REFERENCES
- Converse, P. D., Pathak, J., DePaul-Haddock, A. M., Gotlib, T., & Merbedone, M. (2012). Controlling your environment and yourself: Implications for career success. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80, 148–159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2011.07.003
- Efron, B., & Tibshirani, R. (1986). Bootstrap methods for standard errors, confidence intervals, and other measures of statistical accuracy. Statistical Science, 1, 54–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/ss/1177013817
- Fishbach, A., Friedman, R. S., & Kruglanski, A. W. (2003). Leading us not unto temptation: Momentary allurements elicit overriding goal activation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 296–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.84.2.296
- Fishbach, A., & Shah, J. Y. (2006). Self-control in action: Implicit dispositions toward goals and away from temptations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90, 820–832. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.84.2.296
- Freund, A. M., Knecht, M., & Wiese, B. S. (2014). Multi-domain engagement and self-reported psychosomatic symptoms in middle-aged women and men. Gerontology, 60, 255–262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000358756
- Greenhaus, J. H., & Powell, G. M. (2006). When work and family are allies: A theory of work–family enrichment. Academy of Management Review, 31, 72–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000358756
- Grzywacz, J. G., & Marks, N. F. (2005). Reconceptualizing the work–family interface: An ecological perspective on the correlates of positive and negative spillover between work and family. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5, 111–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.5.1.111
- Haase, C., Heckhausen, J., & Köller, O. (2008). Goal engagement during the school–work transition: Beneficial for all, particularly for girls. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 18, 671–698. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-7795.2008.00576.x
- Hall, N. C., Chipperfield, J. G., Heckhausen, J., & Perry, R. P. (2010). Control striving in older adults with serious health problems: A 9-year longitudinal study of survival, health, and well-being. Psychology and Aging, 25, 432–445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0019278
- Havighurst, R. J. (1948). Developmental tasks and education. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
- Heckhausen, J. (1997). Developmental regulation across adulthood: Primary and secondary control of age-related challenges. Developmental Psychology, 33, 176–187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.33.1.176
- Heckhausen, J. (1999). Developmental regulation in adulthood: Age-normative and sociostructural constraints as adaptive challenges. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
- Heckhausen, J., Shane, J., & Kanfer, R. (in press). Competence and motivation at work throughout adulthood: Making the most of changing capacities and opportunities. In A. Elliot, C. S. Dweck, & D. Yeager (Eds.), Handbook of competence and motivation: Theory and Application (2nd ed). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
- Heckhausen, J., Wrosch, C., & Fleeson, W. (2001). Developmental regulation before and after a developmental deadline: The sample case of “biological clock” for child-bearing. Psychology and Aging, 16, 400–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.16.3.400
- Heckhausen, J., Wrosch, C., & Schulz, R. (2010). A motivational theory of life-span development. Psychological Review, 117, 32–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0017668
- Heckhausen, J., Wrosch, C., & Schulz, R. (2013). A lines-of-defense model for managing health threats. Gerontology, 59, 438–447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000351269
- Huber, P. J. (1967). The behavior of maximum likelihood estimates under nonstandard conditions. In Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability (Vol. 1, pp. 221–233). Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
- Kanfer, R., & Ackerman, P. L. (2004). Aging, adult development, and work motivation. Academy of Management Review, 29(3), 440–458. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20159053
- Kanfer, R., Beier, M. E., & Ackerman, P. L. (2013). Goals and motivation related to work in later adulthood: An organizing framework. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 22(3), 253–264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1359432x.2012.734298
- Neugarten, B. L., Moore, J. W., & Lowe, J. C. (1965). Age norms, age constraints, and adult socialization. American Journal of Sociology, 70(6), 710–717. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/223965
- Nurmi, J. E. (1992). Age differences in adult life goals, concerns, and their temporal extension: A life course approach to future-oriented motivation. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 15(4), 487–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016502549201500404
- Rabe-Hesketh, S., & Skrondal, A., (2012). Multilevel and longitudinal modeling using Stata: Volume 1: Continuous responses (3rd ed.). College Station, TX: Stata Press.
- Riediger, M., & Freund, A. M. (2004). Interference and facilitation among personal goals: Differential associations with subjective well-being and persistent goal pursuit. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30, 1511–1523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167204271184
- Riediger, M., Freund, A. M., & Baltes, P. B. (2005). Managing life through personal goals: Intergoal facilitation and intensity of goal pursuit in younger and older adulthood. Journal of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 60, 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/60.2.p84
- Ryff, C., Almeida, D. M., Ayanian, J. S., Carr, D. S., Cleary, P. D., Coe, C., … Williams, D. (2004). National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS II). Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor]. http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/icpsr04652
- Salmela-Aro, K., Aunola, K., & Nurmi, J. (2007). Personal goals during emerging adulthood: A 10-year follow up. Journal of Adolescent Research, 22(6), 690–715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0743558407303978
- Schulz, R., & Heckhausen, J. (1996). A life-span model of successful aging. American Psychologist, 51, 702–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.51.7.702
- Settersten, R. A. R., & Hägestad, G. O. G. (1996a). What’s the latest? II. Cultural age deadlines for educational and work transitions. Gerontologist, 36(5), 602–613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/36.5.602
- Settersten, R. A., & Hägestad, G. O. (1996b). What’s the latest? Cultural age deadlines for family transitions. Gerontologist, 36(2), 178–188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/36.2.178
- Shah, J. Y., Friedman, R., & Kruglanski, A. W. (2002). Forgetting all else: On the antecedents and consequences of goal shielding. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83, 1261–1280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.83.6.1261
- Shane, J., & Heckhausen, J. (2012). Motivational self-regulation in the work domain: Congruence of individuals’ control striving and the control potential in their developmental ecologies. Research in Human Development, 9, 337–357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15427609.2012.729918
- Shane, J., & Heckhausen, J. (2016). For better or worse: Young adults’ opportunity beliefs and motivational self-regulation during career entry. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 40, 107–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025415589389
- Sieber, S. D. (1974). Toward a theory of role accumulation. American Sociological Review, 39, 567–578. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2094422
- White, H. 1980. A heteroskedasticity-consistent covariance matrix estimator and a direct test for heteroskedasticity. Econometrica, 48, 817–830. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1912934
- Wiese, B. S., & Freund, A. M. (2000). The interplay of work and family in young and middle adulthood. In J. Heckhausen (Ed.), Motivational psychology of human development: Developing motivation and motivating development (pp. 233–249). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0166-4115(00)80014-x
- Wiese, B. S., Freund, A. M., & Baltes, P. B. (2000). Selection, optimization, and compensation: An action-related approach to work and partnership. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 57, 273–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.2000.1752
- Wiese, B. S., & Salmela-Aro, K. (2008). Goal conflict and facilitation as predictors of work–family satisfaction and engagement. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 73, 490–497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2008.09.007
- Wrosch, C., & Heckhausen, J. (1999). Control processes before and after passing a developmental deadline: Activation and deactivation of intimate relationship goals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 415–427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.77.2.415
- Wrosch, C., Heckhausen, J., & Lachman, M. E. (2000). Primary and secondary control strategies for managing health and financial stress across adulthood. Psychology and Aging, 15, 387–399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.15.3.387
- Wrosch, C., Miller, G. E., Scheier, M. F., & Brun de Pontet, S. (2007). Giving up on unattainable goals: Benefits for health? Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 33, 251–265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167206294905
- Wrosch, C., & Schulz, R. (2008). Health engagement control strategies and 2-year changes in older adults’ physical health. Psychological Science, 19, 536–540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02120.x
- Wrosch, C., Schulz, R., & Heckhausen, J. (2002). Health stresses and depressive symptomatology in the elderly: The importance of health engagement control strategies. Health Psychology, 21, 340–348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.21.4.340