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Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene Volume 12, 2015 - Issue 3
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Original Articles

The Relationship Between Elemental Carbon and Diesel Particulate Matter in Underground Metal/Nonmetal Mines in the United States and Coal Mines in Australia

James NollDust, Ventilation and Toxic Substance Branch, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Pittsburgh Research Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PennsylvaniaCorrespondence[email protected]
,
Stewart GillesMissouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri
,
Hsin Wei WuGilles Wu Mining Technology Pty Ltd., Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
&
Elaine RubinsteinDust, Ventilation and Toxic Substance Branch, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Pittsburgh Research Laboratory, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Pages 205-211 | Published online: 13 Jan 2015

REFERENCES

  • “Diesel Particulate Matter Exposure of Underground Metal and Nonmetal Miners,” Federal Register 66:13 (19 January 2001). p. 5706.
  • “Part II, Diesel Particulate Matter Exposure of Underground Metal and Nonmetal Miners, Federal Register 71: 96 (28924.
  • Cantrell, B.K., W.F. Watts Jr.: Diesel Exhaust Aerosol, Review of Measurement Technology. In The Canadian Ad Hoc Committee Proceedings of the November 6–7, 1996, Plenary Conference in Toronto, Ontario, Diesel Emissions Exposure Reduction in Mines. Toronto, Ontario, Canada: Canada Centre for Mineral and Energy Technology (CANMET), pp. 7.1–7.9, 1996.
  • Kittelson, D.B.: Engines and nanoparticles: A review. J. Aerosol Sci. 29:575–588 (1998).
  • Noll, J.D., R.J. Timko, L. McWilliams, et al.: Sampling results of the improved SKC diesel particulate matter cassette. J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 2:29–37 (2005).
  • Noll, J.D., and M.E. Birch: effects of sampling artifacts on occupational samples of diesel particulate matter. Environ. Sci. Technol. 42:5223–5228 (2008).
  • Noll, J.D., S. Mischler, G.H. Schnakenberg, et al.: Measuring Diesel Particulate Matter in Underground Mines Using Sub Micron Elemental Carbon as a Surrogate. In Proceedings for the 11th US North American Mine Ventilation Symposium, J. Mutmansky and R. Ramani (eds.). State College, Pennsylvania, 2006. pp. 105– 110, . 2006.
  • “Diesel Particulate Matter Exposure of Underground Metal and Nonmetal Miners,” Federal Register 67:138 ( p. 47297.
  • Noll, J.D., A.D. Bugarski, L.D. Patts, et al.: Relationship between elemental carbon, total carbon, and diesel particulate matter in several underground metal/non-metal mines. Environ. Sci. and Technol. 41(3):710–716 (2007).
  • “Diesel Particulate Matter Exposure of Underground Metal and Nonmetal Miners,” Federal Register 73:98 () p. 29058.
  • “Diesel Particulate Matter Exposure of Coal Miners,” Federal Register 66:13 (19 January 2001). p. 5526.
  • Noll, J.D., and M.E. Birch: Evaluation of SKC DPM cassettes for monitoring diesel particulate matter in coal mines. J. Environ. Monit. 6:973–978 (2004).
  • Birch, M.E., and J.D. Noll: Submicrometer elemental carbon as a selective measure of diesel particulate matter in coal mines. J. Environ. Monitor. 6:799–806 (2004).
  • New South Wales Department of Primary Industries: “Guideline for the Management of Diesel Engine Pollutants in Underground Environments.” MDG-29, 2008. . Available at http://www.resources.nsw.gov.au/__ data/assets/pdf_file/0011/419465/MDG-29.pdf (accessed November 24, 2014).
  • Noll, J.D., A.B. Cecala, and J.A. Organiscak: The Effectiveness of Several Enclosed Cab Filters and Systems for Reducing Diesel Particulate Matter. In Transactions 2011, Vol. 330. Littleton, CO: Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Inc., 2012. . p. 408.
  • Noll, J.D., L. Patts, and R. Grau: The Effects of Ventilation Controls and Environmental Cabs on Diesel Particulate Matter Concentrations in Some Limestone Mines. Proceedings of the 12th U.S./North American Mine Ventilation Symposium, Reno, NV, June 9–11, 2008. pp. 463–468.
  • Birch, M.E., and R. Cary: Elemental carbon-based method for occupational monitoring of particulate diesel exhaust: methodology and exposure issues. Analyst 121:1183–1190 (1996).
  • National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST): NIST/SEMATECH e-Handbook of Statistical Methods. Gaithersburg, MD: NIST, 2012. Available at http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook . (accessed November 24, 2014).
  • Neter, J., M.H. Kutner, W. Wasserman, C.J. Nachtscheim: Applied Linear Regression Models. New York: McGraw-Hill College, 1996.
  • Meko, D.M., and D.A. Graybill: Tree-ring reconstruction of Upper Gila River discharge. Water Resources Bull. 31(4):605–616 (1995).
  • Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA): “Use of Error Factors in Determining a Miner's Overexposure to DPM,” Program Policy Letter No. P08-IV-01, 2008. Available at http://www.msha.gov/01-995/TotalCarbonPersonalExposureLimit.pdf (accessed November 24, 2014).

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