experiences and Lessons Learned , Nairobi : Uwiano Joint Secretariat .
  • Van Tongeren , P . 2011 . Policy Briefing: Increasing Interest in Infrastructures for Peace . Journal of Conflictology , 2 ( 2 ) : 45 – 55 .
  • Van Tongeren , P. and Brand-Jacobsen , K . 2012 . Infrastructure for Peace: A Way forward to Peaceful Elections . New Routes, a Journal of Peace Research and Action , 17 ( 1 ) : 18 – 21 .
  • Voice of America. 2009, ‘Economic Impact of Election Violence on Display in Western Kenyan City’, News report, October 27: www.voanews.com/content/a-13-2008-03-04-voa29-66808832/374161.html, accessed June 29, 2012.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.