References
- Ahn, J. (2015). Desiring biracial whites: Cultural consumption of white mixed-race celebrities in South Korean popular media. Media, Culture & Society, 37(6), 937–947. https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443715593050
- Alim, S., Rickford, J., & Ball, A. (2016). Raciolinguistics: How language shapes our ideas about race. Oxford University Press.
- Barkhuizen, G., Benson, P., & Chik, A. (2014). Narrative inquiry in language teaching and learning research. Routledge.
- Benson, P., Barkhuizen, G., Bodycott, P., & Brown, J. (2012). Study abroad and the development of second language identities. Applied Linguistics Review, 3(1), 173–193. https://doi.org/10.1515/applirev-2012-0008
- Block, D. (2007). Second language identities. Continuum.
- Brown, L. (2013). Identity and honorifics use in Korean study abroad. In C. Kinginger (Ed.), Social and cultural aspects of language learning in study abroad (pp. 175–208). John Benjamins.
- Brown, L. (2021). “Sorry, I don’t speak any English”: An activity-theoretic account of language choice in study abroad in South Korea. In W. Diao & E. Trentman (Eds.), Language learning in study abroad: The multilingual turn (pp. 145–169). Multilingual Matters.
- Burgo, C. (2020). The impact of study abroad on Spanish heritage language learners. Journal of Latinos and Education, 19(3), 304–312. https://doi.org/10.1080/15348431.2018.1518139
- Choi, J. K. (2015). Identity and language: Korean speaking Korean, Korean-American speaking Korean and English? Language and Intercultural Communication, 15(2), 240–266. https://doi.org/10.1080/14708477.2014.993648
- Comstock, L., & Kagan, O. (2020). The heritage language learner in study abroad programs: Challenges to achieving intercultural competence. Journal of Language, Identity & Education, 19(6), 428–442. https://doi.org/10.1080/15348458.2020.1726752
- Diao, W., & Wang, Y. (2021). Multiracial Chinese American women studying abroad in China: The intersectionality of gender, race, and language learning. Intercultural Communication Education, 4(1), 39–55. https://doi.org/10.29140/ice.v4n1.444
- Du, H. (2018). The complexity of study abroad: Stories from ethnic minority American students in China. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 38, 122–139. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0267190518000065
- Flores, N., & Rosa, J. (2015). Undoing appropriateness: Raciolinguistic ideologies and language diversity in education. Harvard Educational Review, 85(2), 149–171. https://doi.org/10.17763/0017-8055.85.2.149
- Flores, N., Lewis, M., & Phuong, J. (2018). Raciolinguistic chronotopes and the education of Latinx students: Resistance and anxiety in a bilingual school. Language and Communication, 62, 15–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.langcom.2018.06.002
- Harris, S., & Lee, J. S. (2021). Korean-speaking spaces: Heritage language learning and community access for mixed-race Korean Americans. International Journal of Multilingualism, 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1080/14790718.2021.1976190
- Jeon, M. (2010). Korean language and ethnicity in the United Sates. The Modern Language Journal, 94(1), 43–45. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.2009.00982.x
- Jeon, A. (2020). “I had the best of both worlds”: Transnational sense of belonging—Second-generation Korean Americans’ heritage language learning journey. Language and Education, 34(6), 553–565. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500782.2020.1825478
- Jo, H-Y. (2001). “Heritage” language learning and ethnic identity: Korean Americans’ struggle with language authorities. Language, Culture and Curriculum, 14(1), 26–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/07908310108666610
- Kang, M. A., & Lo, A. (2004). Two ways of articulating heterogeneity in Korean American narratives of ethnic identity. Journal of Asian American Studies, 7(2), 93–116. https://doi.org/10.1353/jaas.2005.0013
- Kang, H.-S., & Kim, I.-S. (2012). Perceived and actual competence and ethnic identity in heritage language learning: A case study of Korean-American college students. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 15(3), 279–294. https://doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2011.626846
- Kang, H.-S. (2013). Korean American college students’ language practices and identity positioning: “Not Korean, but not American. Journal of Language, Identity & Education, 12(4), 248–261. https://doi.org/10.1080/15348458.2013.818473
- Kim, E. J. (2006). Heritage language maintenance by Korean-American college students. In K. Kondo-Brown (Ed.), Heritage language development: Focus on East Asian immigrants (pp. 175–208). John Benjamins.
- Kim, H. A. (2020). The role of Korean immigrant churches in the identity development and heritage language learning among biracial Korean American university students. The Korean Language in America, 24(2), 60–84.https://doi.org/10.5325/korelangamer.24.2.0060
- Lee, J. S. (2002). The Korean language in America: The role of cultural identity in heritage language learning. Language, Culture and Curriculum, 15(2), 117–133. https://doi.org/10.1080/07908310208666638
- Lee, J. S., & Kim, H.-Y. (2007). Attitudes, motivation and instructional needs of heritage language learners. In K. Kondo-Brown & J. D. Brown (Eds.), Teaching Chinese, Japanese, and Korean heritage students: Curriculum, needs, materials, and assessment (pp. 159–185). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
- Lee, J. S., & Shin, S. J. (2008). Korean heritage language education in the United States: The current state, opportunities, and possibilities. Heritage Language Journal, 6(2), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.46538/hlj.6.2.2
- Lee, H., Kim, Y., & Choi, B. (2020). Study abroad, language usage, and the development of multilingual identities: The case of 1.5 generation Korean-American students. Applied Linguistics Review, https://doi.org/10.1515/applirev-2019-0049
- Lo, A., & Kim, J. (2011). Manufacturing citizenship: Metapragmatic framings of language competencies in media images of mixed race men in South Korea. Discourse & Society, 22(4), 440–457. https://doi.org/10.1177/0957926510395834
- Nakamura, J. (2020). Language regrets: Mixed-ethnic children’s lost opportunity for minority language acquisition in Japan. Multilingua, 39(2), 213–237. https://doi.org/10.1515/multi-2019-0040
- Noro, H. (2009). The role of Japanese as a heritage language in constructing ethnic identity among Hapa Japanese Canadian children. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 30(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/01434630802307874
- Norton, B. (2010). Language and identity. In N. Hornberger & S. McKay (Eds.), Sociolinguistics and language education (pp. 349–369). Multilingual Matters.
- Norton, B. (2013). Identity and language learning: Extending the conversation. Multilingual Matters.
- Palmer, J. D. (2007). Who is the authentic Korean American? Korean-born Korean American high school students’ negotiations of ascribed and achieved identities. Journal of Language, Identity & Education, 6(4), 277–298. https://doi.org/10.1080/15348450701542272
- Pao, D. L., Wong, S. D., & Teuben-Rowe, S. (1997). Identity formation for mixed-heritage adults and implications for educators. TESOL Quarterly, 31(3), 622–631. https://doi.org/10.2307/3587846
- Park, M. Y. (2021). Heritage language use in the workplace: 1.5-generation Korean immigrants in New Zealand. International Multilingual Research Journal, 15(4), 332–345. https://doi.org/10.1080/19313152.2021.1904347
- Pavlenko, A. (2001). How am I to become a woman in an American vein?”: Transformations of gender performance in second language learning. In A. Pavlenko, A. Blackledge, I. Piller, & M. Teutsch-Dwyer (Eds.), Multilingualism, second language learning, and gender (pp. 133–174). Mouton de Gruyter.
- Polkinghorne, D. (1995). Narrative configuration in qualitative analysis. Qualitative Studies in Education, 8(1), 5–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/0951839950080103
- Rocha, Z. (2012). (Mixed) racial formation in Aotearoa/New Zealand: Framing biculturalism and “mixed race” through categorization. Kōtuitui: New Zealand Journal of Social Sciences Online, 7(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/1177083X.2012.670650
- Rocha, Z. (2019). Strict versus flexible categorizations of mixedness: Classifying mixed race in Singapore and New Zealand. Social Identities, 25(3), 310–326. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504630.2018.1499221
- Rosa, J. D. (2016). Standardization, racialization, languagelessness: Raciolinguistic ideologies across communicative contexts. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology, 26(2), 162–183. https://doi.org/10.1111/jola.12116
- Shin, S. J. (2005). Developing in two languages: Korean children in America. Multilingual Matters.
- Shin, S. J. (2010). “What about me? I’m not like Chinese but I’m not like American”: Heritage language learning and identity of mixed heritage adults. Journal of Language, Identity & Education, 9(3), 203–219. https://doi.org/10.1080/15348458.2010.486277
- Shin, J. (2016). Hyphenated identities of Korean heritage language learners: Marginalization, colonial discourses and internalized whiteness. Journal of Language, Identity & Education, 15(1), 32–43. https://doi.org/10.1080/15348458.2016.1113815
- Song, J. (2010). Language ideology and identity in transnational space: Globalization, migration, and bilingualism among Korean families in the USA. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 13(1), 23–42. https://doi.org/10.1080/13670050902748778
- Statistics New Zealand. (2018). 2018 Census place summaries—New Zealand. Retrieved February 5, 2022, from https://www.stats.govt.nz/tools/2018-census-place-summaries/new-zealand
- Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1994). Grounded theory methodology: An overview. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (pp. 273–285). Sage.
- Takei, N. (2021). Meaning-making process of ethnicity: A case of Japanese mixed heritage youth. Journal of Language, Identity & Education, 20(4), 225–238. https://doi.org/10.1080/15348458.2020.1753195
- Tsai, A., Straka, B., & Gaither, S. (2021). Mixed-heritage individuals’ encounters with raciolinguistic ideologies. Journal of Multilingual & Multicultural Development, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2021.1904964
- Valdés, G. (2005). Bilingualism, heritage language learners, and SLA research: Opportunities lost or seized? The Modern Language Journal, 89(3), 410–426. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.2005.00314.x
- Van Deusen-Scholl, N. (2003). Toward a definition of heritage language: Sociopolitical and pedagogical considerations. Journal of Language, Identity, & Education, 2(3), 211–230.https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327701JLIE0203_4
- Wallace, K. R. (2004). Situating multiethnic identity: Contributions of discourse theory to the study of mixed heritage students. Journal of Language, Identity, and Education, 3(3), 195–213. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327701jlie0303_2
- Weedon, C. (1996). Feminist practice and poststructuralist theory. Wiley-Blackwell.
- Young, S. L. (2009). Half and half: An (auto)ethnography of hybrid identities in a Korean American mother-daughter relationship. Journal of International and Intercultural Communication, 2(2), 139–167. https://doi.org/10.1080/17513050902759512