Effects of Alkalization on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Biologically Degummed Okra Bast and Corn Husk Fibers

References

• ASTM D 1577 07 standard test methods for linear density of textile fibers. 2007. West Conshohocken, PA.
   Google Scholar
• ASTM D 2495 07 standard test method for moisture in cotton by oven-drying. 2007. West Conshohocken, PA.
   Google Scholar
• ASTM D 3822 07 standard test method for tensile properties of single textile fibers. 2007. West Conshohocken, PA.
   Google Scholar
• Bodros, E., and C. Baley. 2008. Study of the tensile properties of stinging nettle fibres (Urtica Dioica). Materials Letters 62 (14):2143–45. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2007.11.034.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Rosa, I. M., J. M. Kenny, D. Puglia, C. Santulli, and F. Sarasini. 2010. Morphological, thermal and mechanical characterization of Okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus) fibres as potential reinforcement in polymer composites. Composites Science and Technology 70 (1):116–22. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2009.09.013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Rosa, I. M., J. M. Kenny, M. Maniruzzaman, M. Moniruzzaman, M. Monti, D. Puglia, C. Santulli, and F. Sarasini. 2011. Effect of chemical treatments on the mechanical and thermal behaviour of Okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus) fibres. Composites Science and Technology 71 (2):246–54. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2010.11.023.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gañán, P., J. Cruz, S. Garbizu, A. Arbelaiz, and I. Mondragon. 2004. Stem and bunch banana fibers from cultivation wastes: effect of treatments on physico-chemical behavior. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 94 (4):1489–95. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/app.21061.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gonzales, R., E. Reguera, L. Mendoza, J. M. Figueroa, and F. Sanchez-Sinencio. 2004. Physicochemical changes in the hull of corn grains during their alkaline cooking. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 52:3831–37.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Islam, M. S., K. L. Pickering, and N. J. Foreman. 2011. Influence of alkali fiber treatment and fiber processing on the mechanical properties of hemp/epoxy composites. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 119 (6):3696–707.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jonoobi, M., J. Harun, A. Shakeri, M. Misra, and K. Oksman. 2009. Chemical composition, crystallinity, and thermal degradation of bleached and unbleached kenaf bast (Hibiscus Cannabinus) pulp and nanofibers. BioResources 4 (2):626–39.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan, G. M., M. S. Arifuzzaman, S. M. Abdur Razzaque, M. S. Islam, M. S. Alam, and M. M. Islam. 2009a. Grafting of acrylonitrile monomer onto bleached okra bast fibre and its textile properties. Indian Journal of Fibre and Textile Research 34 (4):321–27.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan, G. M. A., N. D. Yilmaz, and K. Yilmaz. 2017b. Recent developments in design and manufacturing of biocomposites of bombyx mori silk fibroin. In Handbook of composites from renewable materials vol 2 design and manufacturing, ed. V. K. Thakur and M. K. Thakur, 377–410. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Scrivener.
   Google Scholar
• Khan, G. M. A., M. H. Md Shaheruzzaman, S. M. Rahman, A. Razzaque, M. S. Islam, and M. S. Alam. 2009b. Surface modification of okra bast fiber and its physico-chemical characteristics. Fibers and Polymers 10 (1):65–70. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-009-0065-1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan, G. M. A., N. D. Yilmaz, and K. Yilmaz. 2017a. Okra bast fiber as potential reinforcement element of biocomposites: can it be the flax of the future. In Handbook of composites from renewable materials volume 4: “functionalization”, 379–406. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Scrivener.
   Google Scholar
• Khan, G. M. A., N. D. Yilmaz, and K. Yilmaz. 2019. Effects of chemical treatments and degumming methods on physical and mechanical properties of Okra Bast and Corn Husk fibers. Journal of the Textile Institute. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00405000.2019.1702492.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, T. S., H. Y. Choi, H. N. Choi, K.-Y. Lee, S.-H. Kim, S. G. Lee, and K. Da Yong. 2013. Effect of surface treatment of ramie fiber on the interfacial adhesion of ramie/Acetylated Epoxidized Soybean Oil (AESO) Green Composite. Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology 27 (12):1335–47. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/01694243.2012.697326.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maize, total, production quantity (Tons) - for all countries. 2018.
   Google Scholar
• Mangut, M., and N. Karahan. 2011. Textile fibers. 4th ed. Bursa, Turkey: Ekin Kitabevi.
   Google Scholar
• Motaghi, Z. 2018. An economical dyeing process for cotton and wool fabrics and improvement their antibacterial properties and UV protection. Journal of Natural Fibers 15 (2):777–88.
   Google Scholar
• Muthukumar, N., G. Thilagavathi, P. T. Neelakrishnan, and S. Poovaragan. 2019. Sound and thermal insulation properties of flax/low melt PET needle punched nonwovens. Journal of Natural Fibers 16 (2):245–52.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okra, production quantity (Tons) - for all countries. 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Oliva-taravilla, A., E. Tomás-pejó, M. Demuez, C. González-fernández, and M. Ballesteros. 2016. Effect of laccase dosage on enzymatic hydrolysis of steam-exploded wheat straw. Cellulose Chemistry and Technology 50 (3–4):391–95.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peng, W., L. Wang, M. Ohkoshi, and M. Zhang. 2015. Separation of hemicelluloses from eucalyptus species : investigating the residue after alkaline treatment. Cellulose Chemistry and Technology 49 (9–10):757–64.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy, J. P., and J.-W. Rhim. 2018. Extraction and characterization of cellulose microfibers from agricultural wastes of onion and garlic. Journal of Natural Fibers 15 (4):465–73.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy, N., and Y. Yang. 2005. Properties and potential applications of natural cellulose fibers from cornhusks. Green Chemistry 7 (4):190–95. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2009.03.013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saba, N., M. Jawaid, and O. Y. Alothman. 2017. Green biocomposites for structural applications green biocomposites for structural applications. In Green biocomposites, green energy and technology, ed. M. Jawaid, S. M. Sapuan, and O. Y. Alothman, 1–27. Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49382-4.
   Google Scholar
• Sain, M., and S. Panthpulakkal. 2004. Green fiber thermoplastic composites. In Green composites: polymer composites and the environment, ed. C. Baillie, 181–206. England: Woodhead Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Sari, N. H., I. N. G. Wardana, Y. S. Irawan, and E. Siswanto. 2018. characterization of the chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of NaOH-treated natural cellulosic fibers from corn husks. Journal of Natural Fibers 15 (4):545–58.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thakur, M. K., A. K. Rana, and V. K. Thakur. 2015. Lignocellulosic polymer composites: a brief overview. In Lignocellulosic polymer composites: processing, characterization, and properties, ed. V. K. Thakur, 3–16. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Scrivener.
   Google Scholar
• Why MAIZE. 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Yilmaz, N. D. 2013a. Effect of chemical extraction parameters on corn husk fibres characteristics. Indian Journal of Fibre & Textile Research 38 (1):29–34.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yilmaz, N. D. 2013b. Effects of enzymatic treatments on the mechanical properties of corn husk fibers. Journal of the Textile Institute 104 (4):396–406.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yilmaz, N. D., S. Konak, K. Yilmaz, A. A. Kartal, and E. Kayahan. 2016. Characterization, modification and use of biomass: okra fibers. Bioinspired, Biomimetic and Nanobiomaterials. doi:https://doi.org/10.1680/jbibn.15.00014.
   Google Scholar
• Zakriya, G. M., and G. Ramakrishnan. 2019. Jute and hollow conjugated polyester composites for outdoor & indoor insulation applications. Journal of Natural Fibers 16 (2):185–98.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar