Characterization of the Action of Drug-Induced Stress Responses on the Immune System: Evaluation of Biomarkers for Drug-Induced Stress in Rats

REFERENCES

• De Boer S. F., Van Der Gugten J., Slangen J. L. Effects of chlordiazepoxide, flumazenil, and DMCM on plasma catecholamine and corticosterone concentrations in rats. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 1991; 38: 13–19
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dhabhar F. S., McEwen B. S., Spencer R. L. Adaptation to prolonged or repeated stress—comparison between rat strains showing intrinsic differences in reactivity to acute stress. Neuroendocrinology 1997; 65: 360–368
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dhabhar F. S., Satoskar A. R., Bluethmann H., David J. R., McEwen B. S. Stress-induced enhancement of skin immune function: A role for gamma interferon. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2000; 97: 2846–2851
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engler H., Dawils L., Hoves S., Kurth S., Stevenson J. R., Schauenstein K., Stefanski V. Effects of social stress on blood leukocyte distribution: The role of alpha- and beta-adrenergic mechanisms. J. Neuroimmunol. 2004; 156: 153–162
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Finn D. A., Bejanian M., Jones B. L., Syapin P. J., Alkana R. L. Temperature affects ethanol lethality in C57BL/6, 129, LS, and SS mice. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 1989; 34: 375–380
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fuchs B. A., Pruett S. B. Morphine induces apoptosis in murine thymocytes in vivo but not in vitro: Involvement of both opiate and glucocorticoid receptors. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1993; 266: 417–423
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han Y. C., Pruett S. B. Mechanisms of ethanol-induced suppression of a primary antibody response in a mouse model for binge drinking. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1995; 275: 950–957
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han Y. C., Lin T. L., Pruett S. B. Thymic atrophy caused by ethanol in a mouse model for binge drinking: Involvement of endogenous glucocorticoids. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 1993; 123: 16–25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hebert P., Pruett S. B. Selective loss of viability of mouse NK cells in culture is associated with decreased NK cell lytic function. In Vitro Molec. Toxicol. 2001; 14: 71–82
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hillbom M. E., Sarviharju M. S., Lindros K. O. Potentiation of ethanol toxicity by cyanamide in relation to acetaldehyde accumulation. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 1983; 70: 133–139
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jerrells T. R., Marietta C. A., Weight F. F., Eckardt M. J. Effect of adrenalectomy on ethanol-associated immunosuppression. Int. J. Immunopharmacol. 1990; 12: 435–442
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Myers L. P., Fan R., Zhen Q., Pruett S. B. Sodium methyldithiocarbamate causes thymic atrophy by an indirect mechanism of corticosterone upregulation. J. Immunotoxicol. 2005; 2: 97–106
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pruett S. B., Collier S., Wu W. J., Fan R. Quantitative relationships between the supression of selected immunological parameters and the area under the corticosterone concentration vs. time curve in B6C3F1 mice subjected to exogenous corticosterone or to restraint stress. Toxicol. Sci. 1999; 49: 272–280
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pruett S. B., Fan R. Quantitative modeling of suppression of IgG1, IgG2a, IL-2, and IL-4 responses to antigen in mice treated with exogenous corticosterone or restraint stress. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 2000; 62: 175–189
   Google Scholar
• Pruett S. B., Fan R., Myers L. P., Wu W. J., Collier S. D. Quantitative analysis of the neuroendocrine-immune axis: Linear modeling of the effects of exogenous corticosterone and restraint stress on lymphocyte subpopulations in the spleen and thymus in female B6C3F1 mice. Brain Behav. Immun. 2000a; 14: 270–287
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pruett S. B., Fan R., Zheng Q., Myers L. P., Hebert P. Modeling and predicting immunological effects of chemical stressors: Characterization of a quantitative biomarker for immunological changes caused by atrazine and ethanol. Toxicol. Sci. 2003; 75: 343–354
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pruett S. B., Fan R., Zheng Q., Myers L. P., Hébert P. Modeling and predicting selected immunological effects of a chemical stressor (3,4 dichloropropionanalide) using the area under the corticosterone concentration vs. time curve. Toxicol. Sci. 2000b; 58: 77–87
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pruett S. B., Padgett E. L. Thymus-derived glucocorticoids are insufficient for normal thymus homeostasis in the adult mouse. BMC Immunol. 2004; 5: 24
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Reid S. A., Speedy D. B., Thompson J. M., Noakes T. D., Mulligan G., Page T., Campbell R. G., Milne C. Study of hematological and biochemical parameters in runners completing a standard marathon. Clin. J. Sport Med. 2004; 14: 344–353
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwab C. L., Fan R., Zheng Q., Myers L. P., Hebert P., Pruett S. B. Modeling and predicting stress-induced immunosuppression in mice using blood parameters. Toxicol. Sci. 2005; 83: 101–113
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiss P. A., Collier S. D., Pruett S. B. Role of glucocorticoids in ethanol-induced decreases in expression of MHC Class II molecules on B-cells and selective decreases in spleen cell number. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 1996; 139: 153–162
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar