Publication Cover
LEUKOS
The Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society
Volume 19, 2023 - Issue 1
330
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Effect of Correlated Color Temperature and S/P-ratio of LED Light Sources on Reaction Time in Off-axis Vision and Mesopic Lighting Levels

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, , , & ORCID Icon
Pages 4-15 | Received 22 Dec 2020, Accepted 17 Aug 2021, Published online: 05 Oct 2021

References

  • Akashi Y, Rea M. 2002. Peripheral detection while driving under a mesopic light level. J Illum Eng Soc. 31(1):85–89.
  • Barlow HB. 1958. Temporal and spatial summation in human vision at different background intensities. J Physiol. 141(2):337–350.
  • Berman SM. 1992. Energy efficiency consequences of scotopic sensitivity. J Illum Eng Soc. 21(1):3–14.
  • Breitmeyer BG. 1975. Simple reaction time as a measure of the temporal response properties of transient and sustained channels. Vision Res. 15(12):1411–1412.
  • Bullough JD, Rea MS. 2000. Simulated driving performance and peripheral detection at mesopic and low photopic light levels. Light Res Technol. 32(4):194–198.
  • Cao D, Zele AJ, Pokorny J. 2007. Linking impulse response functions to reaction time: rod and cone reaction time data and a computational model. Vision Res. 47(8):1060–1074.
  • Cengiz C, Maksimainen M, Puolakka M, Halonen L. 2015. Contrast threshold measurements of peripheral targets in night-time driving images. Light Res Technol. 8(4):1–11.
  • Cengiz C, Puolakka M, Halonen L. 2014. Reaction time measurements under mesopic light levels: towards estimation of the visual adaptation field. Light Res Technol. 47(7):1–17.
  • Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage. 1992. Road lighting as an accident countermeasure. Vienna (Austria): CIE Publication. p. 093.
  • Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage. 2018. International lighting vocabulary. Vienna (Austria): CIE Publication. p. 17–258.
  • Commission Internationale de l’Éclairage. 2010. Recommended system for mesopic photometry based on visual performance. Vienna (Austria): CIE Publication. p. 191.
  • Dong L, Qin L, Xu W, Zhang L. 2017. The impact of LED correlated color temperature on visual performance under mesopic conditions. IEEE Photonics J. 9(6):1–16.
  • Fotios S, Cheal C, Fox S, Uttley J. 2018. The effect of fog on detection of driving hazards after dark. Light Res Technol. 50(7):1024–1044.
  • Fotios S, Yao Q. 2018. The association between correlated colour temperature and scotopic/photopic ratio. Light Res Technol. 51(5):803–813.
  • Franchak JM, Adolph KE. 2010. Visually guided navigation: head-mounted eye-tracking of natural locomotion in children and adults. Vision Res. 50(24):2766–2774.
  • Freiding A, Eloholma J, Ketomäki J, Halonen L, Walkey H, Goodman T, Alferdinck J, Várady G, Bodrogi P. 2007. Mesopic visual efficiency I: detection threshold measurements. Light Res Technol. 39(4):319–334.
  • Gray R, Hill W, Neuman B, Houtman D, Potvin R. 2012. Effects of a blue light-filtering intraocular lens on driving safety in glare conditions. J Cataract Refract Surg. 38(5):816–822.
  • He Y, Bierman A, Rea M. 1998. A system of mesopic photometry. Light Res Technol. 30(4):175–181.
  • He Y, Rea M, Bierman A, Bullough J. 1997. Evaluating light source efficacy under mesopic conditions using reaction times. J Illum Eng Soc. 26(1):125–138.
  • Holmes NP, Plainis S, Murray IJ. 2000. Reaction time as a behavioural measure of low and contrast gain; comparison of high luminance levels and different eccentricities. Perception. 29:78.
  • Jin H, Jin S, Chen L, Cen S, Yuan K. 2015. Research on the lighting performance of LED street lights with different color temperatures. IEEE Photonics J. 7(6):1601309.
  • Kurylo DD, Chung C, Yeturo S, Lanza J. 2015. Effects of contrast, spatial frequency, and stimulus duration on reaction time in rats. Vision Res. 106:20–26.
  • Lee BB, Smith VC, Pokorny J, Kremers J. 1997. Rod inputs to macaque ganglion cells. Vision Res. 37(20):2813–2828.
  • Lee J, Stromeyer CF. 1989. Contribution of human short-wave cones to luminance and motion detection. J Physiol. 413(1):563–593.
  • Lewis AL. 1999. Visual performance as a function of spectral power distribution at luminances used for general outdoor lighting. Illum Eng Soc. 28(1):37–42.
  • Li X, Jin S-Z, Wang L, Wang Y-H. 2011. Effect of different color temperature LED sources on road illumination under mesopic vision. J Optoelectron Laser. 22(7):997–999.
  • Marigold DS, Weeresteyn V, Patla AE, Duysens J. 2007. Keep looking ahead? Re-direction of visual fixation does not always occur during an unpredictable obstacle avoidance task. Exp Brain Res. 176(1):32–42.
  • Murray IJ, Plainis S. 2003. Contrast coding and magno/parvo segregation revealed in reaction time studies. Vision Res. 43(25):2707–2719.
  • Osterberg G. 1935. Topography of the layer of rod and cones in the human retina. Acta Ophthalmol. 6:1–103.
  • Pins D, Bonnet C 2000. Piéron function in the threshold región. Percept Psychophysics. 62(1):127–136.
  • Plainis S, Murray IJ. 2000. Neurophysiological interpretation of human visual reaction times: effect of contrast, spatial frequency and luminance. Neuropsychologia. 38(12):1555–1564.
  • Plainis S, Murray IJ. 2002. Reaction times as an index of visual conspicuity when driving at night. Opthalmic Physiol Opt. 22(5):409–415.
  • Purpura K, Kaplan E, Shapley RM. 1988. Background light and the contrast gain of primate P and M retinal ganglion cells. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA. 85(12):4534–4537.
  • Rea MS. 2000. IESNA. Lighting handbook reference and application. New York (NY): Illuminating Engineering Society of North America.
  • Rea MS, Bullough JD, Freyssinier-Nova JP, Bierman A. 2004. A proposed unified system of photometry. Light Res Technol. 36(2):85–111.
  • Shapiro AG, Pokorny J, Smith VC. 1996. Cone-rod receptor spaces with illustrations that use CRT phosphor and light-emitting-diode spectra. J Opt Soc Am A. 13(12):2319–2328.
  • Simons RH. 1992. Road lighting and accidents. Lightec ’92. Essex (UK): Houldershaw Ltd. p. 54–57.
  • Smith VC, Pokorny J. 1975. Spectral sensitivity of the foveal cone photopigments between 400 and 500 nm. Vision Res. 15(2):161–171.
  • Uttley J, Fotios S, Cheal C. 2017. Effect of illuminance and spectrum on peripheral obstacle detection by pedestrians. Light Res Technol. 49(2):211–227.
  • van de Kraats J, van Norren D. 2007. Optical density of the aging human ocular media in the visible and the UV. J Opt Soc Am A. 24(7):1842–1857.
  • Várady G, Bodrogi P. 2006. Mesopic contrast sensitivity functions based on visibility and recognition contrast thresholds. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 26(3):246–253.
  • Vicente EG, Arranz I, Galarreta D, Barrionuevo P, Rodríguez-Rosa M, Mar S, Aparicio JA, Matesanz BM. 2020. Effect of different spectral power distributions on mesopic visual performance with blue light-filtering intraocular lens. LEUKOS. 17(1):59–74. published online.
  • Vicente EG, Arranz I, Issolio E, Matesanz BM, Gloriani AH, Menéndez JA, Rodríguez-Rosa M, Silva B, Colombo E, Mar S, et al. 2019. Influence of age and spectral power distribution on mesopic visual sensitivity. Atten Percept Psychophys. 81(2):504–516.
  • Viikari M, Ekrias A, Eloholma M, Halonen L. 2008. Modeling spectral sensitivity at low light levels base don mesopic visual performance. Clin Ophthalmol. 2(1):173–185.
  • Walkey H, Orreveteläinen P, Barbur J, Halonen L, Goodman T, Alferdinck J, Freiding A, Szalmás A. 2007. Mesopic visual efficiency II: reaction time experiments. Light Res Technol. 39(4):335–354.
  • Walkey HC, Harlow JA, Barbur JL. 2006. Characterising mesopic spectral sensitivity from reaction times. Vision Res. 46(25):4232–4243.
  • Watson AB, Yellott JI. 2012. A unified formula for light-adapted pupil size. J Vision. 10:1–16.
  • Wood JM. 2020. Nighttime driving: visual, lighting and visibility challenges. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 40(2):187–201.
  • Ylinen A-M, Tähkämö L, Puolakka M, Halonen L. 2011. Road lighting quality, energy efficeincy, and mesopic design – LED street lighting case study. LEUKOS. 8(1):9–24.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.