RNA modifications act as regulators of cell death

References

• Dunn DB, Smith JD. Occurrence of a new base in the deoxyribonucleic acid of a strain of Bacterium coli. Nature. 1955;175(4451):336–337.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Littlefield JW, Dunn DB. Natural occurrence of thymine and three methylated adenine bases in several ribonucleic acids. Nature. 1958;181(4604):254–255.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boccaletto P, Machnicka MA, Purta E, et al. MODOMICS: a database of RNA modification pathways. 2017 update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018;46:D303–d307.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roundtree IA, Evans ME, Pan T, et al. RNA modifications in gene expression regulation. Cell. 2017;169(7):1187–1200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harcourt EM, Kietrys AM, Kool ET. Chemical and structural effects of base modifications in messenger RNA. Nature. 2017;541(7637):339–346.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ontiveros RJ, Stoute J, Liu KF. The chemical diversity of RNA modifications. Biochem J. 2019;476(8):1227–1245.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu F, Clark W, Luo G, et al. ALKBH1-Mediated tRNA demethylation regulates translation. Cell. 2016;167(3):816–828.e816.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang X, Liu Z, Yi J, et al. The tRNA methyltransferase NSun2 stabilizes p16INK4 mRNA by methylating the 3′-untranslated region of p16. Nat Commun. 2012;3(1):712.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sendinc E, Valle-Garcia D, Dhall A, et al. PCIF1 catalyzes m6Am mRNA methylation to regulate gene expression. Mol Cell. 2019;75(3):620–630.e629.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen Z, Qi M, Shen B, et al. Transfer RNA demethylase ALKBH3 promotes cancer progression via induction of tRNA-derived small RNAs. Nucleic Acids Res. 2019;47(5):2533–2545.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kerr JF, Wyllie AH, Currie AR. Apoptosis: a basic biological phenomenon with wide-ranging implications in tissue kinetics. Br J Cancer. 1972;26(4):239–257.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuchs Y, Steller H. Live to die another way: modes of programmed cell death and the signals emanating from dying cells. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2015;16(6):329–344.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galluzzi L, Maiuri MC, Vitale I, et al. Cell death modalities: classification and pathophysiological implications. Cell Death Differ. 2007;14(7):1237–1243.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castedo M, Perfettini J-L, Roumier T, et al. Cell death by mitotic catastrophe: a molecular definition. Oncogene. 2004;23(16):2825–2837.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fink SL, Cookson BT. Apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necrosis: mechanistic description of dead and dying eukaryotic cells. Infect Immun. 2005;73(4):1907–1916.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dixon SJ, Lemberg K, Lamprecht M, et al. Ferroptosis: an iron-dependent form of nonapoptotic cell death. Cell. 2012;149(5):1060–1072.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Overholtzer M, Mailleux AA, Mouneimne G, et al. A nonapoptotic cell death process, entosis, that occurs by cell-in-cell invasion. Cell. 2007;131(5):966–979.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frisch SM, Francis H. Disruption of epithelial cell-matrix interactions induces apoptosis. J Cell Biol. 1994;124(4):619–626.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guzmán EA. Regulated cell death signaling pathways and marine natural products that target them. Mar Drugs. 2019;17(2):76.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linder B, Grozhik AV, Olarerin-George AO, et al. Single-nucleotide-resolution mapping of m6A and m6Am throughout the transcriptome. Nat Methods. 2015;12(8):767–772.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu J, Chen M, Huang H, et al. Dynamic m6A modification regulates local translation of mRNA in axons. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018;46(3):1412–1423.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tang C, Klukovich R, Peng H, et al. ALKBH5-dependent m6A demethylation controls splicing and stability of long 3ʹ-UTR mRNAs in male germ cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 115, E325–E333, (2018).
   Google Scholar
• Yang D, Qiao J, Wang G, et al. N6-Methyladenosine modification of lincRNA 1281 is critically required for mESC differentiation potential. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018;46(8):3906–3920.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Y, Zhao JC. Update: mechanisms Underlying N(6)-Methyladenosine Modification of Eukaryotic mRNA. Trends Genet. 2016;32(12):763–773.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yue Y, Liu J, He C, et al. RNA N6-methyladenosine methylation in post-transcriptional gene expression regulation. Genes Dev. 2015;29(13):1343–1355.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koh CWQ, Goh YT, Goh WSS. Atlas of quantitative single-base-resolution N(6)-methyl-adenine methylomes. Nat Commun. 2019;10(1):5636.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mauer J, Sindelar M, Despic V, et al. FTO controls reversible m(6)Am RNA methylation during snRNA biogenesis. Nat Chem Biol. 2019;15(4):340–347.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akichika S, Hirano S, Shichino Y, et al. Cap-specific terminal N6-methylation of RNA by an RNA polymerase II–associated methyltransferase. Science. 2019;363(6423):eaav0080.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mauer J, Luo X, Blanjoie A, et al. Reversible methylation of m(6)A(m) in the 5ʹ cap controls mRNA stability. Nature. 2017;541(7637):371–375.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang C, Reversible JG. RNA Modification N(1)-methyladenosine (m(1)A) in mRNA and tRNA. Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics. 2018;16(3):155–161.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woo -H-H, Chambers SK. Human ALKBH3-induced m(1)A demethylation increases the CSF-1 mRNA stability in breast and ovarian cancer cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Gene Regul Mech. 2019;1862(1):35–46.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao Y, Zhao Q, Kaboli PJ, et al. m1A Regulated Genes Modulate PI3K/AKT/mTOR and ErbB Pathways in Gastrointestinal Cancer. Transl Oncol. 2019;12(10):1323–1333.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oerum S, Dégut C, Barraud P, et al. m1A Post-Transcriptional modification in tRNAs. Biomolecules. 2017;7(4):20.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dai X, Wang T, Gonzalez G, et al. Identification of YTH Domain-Containing proteins as the readers for N1-Methyladenosine in RNA. Anal Chem. 2018;90(11):6380–6384.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trixl L, Lusser A. The dynamic RNA modification 5-methylcytosine and its emerging role as an epitranscriptomic mark. Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA. 2019;10(1):e1510.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tuorto F, Liebers R, Musch T, et al. RNA cytosine methylation by Dnmt2 and NSun2 promotes tRNA stability and protein synthesis. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2012;19(9):900–905.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haag S, Sloan KE, Ranjan N, et al. NSUN3 and ABH1 modify the wobble position of mt-tRNA Met to expand codon recognition in mitochondrial translation. EMBO J. 2016;35(19):2104–2119.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li Q, Li X, Tang H, et al. NSUN2-Mediated m5C Methylation and METTL3/METTL14-Mediated m6A Methylation cooperatively enhance p21 translation. J Cell Biochem. 2017;118(9):2587–2598.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bohnsack KE, Hobartner C, Bohnsack MT. Eukaryotic 5-methylcytosine (m(5)C) RNA Methyltransferases: mechanisms, cellular functions, and links to disease. Genes (Basel). 2019;10(2):102.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen X, Li A, Sun B-F, et al. 5-methylcytosine promotes pathogenesis of bladder cancer through stabilizing mRNAs. Nat Cell Biol. 2019;21(8):978–990.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huber SM, Van Delft P, Mendil L, et al. Formation and abundance of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in RNA. Chembiochem. 2015;16(5):752–755.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delatte B, Wang F, Ngoc LV, et al. RNA biochemistry. Transcriptome-wide distribution and function of RNA hydroxymethylcytosine. Science. 2016;351(6270):282–285.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang W, Lan M-D, Qi C-B, et al. Formation and determination of the oxidation products of 5-methylcytosine in RNA. Chem Sci. 2016;7(8):5495–5502.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karikó K, Muramatsu H, Welsh FA, et al. Incorporation of pseudouridine into mRNA yields superior nonimmunogenic vector with increased translational capacity and biological stability. Mol Ther. 2008;16(11):1833–1840.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karijolich J, Yu Y-T. Converting nonsense codons into sense codons by targeted pseudouridylation. Nature. 2011;474(7351):395–398.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlile TM, Rojas-Duran MF, Zinshteyn B, et al. Pseudouridine profiling reveals regulated mRNA pseudouridylation in yeast and human cells. Nature. 2014;515(7525):143–146.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eisenberg E, Levanon EY. A-to-I RNA editing - immune protector and transcriptome diversifier. Nat Rev Genet. 2018;19(8):473–490.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Velazquez-Torres G, Shoshan E, Ivan C, et al. A-to-I miR-378a-3p editing can prevent melanoma progression via regulation of PARVA expression. Nat Commun. 2018;9(1):461.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paz-Yaacov N, Levanon EY, Nevo E, et al. Adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing shapes transcriptome diversity in primates. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 107, 12174–12179, (2010).
   Google Scholar
• Xiang J-F, Yang Q, Liu C-X, et al. N(6)-Methyladenosines modulate A-to-I RNA editing. Mol Cell. 2018;69(1):126–135.e126.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nishikura K. A-to-I editing of coding and non-coding RNAs by ADARs. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2016;17(2):83–96.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elmore S. Apoptosis: a review of programmed cell death. Toxicol Pathol. 2007;35(4):495–516.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pistritto G, Trisciuoglio D, Ceci C, et al. Apoptosis as anticancer mechanism: function and dysfunction of its modulators and targeted therapeutic strategies. Aging (Albany NY). 2016;8(4):603–619.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Green DR, Llambi F. Cell death signaling. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2015;7(12):a006080.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirkland JL, Tchkonia T. Cellular senescence: a translational perspective. EBioMedicine. 2017;21:21–28.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawamoto Y, Nakajima Y-I, Kuranaga E. Apoptosis in cellular society: communication between Apoptotic cells and their neighbors. Int J Mol Sci. 2016;17(12):2144.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deka B, Singh KK. Multifaceted regulation of gene expression by the Apoptosis- and Splicing-Associated protein complex and its components. Int J Biol Sci. 2017;13(5):545–560.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cao K, Tait SWG. Apoptosis and cancer: force awakens, phantom menace, or both? Int Rev Cell Mol Biol. 2018;337:135–152.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parzych KR, Klionsky DJ. An overview of autophagy: morphology, mechanism, and regulation. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2014;20(3):460–473.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ravanan P, Srikumar IF, Talwar P. Autophagy: the spotlight for cellular stress responses. Life Sci. 2017;188:53–67.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klionsky DJ, et al. Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition). Autophagy. 2016;12:1–222.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas M, Davis T, Loos B, et al. Autophagy is essential for the maintenance of amino acids and ATP levels during acute amino acid starvation in MDAMB231 cells. Cell Biochem Funct. 2018;36(2):65–79.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamamoto T, Takabatake Y, Kimura T, et al. Time-dependent dysregulation of autophagy: implications in aging and mitochondrial homeostasis in the kidney proximal tubule. Autophagy. 2016;12(5):801–813.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klionsky DJ, Abdalla FC, Abeliovich H, et al. Phosphorylated Presenilin 1 decreases β-amyloid by facilitating autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 114, 7148–7153, (2017).
   Google Scholar
• Wang R, Zhu Y, Zhao J, et al. Autophagy promotes replication of Influenza A virus in Vitro. J Virol. 2019;93(4):e01984–01918.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kunz JB, Schwarz H, Mayer A. Determination of four sequential stages during microautophagy in vitro. J Biol Chem. 2004;279(11):9987–9996.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li W-W, Li J, Bao J-K. Microautophagy: lesser-known self-eating. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2012;69(7):1125–1136.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uytterhoeven V, Lauwers E, Maes I, et al. Hsc70-4 deforms membranes to promote synaptic protein turnover by endosomal microautophagy. Neuron. 2015;88(4):735–748.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mejlvang J, Olsvik H, Svenning S, et al. Starvation induces rapid degradation of selective autophagy receptors by endosomal microautophagy. J Cell Biol. 2018;217(10):3640–3655.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Catarino S, Pereira P, Girão H. Molecular control of chaperone-mediated autophagy. Essays Biochem. 2017;61(6):663–674.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaushik S, Cuervo AM. The coming of age of chaperone-mediated autophagy. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2018;19(6):365–381.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaushik S, Cuervo AM. Degradation of lipid droplet-associated proteins by chaperone-mediated autophagy facilitates lipolysis. Nat Cell Biol. 2015;17(6):759–770.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider JL, Suh Y, Cuervo AM. Deficient chaperone-mediated autophagy in liver leads to metabolic dysregulation. Cell Metab. 2014;20(3):417–432.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu Z, Geng Y, Lu X, et al. Chaperone-mediated autophagy is involved in the execution of ferroptosis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 116, 2996–3005, (2019).
   Google Scholar
• D’Arcy MS. Cell death: a review of the major forms of apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy. Cell Biol Int. 2019;43(6):582–592.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu Y, Zhang J, Ma L, et al. The Pathogenesis of Necroptosis-Dependent signaling pathway in cerebral ischemic disease. Behav Neurol. 2018;2018:6814393.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu T, Ding W, Tariq MA, et al. Molecular mechanism and therapy application of necrosis during myocardial injury. J Cell Mol Med. 2018;22(5):2547–2557.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang S, Tang M-B, Luo H-Y, et al. Necroptosis in neurodegenerative diseases: a potential therapeutic target. Cell Death Dis. 2017;8(6):e2905.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonnet MC, Preukschat D, Welz P-S, et al. The adaptor protein FADD protects epidermal keratinocytes from necroptosis in vivo and prevents skin inflammation. Immunity. 2011;35(4):572–582.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mc Gee MM. Targeting the Mitotic Catastrophe signaling pathway in cancer. Mediators Inflamm. 2015;2015:146282.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kovacs SB, Miao EA. Gasdermins: effectors of Pyroptosis. Trends Cell Biol. 2017;27(9):673–684.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cao JY, Dixon SJ. Mechanisms of ferroptosis. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2016;73(11–12):2195–2209.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bröker LE, Kruyt FAE, Giaccone G. Cell death independent of caspases: a review. Clin Cancer Res. 2005;11(9):3155–3162.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krishna S, Overholtzer M. Mechanisms and consequences of entosis. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2016;73(11–12):2379–2386.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamann JC, Surcel A, Chen R, et al. Entosis is induced by glucose starvation. Cell Rep. 2017;20(1):201–210.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alanko J, Mai A, Jacquemet G, et al. Integrin endosomal signalling suppresses anoikis. Nat Cell Biol. 2015;17(11):1412–1421.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dominissini D, Moshitch-Moshkovitz S, Schwartz S, et al. Topology of the human and mouse m6A RNA methylomes revealed by m6A-seq. Nature. 2012;485(7397):201–206.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vu LP, Pickering BF, Cheng Y, et al. The N(6)-methyladenosine (m(6)A)-forming enzyme METTL3 controls myeloid differentiation of normal hematopoietic and leukemia cells. Nat Med. 2017;23(11):1369–1376.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cai J, Yang F, Zhan H, et al. RNA m(6)A Methyltransferase METTL3 Promotes the growth of prostate cancer by regulating Hedgehog pathway. Onco Targets Ther. 2019;12:9143–9152.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gu S, Sun D, Dai H, et al. N(6)-methyladenosine mediates the cellular proliferation and apoptosis via microRNAs in arsenite-transformed cells. Toxicol Lett. 2018;292:1–11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang J, Ishfaq M, Xu L, et al. METTL3/m(6)A/miRNA-873-5p attenuated oxidative stress and apoptosis in colistin-induced kidney injury by modulating Keap1/Nrf2 Pathway. Front Pharmacol. 2019;10:517.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang C-X, Cui G-S, Liu X, et al. METTL3-mediated m6A modification is required for cerebellar development. PLoS Biol. 2018;16(6):e2004880.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taketo K, Konno M, Asai A, et al. The epitranscriptome m6A writer METTL3 promotes chemo- and radioresistance in pancreatic cancer cells. Int J Oncol. 2018;52(2):621–629.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ping X-L, Sun B-F, Wang L, et al. Mammalian WTAP is a regulatory subunit of the RNA N6-methyladenosine methyltransferase. Cell Res. 2014;24(2):177–189.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen X, Yu C, Guo M, et al. Down-Regulation of m6A mRNA Methylation is involved in dopaminergic neuronal death. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2019;10(5):2355–2363.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang P, He Q, Lei Y, et al. m(6)A-mediated ZNF750 repression facilitates nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression. Cell Death Dis. 2018;9(12):1169.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li F, Zhang C, Zhang G. m6A RNA methylation controls proliferation of human Glioma cells by influencing cell apoptosis. Cytogenet Genome Res. 2019;159(3):119–125.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Su R, Dong L, Li C, et al. R-2HG Exhibits Anti-tumor Activity by Targeting FTO/m(6)A/MYC/CEBPA Signaling. Cell. 2018;172(1–2):90–105.e123.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li Z, Weng H, Su R, et al. FTO plays an oncogenic role in acute Myeloid Leukemia as a N(6)-Methyladenosine RNA Demethylase. Cancer Cell. 2017;31(1):127–141.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niu Y, Lin Z, Wan A, et al. RNA N6-methyladenosine demethylase FTO promotes breast tumor progression through inhibiting BNIP3. Mol Cancer. 2019;18(1):46.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ding C, Zou Q, Ding J, et al. Increased N6-methyladenosine causes infertility is associated with FTO expression. J Cell Physiol. 2018;233(9):7055–7066.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng G, Dahl J, Niu Y, et al. ALKBH5 is a mammalian RNA demethylase that impacts RNA metabolism and mouse fertility. Mol Cell. 2013;49(1):18–29.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu Z, Qian Q, Zhao X, et al. N(6)-methyladenosine ALKBH5 promotes non-small cell lung cancer progress by regulating TIMP3 stability. Gene. 2020;731:144348.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi L, Yang X-M, Tang -D-D, et al. Expression and significance of m1A transmethylase, hTrm6p/hTrm61p and its related gene hTrm6/hTrm61 in bladder urothelial carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res. 2015;5(7):2169–2179.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vicidomini R, Di Giovanni A, Petrizzo A, et al. Loss of Drosophila pseudouridine synthase triggers apoptosis-induced proliferation and promotes cell-nonautonomous EMT. Cell Death Dis. 2015;6(3):e1705.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tortoriello G, De Celis JF, Furia M. Linking pseudouridine synthases to growth, development and cell competition. FEBS J. 2010;277(15):3249–3263.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoon A, Peng G, Brandenburger Y, et al. Impaired control of IRES-mediated translation in X-linked dyskeratosis congenita. Science. 2006;312(5775):902–906.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jana S, Hsieh AC, Gupta R. Reciprocal amplification of caspase-3 activity by nuclear export of a putative human RNA-modifying protein, PUS10 during TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Cell Death Dis. 2017;8(10):e3093.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walkley CR, Kile BT. Cell death following the loss of ADAR1 mediated A-to-I RNA editing is not effected by the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Cell Death Dis. 2019;10(12):913.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Q, Miyakoda M, Yang W, et al. Stress-induced apoptosis associated with null mutation of ADAR1 RNA editing deaminase gene. J Biol Chem. 2004;279(6):4952–4961.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bajad P, Ebner F, Amman F, et al. An internal deletion of ADAR rescued by MAVS deficiency leads to a minute phenotype. Nucleic Acids Res. 2020;48(6):3286–3303. gkaa025.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen Y-B, Liao X-Y, Zhang J-B, et al. ADAR2 functions as a tumor suppressor via editing IGFBP7 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oncol. 2017;50(2):622–630.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu X, Wang Y, Mojumdar K, et al. A-to-I-edited miRNA-379-5p inhibits cancer cell proliferation through CD97-induced apoptosis. J Clin Invest. 2019;129(12):5343–5356.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toth AM, Li Z, Cattaneo R, et al. RNA-specific adenosine deaminase ADAR1 suppresses measles virus-induced apoptosis and activation of protein kinase PKR. J Biol Chem. 2009;284:29350–29356.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fumagalli D, Gacquer D, Rothé F, et al. Principles Governing A-to-I RNA Editing in the Breast Cancer Transcriptome. Cell Rep. 2015;13(2):277–289.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Larsen K, Kristensen KK, Momeni J, et al. A-to-I RNA editing of the IGFBP7 transcript increases during aging in porcine brain tissues. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2016;479(3):596–601.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akiel M, Guo C, Li X, et al. IGFBP7 Deletion Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancer Res. 2017;77(15):4014–4025.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song H, Feng X, Zhang H, et al. METTL3 and ALKBH5 oppositely regulate m6 A modification of TFEB mRNA, which dictates the fate of hypoxia/reoxygenation-treated cardiomyocytes. Autophagy. 2019;15(8):1419–1437.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao E, Czaja MJ, Groszmann RJ. Transcription factor EB: a central regulator of both the autophagosome and lysosome. Hepatology. 2012;55(5):1632–1634.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jin S, Zhang X, Miao Y, et al. m(6)A RNA modification controls autophagy through upregulating ULK1 protein abundance. Cell Res. 2018;28(9):955–957.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang X, Wu R, Liu Y, et al. m(6)A mRNA methylation controls autophagy and adipogenesis by targeting Atg5 and Atg7. Autophagy. 2019;1–15. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/15548627.2019.1659617.
   Google Scholar
• Li G, Song Y, Liao Z, et al. Bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells alleviate compression-induced apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells by N6 methyladenosine of autophagy. Cell Death Dis. 2020;11(2):103.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen Y, Wang J, Xu D, et al. m(6)A mRNA methylation regulates testosterone synthesis through modulating autophagy in Leydig cells. Autophagy. 2020;1–19. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/15548627.2020.1720431.
   Google Scholar
• Guo J, Wu Y, Du J, et al. Deregulation of UBE2C-mediated autophagy repression aggravates NSCLC progression. Oncogenesis. 2018;7(6):49.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horos R, Büscher M, Kleinendorst R, et al. The Small Non-coding Vault RNA1-1 Acts as a Riboregulator of Autophagy. Cell. 2019;176(5):1054–1067.e1012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hussain S, Sajini A, Blanco S, et al. NSun2-mediated cytosine-5 methylation of vault noncoding RNA determines its processing into regulatory small RNAs. Cell Rep. 2013;4(2):255–261.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lefterov I, Wolfe CM, Fitz NF, et al. APOE2 orchestrated differences in transcriptomic and lipidomic profiles of postmortem AD brain. Alzheimer’s Res Ther. 2019;11(1):113.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathiyalagan P, Adamiak M, Mayourian J, et al. FTO-Dependent N6-Methyladenosine Regulates Cardiac Function During Remodeling and Repair. Circulation. 2019;139(4):518–532.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richards RI, Samaraweera SE, Van Eyk CL, et al. RNA pathogenesis via Toll-like receptor-activated inflammation in expanded repeat neurodegenerative diseases. Front Mol Neurosci. 2013;6:25.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sase S, Takanohashi A, Vanderver A, et al. Astrocytes, an active player in Aicardi-Goutières syndrome. Brain Pathol. 2018;28(3):399–407.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li X, Xiong X, Zhang M, et al. Base-Resolution Mapping Reveals Distinct m(1)A Methylome in Nuclear- and Mitochondrial-Encoded transcripts. Mol Cell. 2017;68(5):993–1005.e1009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khoddami V, Yerra A, Mosbruger TL, et al. Transcriptome-wide profiling of multiple RNA modifications simultaneously at single-base resolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 116, 6784–6789, (2019).
   Google Scholar
• Zhang J, Wang P, Wan L, et al. The emergence of noncoding RNAs as Heracles in autophagy. Autophagy. 2017;13(6):1004–1024.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coker H, Wei G, Brockdorff N. m6A modification of non-coding RNA and the control of mammalian gene expression. Biochim Biophys Acta Gene Regul Mech. 2019;1862(3):310–318.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Villanova L, Careccia S, De Maria R, et al. Micro-Economics of Apoptosis in Cancer: ncRNAs modulation of BCL-2 family members. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19(4):958.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiong X, Li X, Yi C. N(1)-methyladenosine methylome in messenger RNA and non-coding RNA. Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2018;45:179–186.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engel M, Eggert C, Kaplick PM, et al. The Role of m(6)A/m-RNA Methylation in stress response regulation. Neuron. 2018;99(2):389–403.e389.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korbelik M. Role of cell stress signaling networks in cancer cell death and antitumor immune response following proteotoxic injury inflicted by photodynamic therapy. Lasers Surg Med. 2018;50(5):491–498.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryoo HD. Long and short (timeframe) of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced cell death. FEBS J. 2016;283(20):3718–3722.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar