References
- Ach, A. 1993. Biodegradable plastics based on cellulose acetate. Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A 30 (9–10):733–40. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10601329308021259.
- Achtel, C., and T. Heinze. 2016. Homogeneous acetylation of cellulose in the new solvent triethyloctylammonium chloride in combination with organic liquids. Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 217 (18):2041–48. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.201600217.
- Adebajo, M. O., and R. L. Frost. 2004. Acetylation of raw cotton for oil spill cleanup application: An FTIR and13C MAS NMR spectroscopic investigation. Spectrochimica Acta - Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy 60 (10):2315–21. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2003.12.005.
- Arenales Rivera, J., V. Pérez López, R. Ramos Casado, and J. M. Sánchez Hervás. 2016. Thermal degradation of paper industry wastes from a recovered paper mill using TGA. Characterization and gasification test. Waste Management 47:225–35. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2015.04.031.
- Arthanareeswaran, G., P. Thanikaivelan, K. Srinivasn, D. Mohan, and M. Rajendran. 2004. Synthesis, characterization and thermal studies on cellulose acetate membranes with additive. European Polymer Journal 40:2153–59. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2004.04.024.
- Asquini, L., E. Furlani, S. Bruckner, and S. Maschio. 2008. Production and characterization of sintered ceramics from paper mill sludge and glass cullet. Chemosphere 71:83–89. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.10.037.
- Ávila Ramírez, J. A., P. Cerrutti, C. Bernal, M. I. Errea, and M. L. Foresti. 2019. Nanocomposites based on poly(lactic acid) and bacterial cellulose acetylated by an α-hydroxyacid catalyzed route. Journal of Polymers and the Environment 27 (3):510–20. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-019-01367-5.
- Bajpai, P. 2015. Management of pulp and paper mill waste. Springer International Publishing. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11788-1.
- Barkalow, D. G., R. M. Rowell, and R. A. Young. 1989. A new approach for the production of cellulose acetate: Acetylation of mechanical pulp with subsequent isolation of cellulose acetate by differential solubility. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 37 (4):1009–18. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/app.1989.070370414.
- Barud, H. S., A. M. Ara, D. B. De, Santos, C. S. Meireles, D. A. Cerqueira, and R. M. N. Assunc. 2008. Thermal behavior of cellulose acetate produced from homogeneous acetylation of bacterial cellulose. Thermochimica Acta 471:61–69. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2008.02.009.
- Bledzki, A. K., A. A. Mamun, M. Lucka-Gabor, and V. S. Gutowski. 2008. The effects of acetylation on properties of flax fibre and its polypropylene composites. Express Polymer Letters 2 (6):413–22. doi:https://doi.org/10.3144/expresspolymlett.2008.50.
- Cao, Y., J. Zhang, J. He, H. Li, and Y. Zhang. 2010. Homogeneous acetylation of cellulose at relatively high concentrations in an ionic liquid. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 18 (3):515–22. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1004-9541(10)60252-2.
- Cerqueira, D. A., G. Rodrigues Filho, R. A. Carvalho, and A. J. M. Valente. 2010. Caracterização de acetato de celulose obtido a partir do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar por 1H-RMN. Polímeros 20 (2):85–91. doi:https://doi.org/10.1590/s0104-14282010005000017.
- Cerqueira, D. A., G. R. Filho, and C. S. Meireles. 2007. Optimization of sugarcane bagasse cellulose acetylation. Carbohydrate Polymers 69 (3):579–82. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2007.01.010.
- Ciobanu, M., E. Bobu, and F. Ciolacu. 2010. In-situ cellulose fibres loading with calcium carbonate precipitated by different methods. Cellulose Chemistry & Technology 44 (9):379–87.
- Dalas, E., P. G. Klepetsanis, and P. G. Koutsoukos. 2000. Calcium carbonate deposition on cellulose. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science (62):56–62. doi:https://doi.org/10.1006/jcis.1999.6670.
- Ding, W. D., M. Pervaiz, and M. Sain. 2018. Cellulose-enabled polylactic acid (PLA) nanocomposites: Recent developments and emerging trends. In Functional biopolymers. Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing 183-216. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66417-0_7.
- Elloumi, A., M. Makhlouf, A. Elleuchi, and C. Bradai. 2018. The potential of deinking paper sludge for recycled HDPE reinforcement. Polymer Composites 39 (3):616–23. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.23975.
- Elomaa, M., T. Asplund, P. Soininen, R. Laatikainen, S. Peltonen, S. Hyvärinen, and A. Urtti. 2004. Determination of the degree of substitution of acetylated starch by hydrolysis, 1H NMR and TGA/IR. Carbohydrate Polymers 57 (3):261–67. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2004.05.003.
- Fava, G., M. L. Ruello, and V. Corinaldesi. 2011. Paper mill sludge ash as supplementary cementitious material. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 23 (6):772–76. doi:https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)mt.1943-5533.0000218.
- Fei, P., L. Liao, B. Cheng, and J. Song. 2017. Quantitative analysis of cellulose acetate with a high degree of substitution by FTIR and its application. Analytical Methods 9 (43):6194–201. doi:https://doi.org/10.1039/C7AY02165H.
- Filho, G. R., S. F. Da Cruz, D. Pasquini, D. A. Cerqueira, V. D. S. Prado, and R. M. N. De Assunção. 2000. Water flux through cellulose triacetate films produced from heterogeneous acetylation of sugar cane bagasse. Journal of Membrane Science 177 (1–2):225–31. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0376-7388(00)00469-5.
- Frías, M., O. Rodríguez, and M. I. S. Rojas. 2015. Paper sludge, an environmentally sound alternative source of MK-based cementitious materials. A review. Construction and Building Materials 74:37–48.
- Frisoni, G., M. Baiardo, and M. Scandola. 2001. Natural celulose fibers: Heterogeneos acetylation kinetics. Biomacromolecules 2 (2):476–82. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/bm0056409.
- Furlani, E., G. Tonello, S. Maschio, E. Aneggi, D. Minichelli, S. Bruckner, and E. Lucchini. 2011. Sintering and characterisation of ceramics containing paper sludge, glass cullet and different types of clayey materials. Ceramics International 37 (4):1293–99. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2010.12.005.
- Garside, P., and P. Wyeth. 2014. Identification of cellulosic fibres by FTIR spectroscopy differentiation of flax and hemp by polarized ATR FTIR. Studies in Conservation 51 (3):205–11. doi:https://doi.org/10.1179/sic.2006.51.3.205.
- Heineck, K. S., N. C. Consoli, and L. S. Ibeiro. 2011. Engineering Properties of Fibrous Paper Mill Sludge from Southern Brazil. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 23 (9):1346–52. doi:https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)mt.1943-5533.0000306.
- Khalil, H. P. S., H. Ismail, H. D. Rozman, and M. N. Ahmad. 2001. The effect of acetylation on interfacial shear strength between plant® bres and various matrices. European Polymer Journal 37:1037–45. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-3057(00)00199-3.
- Khelifa, F., Y. Habibi, and P. Dubois. 2016. Nanocellulose-based polymeric blends for coating applications. In Multifunctional polymeric nanocomposites based on cellulosic reinforcements. William Andrew Publishing, Elsevier 131–175. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-44248-0.00005-5.
- Kim, D. Y., Y. Nishiyama, and S. Kuga. 2002. Surface acetylation of bacterial cellulose. Cellulose 9 (3–4):361–67. doi:https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021140726936.
- Kinnarinen, T., M. Golmaei, E. Jernström, and A. Häkkinen. 2016. Separation, treatment and utilization of inorganic residues of chemical pulp mills. Journal of Cleaner Production 133:953–64. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.06.024.
- Klemm, D., B. Philipp, T. Heinze, U. Heinze, and W. Wagenknecht. 1998. Analytical Methods in Cellulose Chemistry. In Comprehensive cellulose chemistry: Volume I: Fundamentals and analytical methods. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH 167-217.
- Krigstin, B. S., and M. Sain. 2006. Characterization and potential utilization of recycled paper mill sludge. Pulp Paper Canada, 5:29–32.
- Kusumaningrum, W., F. Syamani, D. Desiana, L. Syuryanegara, and S. Subyakto. 2017. Characterization of acetylated cellulose from palm frond fiber. Journal of Lignocellulose Technology 2:18–23. http://www.biomaterial.lipi.go.id/epub/index.php/jolt/article/view/116.
- Lu, Q., Z. Cai, S. Wang, F. Lin, B. Lu, Y. Chen, and B. Huang. 2017. Controlled construction of nanostructured organic − inorganic hybrid material induced by nanocellulose. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 5:8456−8463. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b02394.
- Monte, M. C., E. Fuente, A. Blanco, and C. Negro. 2009. Waste management from pulp and paper production in the European Union. Waste Management 29 (1):293–308. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2008.02.002.
- Nabili, A., A. Fattoum, M. Christine, B. Salon, and J. Bras. 2017. Synthesis of cellulose triacetate - I from microfibrillated date seeds cellulose (Phoenix dactylifera L.). Iranian Polymer Journal 26 (2):137–47. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s13726-017-0505-5.
- Ochoa de Alda, J. A. G. 2008. Feasibility of recycling pulp and paper mill sludge in the paper and board industries. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 52 (7):965–72. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2008.02.005.
- Olaru, N., L. Olaru, C. Vasile, and P. Ander. 2011. Surface modified cellulose obtained by acetylation without solvents of bleached and unbleached kraft pulps. Polimery 56 (11):11–12. doi:https://doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2011.834.
- Rahman, M. A., and J. Halfar. 2015. First evidence of chitin in calcified coralline algae: New insights into the calcification process of Clathromorphum compactum. Scientific Reports 4 (1):6162. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/srep06162.
- Rana, A. K., R. K. Basak, B. C. Mitra, M. Lawther, and A. N. Banerjee. 1997. Studies of acetylation of jute using simplified procedure and its characterization. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 64 (8):1517–23. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19970523)64:8<1517::AID-APP9>3.0.CO;2-K.
- Robles, E., I. Urruzola, J. Labidi, and L. Serrano. 2015. Surface-modified nano-cellulose as reinforcement in poly(lactic acid) to conform new composites. Industrial Crops and Products 71:44–53. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/J.INDCROP.2015.03.075.
- Rodrigues Filho, G., D. S. Monteiro, C. S. Meireles, R. M. N. de Assunção, D. A. Cerqueira, H. S. Barud, S. J. L. Ribeiro, Y. Messadeq, G. Rodrigues, D. Santos, et al. 2008. Synthesis and characterization of cellulose acetate produced from recycled newspaper. Carbohydrate Polymers 73 (1):74–82. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2007.11.010.
- Roman, M., and W. T. Winter. 2004. Effect of sulfate groups from sulfuric acid hydrolysis on the thermal degradation behavior of bacterial cellulose. Biomacromolecules 1671–77. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/bm034519.
- Sassi, J. F., and H. Chanzy. 1995. Ultrastructural aspects of the acetylation of cellulose. Cellulose 2 (2):111–27. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00816384.
- Segal, L., J. J. Creely, A. E. Martin, and C. M. Conrad. 1959. An empirical method for estimating the degree of crystallinity of native cellulose using the X-ray diffractometer. Textile Research Journal 29 (10):786–94. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/004051755902901003.
- Senthil Kumar, R., and P. Rajkumar. 2014. Characterization of minerals in air dust particles in the state of Tamilnadu, India through FTIR, XRD and SEM analyses. Infrared Physics & Technology 67 (2014):30–41. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infrared.2014.06.002.
- Seymour, R. B., and E. L. Johnson. 1978. Acetylation of DMSO:PF solutions of cellulose. Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 16 (1):1–11. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.1978.170160101.
- Silva, R. R., D. T. B. Salvi, M. V. Santos, H. S. Barud, L. F. Marques, S. H. S. Ribei, A. Tercjak, and S. J. L. Ribeiro. 2017. Multifunctional organic–inorganic hybrids based on cellulose acetate and 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane. Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology 81 (1):114–26. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-016-4089-x.
- Simão, L., D. Hotza, F. Raupp-Pereira, J. A. Labrincha, and O. R. K. Montedo. 2018. Wastes from pulp and paper mills - a review of generation and recycling alternatives. Cerâmica 64 (371):443–53. doi:https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132018643712414.
- Simão, L., J. Jiusti, N. J. Lóh, D. Hotza, F. Raupp-Pereira, J. A. Labrincha, and O. R. K. Montedo. 2017. Waste-containing clinkers: Valorization of alternative mineral sources from pulp and paper mills. Process Safety and Environmental Protection 109:106–16. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2017.03.038.
- Sun, X. F., and R. C. Sun. 2002. Comparative study of acetylation of rice straw fiber with or without catalysts. Wood and Fiber Science 34 (2):306–17.
- Szymańska-Chargot, M., J. Cieśla, M. Chylińska, K. Gdula, P. M. Pieczywek, A. Kozioł, K. J. Cieślak, and A. Zdunek. 2018. Effect of ultrasonication on physicochemical properties of apple based nanocellulose-calcium carbonate composites. Cellulose 25:4603–21. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-018-1900-6.
- TAPPI Standards. 2007. TAPPI T 211 om-02, Ash in wood, pulp, paper and paperboard: combustion at 525°C.
- Tatzber, M., M. Stemmer, H. Spiegel, C. Katzlberger, G. Haberhauer, and M. H. Gerzabek. 2007. An alternative method to measure carbonate in soils by FT-IR spectroscopy. Environmental Chemistry Letters 5 (1):9–12. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-006-0079-5.
- Tripathi, A., M. Ago, S. A. Khan, and O. J. Rojas. 2018. Heterogeneous acetylation of plant fibers into micro- and nanocelluloses for the synthesis of highly stretchable, tough, and water-resistant co-continuous filaments via wet-spinning. ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces 10 (51):44776–86. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b17790.
- Tserki, V., N. E. Zafeiropoulos, F. Simon, and C. Panayiotou. 2005. A study of the effect of acetylation and propionylation surface treatments on natural fibres. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 36 (8):1110–18. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2005.01.004.
- Wolff, E., W. K. Schwabe, and S. V. Conceição. 2015. Utilization of water treatment plant sludge in structural ceramics. Journal of Cleaner Production 96:282–89. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.06.018.
- Zhou, X., X. Lin, K. L. White, S. Lin, H. Wu, S. Cao, and L. Huang. 2016. Effect of the degree of substitution on the hydrophobicity of acetylated cellulose for production of liquid marbles. Cellulose 23 (1):811–21. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-015-0856-z.