1,391
Views
39
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Job Strain and Shift Work Influences on Biomarkers and Subclinical Heart Disease Indicators: A Pilot Study

, , &
Pages 467-477 | Published online: 18 Jun 2012

REFERENCES

  • Karasek , R. A. and Theorell , T. 1990 . Healthy Work. Stress, Productivity and the Reconstruction of Working Life , New York : Basic Books .
  • Belkic , K. , Lanbergis , P. Schnall , P. 2000 . Psychosocial factors: Review of the empirical data among men. The workplace and cardiovascular disease . Occup. Med. State Art Rev. , 15 : 24 – 46 .
  • Kivimaki , M. , Virtanen , M. , Elovainio , M. , Kouvonen , A. , Vaananen , A. and Vahtera , J. 2006 . Work stress in the etiology of coronary heart disease—A meta-analysis . Scand. J. Work Environ. Health , 32 ( 6 ) : 431 – 442 .
  • Eller , N. H. , Netterstrom , B. Gyntelberg , F. 2009 . Work-related psychosocial factors and the development of ischemic heart disease: A systematic review . Cardiol. Rev. , 17 ( 2 ) : 83 – 97 .
  • Karasek , R. 2008 . Low social control and physiological deregulation—The stress-disequilibrium theory, towards a new demand-control model . Scand. J. Work Environ. Health Suppl , 6 : 117 – 135 .
  • McEwen , B. S. 2008 . Central effects of stress hormones in health and disease: Understanding the protective and damaging effects of stress and stress mediators . Eur. J. Pharmacol. , 583 ( 2–3 ) : 174 – 185 .
  • Collins , S. and Karasek , R. 2010 . Reduced vagal cardiac control variance in exhausted and high strain job subjects . Int. J. Occup. Med. Environ. Health , 23 ( 3 ) : 1 – 12 .
  • Prescott , E. , Holst , C. , Gronbaek , M. , Schnohr , P. , Jensen , G. and Barefoot , J. 2003 . Vital exhaustion as a risk factor for ischaemic heart disease and all-cause mortality in a community sample. A prospective study of 4084 men and 5479 women in the Copenhagen City Heart Study . Int. J. Epidemiol , 32 ( 6 ) : 990 – 997 .
  • Puttonen , S. , Harma , M. and Hublin , C. 2010 . Shift work and cardiovascular disease—Pathways from circadian stress to morbidity . Scand. J. Work Environ. Health , 36 ( 2 ) : 96 – 108 .
  • Frost , P. , Kolstad , H. A. and Bonde , J. P. 2009 . Shift work and the risk of ischemic heart disease—A systematic review of the epidemiologic evidence . Scand. J. Work Environ. Health , 35 ( 3 ) : 163 – 179 .
  • Boivin , D. , Tremblay , G. and James , F. 2007 . Working on atypical schedules . Sleep Med , 8 ( 6 ) : 578 – 589 .
  • Naitoh , P. , Kelly , T. and Englund , D. 1990 . Health Effects of Sleep Deprivation , 209 – 237 . Philadelphia , Pa : Hanley & Belfus .
  • National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) . 1997 . Plain Language about Shiftwork , DHHS (NIOSH) Pub. No. 97-145 Edited by: Rosa , R. R. and Colligan , M. J. Cincinnati , Ohio : NIOSH .
  • Knutsson , A. , Akerstedt , T. , Jonsson , B. and Orth-Gomer , K. 1986 . Increased risk of ischaemic heart disease in shift workers . Lancet , 1986 ( 2 ) : 89 – 92 .
  • Karlsson , B. , Alfredsson , L. , Knutsson , A. , Andersson , E. and Toren , K. 2005 . Total mortality and cause-specific mortality of Swedish shift- and dayworkers in the pulp and paper industry in 1952–2001 . Scand. J. Work Environ. Health 31 , : 30 – 35 .
  • Ha , M. and Park , J. 2005 . Shiftwork and metabolic risk factors of cardiovascular disease . J. Occup. Health , 47 ( 2 ) : 89 – 95 .
  • Dorevitch , S. and Forst , L. 2000 . The occupational hazards of emergency physicians . Am. J. Emerg. Med. , 18 ( 3 ) : 300 – 311 .
  • Dutton , L. M. , Smolensky , M. H. , Leach , C. S. , Lorimor , R. and Hsi , B. P. 1978 . Stress levels of ambulance paramedics and fire fighters . J. Occup. Med , 20 ( 2 ) : 111 – 115 .
  • Cydulka , R. K. , Emerman , C. L. , Shade , B. and Kubincanek , J. 1997 . Stress levels in EMS personnel: A national survey . Prehosp. Disaster Med , 12 ( 2 ) : 136 – 140 .
  • Hammer , J. S. , Mathews , J. J. , Lyons , J. S. and Johnson , N. J. 1986 . Occupational stress within the paramedic profession: An initial report of stress levels compared to hospital employees . Ann. Emerg. Med , 15 ( 5 ) : 536 – 539 .
  • Sterud , T. , Hem , E. , Ekeberg , O. and Lau , B. 2008 . Occupational stressors and its organizational and individual correlates: A nationwide study of Norwegian ambulance personnel . BMC Emerg. Med , 8 : 16
  • Balarajan , R. 1989 . Inequalities in health within the health sector . Br. Med. J , 299 ( 6703 ) : 822 – 825 .
  • Sterud , T. , Hem , E. , Ekeberg , O. and Lau , B. 2008 . Health problems and help-seeking in a nationwide sample of operational Norwegian ambulance personnel . BMC Public Health , 8 : 3
  • Rosenzweig , M. , Leiman , A. and Breedlove , S. 2005 . Biological Psychology. An Introduction to Behavioural and Cognitive Neuroscience, , 4th Ed. , Sunderland , Mass : Sinauer Associaties .
  • Sapolsky , R. M. , Romero , L. M. and Munck , A. U. 2000 . How do glucocorticoids influence stress responses? Integrating permissive, suppressive, stimulatory, and preparative actions . Endocr. Rev , 21 ( 1 ) : 55 – 89 .
  • Granger , D. , Kivlighan , K. , El-Sheikh , M. , Gordis , E. and Stroud , L. 2008 . “ Assessment of salivary alpha-amylase in biobehavioural research ” . In Handbook of Physiological Research Methods in Health Psychology , Edited by: Luecken , L. and Gallo , L. 95 – 113 . Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications .
  • McEwen , B. S. 1998 . Protective and damaging effects of stress mediators . N. Engl. J. Med , 338 ( 3 ) : 171 – 179 .
  • Bosch , J. A. , deGeus , E. J. , Veerman , E. C. , Hoogstraten , J. and Nieuw Amerongen , A. V. 2003 . Innate secretory immunity in response to laboratory stressors that evoke distinct patterns of cardiac autonomic activity . Psychosom. Med , 65 ( 2 ) : 245 – 258 .
  • Filaire , E. , Portier , H. , Massart , A. , Ramat , L. and Teixeira , A. 2010 . Effect of lecturing to 200 students on heart rate variability and alpha-amylase activity . Eur. J. Appl. Physiol , 108 ( 5 ) : 1035 – 1043 .
  • Broadley , A. J. , Korszun , A. Abdelaal , E. 2005 . Inhibition of cortisol production with metyrapone prevents mental stress-induced endothelial dysfunction and baroreflex impairment . J. Am. Coll. Cardiol , 46 ( 2 ) : 344 – 350 .
  • Hizume , T. , Morikawa , K. Takaki , A. 2006 . Sustained elevation of serum cortisol level causes sensitization of coronary vasoconstricting responses in pigs in vivo: A possible link between stress and coronary vasospasm . Circ. Res , 99 ( 7 ) : 767 – 775 .
  • Karasek , R. and Theorell , T. 1990 . “ The psychosocial work environment ” . In Healthy Work: Stress, Productivity and the Reconstruction of Working Life , 31 – 82 . New York : Basic Books .
  • Population Estimates . [Online] Available at http://www.bcstats.gov.bc.ca/data/pop/pop/estspop.asp (acessed May 9, 2011)
  • Beaton , R. D. and Murphy , S. A. 1993 . Sources of occupational stress among firefighter/EMTs and firefighter/paramedics and correlations with job-related outcomes . Prehosp. Disaster Med. , 8 ( 2 ) : 140 – 150 .
  • Statistics Canada: . (public use files). (2005 . Statistic Canada (producer). Accessed through UBC Library (distributor) Canadian Community Health Survey, Cycle 3.1
  • Miller , G. E. , Chen , E. and Zhou , E. S. 2007 . If it goes up, must it come down? Chronic stress and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis in humans . Psychol. Bull , 133 ( 1 ) : 25 – 45 .
  • Niu , S. F. , Chung , M. H. , Chen , C. H. , Hegney , D. , O’Brien , A. and Chou , K. R. 2011 . The effect of shift rotation on employee cortisol profile, sleep quality, fatigue, and attention level: A systematic review . J. Nurs. Res , 19 ( 1 ) : 68 – 81 .
  • Rohleder , N. and Nater , U. M. 2009 . Determinants of salivary alpha-amylase in humans and methodological considerations . Psychoneuroendocrinology , 34 ( 4 ) : 469 – 485 .
  • Wolf , J. M. , Nicholls , E. and Chen , E. 2008 . Chronic stress, salivary cortisol, and alpha-amylase in children with asthma and healthy children . Biol. Psychol , 78 ( 1 ) : 20 – 28 .
  • Clements , A. D. and Parker , C. R. 1998 . The relationship between salivary cortisol concentrations in frozen versus mailed samples . Psychoneuroendocrinology 23 , : 613 – 616 .
  • Garde , A. H. and Hansen , A. M. 2005 . Long-term stability of salivary cortisol . Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest , 65 ( 5 ) : 433 – 436 .
  • Nicholson , N. 2008 . “ Measurement of cortisol ” . In Handbook of Psychological Research Methods in Health Psychology , 37 – 74 . Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications .
  • Granger , D. , Kivlighan , K. , Sheikh , M. , Gordis , E. and Stroud , L. 2007 . Salivary alpha-amylase in behavioural research: Recent developments and applications . Ann. NY Acad. Sci , 1098 : 122 – 144 .
  • Rohleder , N. , Wolf , J. M. , Maldonado , E. F. and Kirschbaum , C. 2006 . The psychosocial stress-induced increase in salivary alpha-amylase is independent of saliva flow rate . Psychophysiology , 43 ( 6 ) : 645 – 652 .
  • Kraemer , H. C. , Giese-Davis , J. Yutsis , M. 2006 . Design decisions to optimize reliability of daytime cortisol slopes in an older population . Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 14 , : 325 – 333 .
  • Pruessner , J. , Kirschbaum , C. , Meinlschmid , G. and Hellhammer , D. 2003 . Two formulas for computation of the area under the curve represent measures of total hormone concentration versus time-dependent change . Psychoneuroendocrinology , 28 ( 7 ) : 916 – 931 .
  • Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology . 1996 . Heart rate variability. Standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use. Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology . Eur. Heart J , 17 ( 3 ) : 354 – 381 .
  • Tsuji , H. , Larson , M. G. Venditti , F. J. Jr. 1996 . Impact of reduced heart rate variability on risk for cardiac events. The Framingham Heart Study . Circulation 94 , : 2850 – 2855 .
  • Thayer , J. F. , Yamamoto , S. S. and Brosschot , J. F. 2010 . The relationship of autonomic imbalance, heart rate variability and cardiovascular disease risk factors . Int. J. Cardiol , 141 ( 2 ) : 122 – 131 .
  • Dekker , J. M. , Crow , R. S. Folsom , A. R. 2000 . Low heart rate variability in a 2-minute rhythm strip predicts risk of coronary heart disease and mortality from several causes: The ARIC Study. Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities . Circulation 102 , : 1239 – 1244 .
  • Lindholm , H. , Sinisalo , J. Ahlberg , J. 2009 . High job control enhances vagal recovery in media work . Occup. Med. (Lond) 59 , : 570 – 573 .
  • Van Amelsvoort , L. G. , Schouten , E. G. , Maan , A. C. , Swenne , C. A. and Kok , F. J. 2001 . Changes in frequency of premature complexes and heart rate variability related to shift work . Occup. Environ. Med , 58 ( 10 ) : 678 – 681 .
  • Gamelin , F. X. , Baquet , G. , Berthoin , S. and Bosquet , L. 2008 . Validity of the polar S810 to measure R-R intervals in children . Int. J. Sports Med , 29 ( 2 ) : 134 – 138 .
  • Gamelin , F. X. , Berthoin , S. and Bosquet , L. 2006 . Validity of the polar S810 heart rate monitor to measure R-R intervals at rest . Med. Sci. Sports Exerc , 38 ( 5 ) : 887 – 893 .
  • Niskanen , J. , Tarvainen , M. , Ranta-aho , P. and Karjalainen , P. 2004 . Software for advanced HRV analysis . Comput. Methods Programs Biomed , 76 ( 1 ) : 73 – 81 .
  • Berardi , L. , Chau , N. P. , Chanudet , X. , Vilar , J. and Larroque , P. 1992 . Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring: A critical review of the current methods to handle outliers . J. Hypertens , 10 ( 10 ) : 1243 – 1248 .
  • Kleiger , R. E. , Stein , P. K. and Bigger , J. T. Jr . 2005 . Heart rate variability: Measurement and clinical utility . Ann. Noninvasive. Electrocardiol , 10 ( 1 ) : 88 – 101 .
  • Umetani , K. , Singer , D. H. , McCraty , R. and Atkinson , M. 1998 . Twenty-four hour time domain heart rate variability and heart rate: Relations to age and gender over nine decades . J. Am. Coll. Cardiol , 31 ( 3 ) : 593 – 601 .
  • Mangos , G. J. , Walker , B. R. , Kelly , J. J. , Lawson , J. A. , Webb , D. J. and Whitworth , J. A. 2000 . Cortisol inhibits cholinergic vasodilatation in the human forearm . Am. J. Hypertens , 13 ( 11 ) : 1155 – 1160 .
  • Broadley , A. J.M. , Korszun , A. Abdelaal , E. 2005 . Inhibition of cortisol production with metyrapone prevents mental stress-induced endothelial dysfunction and baroreflex impairment . J. Am. Coll. Cardiol , 46 ( 2 ) : 344 – 350 .
  • Verma , S. , Buchanan , M. R. and Anderson , T. J. 2003 . Endothelial function testing as a biomarker of vascular disease . Circulation , 108 ( 17 ) : 2054 – 2059 .
  • Vane , J. R. , Anggard , E. E. and Botting , R. M. 1990 . Regulatory functions of the vascular endothelium . N. Engl. J. Med , 323 ( 1 ) : 27 – 36 .
  • Kuvin , J. T. , Patel , A. R. Sliney , K. A. 2003 . Assessment of peripheral vascular endothelial function with finger arterial pulse wave amplitude . Am. Heart J , 146 ( 1 ) : 168 – 174 .
  • Tomfohr , L. M. , Martin , T. M. and Miller , G. E. 2008 . Symptoms of depression and impaired endothelial function in healthy adolescent women . J. Behav. Med , 31 ( 2 ) : 137 – 143 .
  • Liu , J. , Wang , J. , Jin , Y. , Roethig , H. J. and Unverdorben , M. 2009 . Variability of peripheral arterial tonometry in the measurement of endothelial function in healthy men . Clin. Cardiol , 32 ( 12 ) : 700 – 704 .
  • Bonetti , P. O. , Pumper , G. M. , Higano , S. T. , Holmes , D. R. Jr. , Kuvin , J. T. and Lerman , A. 2004 . Noninvasive identification of patients with early coronary atherosclerosis by assessment of digital reactive hyperemia . J. Am. Coll. Cardiol , 44 ( 11 ) : 2137 – 2141 .
  • Cohen , J. 1988 . Statistical Power and Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences , Mahwah , N.J. : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc. Publishers .
  • Faul , F. , Erdfelder , E. , Lang , A. and Buchner , A. 2007 . G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioural and biomedical sciences . Behav. Res. Methods , 39 ( 2 ) : 175 – 191 .
  • Knutsson , A. and Boggild , H. 2000 . Shiftwork and cardiovascular disease: Review of disease mechanisms . Rev. Environ. Health , 15 ( 4 ) : 359 – 372 .
  • Suessenbacher , A. , Potocnik , M. Dorler , J. 2011 . Comparison of peripheral endothelial function in shift versus nonshift workers . Am. J. Cardiol , 107 ( 6 ) : 945 – 948 .
  • Koehoorn , M. , Demers , P. A. Wong , I. S. Cardiovascular Disease among British Columbia Paramedics Research report submitted to WorkSafeBC. February 2011. (peer reviewed)

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.