418
Views
15
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Effect of Temperature and Process on Quantity and Composition of Laboratory-generated Bitumen Emissions

, , , , &

REFERENCES

  • Bodar, C.W.M., F. Berthault, J.H.M. deBruijn, et al.: Evaluation of EU Risk Assessment Existing Chemicals (EC Regulation 793/93). RIVM Report 601504002/2002 RIVM, Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu, Bilthoven, The Netherlands, 2002.
  • International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC): Bitumens and Bitumen Emissions, and Some N- and S-Heterocyclic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Vol. 12. Lyon, France: IARC, 2013.
  • Lauby-Secretan, B., R. Baan, Y. Grosse, et al.: Bitumens and bitumen emissions, and some heterocyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Lancet Oncol. 12(13):1190–1191(2011).
  • Olsson, A., H. Kromhout, M. Agostini, et al.: A case-control study of lung cancer nested in a cohort of European asphalt workers. Environ. Health Perspect. 118(10):1418–1424 (2010).
  • Fuhst, R., O. Creutzenberg, H. Ernst, et al.: 24 months inhalation carcinogenicity study of bitumen fumes in Wistar (WU) rats. J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 4(S1):20–43 (2007).
  • Clark, C.R., D.M. Burnett, C.M. Parker, et al.: Asphalt fume dermal carcinogenicity potential: I. dermal carcinogenicity evaluation of asphalt (bitumen) fume condensates. Regul. Toxicol. Pharm. 61(1):9–16 (2011).
  • Trumbore, D., L. Osborn, G. Blackburn, et al.: Effect of oxidation and extent of oxidation on biologically active PACs in bitumen products. Inhal. Toxicol. 23(12):745–761 (2011).
  • Brandt, H.C., and P.C. De Groot: A laboratory rig for studying aspects of worker exposure to bitumen fumes. AIHA J. 60(2):182–190 (1999).
  • Roberts, F.L., P.S. Kandhal, E.R. Brown, D.Y. Lee, and T.W. Kennedy: Hot Mix Asphalt Materials, Mixture Design, and Construction. Lanham, MD: National Asphalt Pavement Association Publication TB-1. 1991.
  • Reinke, G., M. Swanson, D. Paustenback, and J. Beach: Chemical and mutagenic properties of asphalt fume condensates generated under laboratory and field conditions. Mutat. Res. 469(1):41–50 (2000).
  • Kriech, A.J., L.V. Osborn, D.C. Trumbore, et al.: Evaluation of worker exposure to asphalt roofing fumes: Influence of work practices, materials and environmental conditions. J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 1:88–98 (2004).
  • Cavallari, J.M., L.V. Osborn, J.E. Snawder, et al.: Predictors of airborne exposures to polycyclic aromatic compounds and total organic matter among hot-mix asphalt paving workers and influence of work conditions and practices. Ann. Occup. Hyg. 56(2):138–147 (2012).
  • Cavallari, J.M., L.V. Osborn, J.E. Snawder, et al.: Predictors of dermal exposures to polycyclic aromatic compounds among hot-mix asphalt paving workers. Ann. Occup. Hyg. 56(2):125–137 (2012).
  • Eurobitume: Guidance on Manufacturing Process Descriptions and Use of EINECS/CAS Number Definitions for REACH Registrations, January 2008.
  • Eurobitume: Physical Differentiation Between Air-rectified and Oxidised Bitumens. Technical Committee Task Force, April 15, 2011.
  • Service of Technical Studies of Roads and Highways (SETRA): Azael, Irastorza-Barbet, Odie - Impact Study Report of the Diluent, Flowability and Products Surface. April2006.
  • European Committee for Standardization: Bitumen and Bituminous Binders - Determination of Needle Penetration. (EN 1426) [Standard] Brussels, Belgium: European Committee for Standardization 2005.
  • European Committee for Standardization: Bitumen and Bituminous Binders - Determination of the Softening Point - Ring and Ball Method. (EN 1427) [Standard] Brussels, Belgium: European Committee for Standardization, 2005. 2005.
  • European Committee for Standardization: Methods of Test for Petroleum and Its Products. Petroleum Products. Determination of Flash and Fire Points. Cleveland Open Cup Method. (EN22592). [Standard] Brussels, Belgium: European Committee for Standardization, 1994.
  • Pfeiffer, J.P.H., and P.M. Van Doormaal: The rheological properties of asphaltic bitumensJ. Inst. Petrol. 22:414–440 (1936).
  • Kuszewski, J.R., W.B. Gorman, and E.G. Kane: Characterization of Asphalt Volatility Using TGA and Iatroscan Analyses. Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Roofing Technology. Rosemont, IL: National Roofing Contractors Association, 1997285–291.
  • ASTM Standard E1131: 2008, Standard Test Method for Compositional Analysis by Thermogravimetry, West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International, 2008. Available at http://www.astm.org (accessed June 27, 2011).
  • EN 15527 Characterization of Waste: Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) in Waste Using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). 2008.
  • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): Method SW846-8015B, Nonhalogenated Organics Using GC/FID. In U.S. EPA Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste. Physical/Chemical Method SW846,3rd rev. ed. Washington, DC: EPA (2003).
  • American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM): Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography (Designation: D2887-97a). West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM, 1997.
  • Sivak, A., R. Niemeier, D. Lynch, et al.: Skin carcinogenicity of condensed asphalt roofing fumes and their fractions following dermal application to mice. Cancer Lett. 117:113–123 (1997).
  • Osborn, L.V., J.T. Kurek, A.J. Kriech, and F.M Fehsenfeld: Luminescence spectroscopy as a screening tool for the potential carcinogenicity of asphalt fumes. J. Environ. Monitor 32):185–190 (2001).
  • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): Method SW846-8270C, Semivolatile Organic Compounds by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). U.S. EPA Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Method SW846,3rd rev. ed. Washington, DC: EPA, 1996.
  • Kriech, A.J., L.V. Osborn, H.L. Wissel, et al.: Generation of bitumen fumes using two fume generation protocols and comparison to worker industrial hygiene exposures. J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 4(S1):6–19 (2007).
  • Bolliet, C., C. Juery, and B. Thiebaut: Impact of oxidation process on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) content in bitumen. J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 10(8):435–445 (2013).
  • Law, B.F., S. Stone, D. Frazer, and P.D. Siegel: Characterization of laboratory simulated road paving-like asphalt by high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 3(7:343–50 (2006).
  • Cavallari, J.M., L.M. Zwack, C.R. Lange, R.F. Herrick, and M.D. McClean: Temperature-dependent emission concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in paving and build-up roofing asphalts. Ann. Occup. Hyg. 56(2):148160 (2012).
  • Machado, M.L., P.W. Beatty, J.C. Fetzer, A.H. Glickman, amd E.L. McGinnis: Evaluation of the relationship between PAH content and mutagenic activity of fumes from roofing and paving asphalts and coal tar pitch. Fund Appl. Toxicol. 21:492–499 (1993).
  • McClean, M.D., R.D. Rinehart, L. Ngo, et al.: Inhalation and dermal exposure among asphalt paving workers. Ann. Occup. Hyg. 48(8):663–671 (2004).
  • Hicks, J.B.: Asphalt industry cross-sectional exposure assessment study. Appl. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 10(10):840–848 (1995).
  • Commission Regulation (EC) No. 552/2009: Amended Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH). Annex XVII [2009] . Official Journal of the European Union L 164/7.30.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.