1,424
Views
40
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
INTERSECTION OF OLDER GLBT HEALTH ISSUES

Graceful Exits: Intersection of Aging, Transgender Identities, and the Family/Community

Pages 35-61 | Published online: 10 Feb 2009

REFERENCES

  • Adams , R. G. and Blieszner , R. 1995 . Aging well with family and friends . American Behavioral Scientist , 39 : 209 – 224 .
  • Aday , R. H. 1994 . Aging in prison: A case study of new elderly offenders . International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comprehensive Criminology , 38 : 79 – 91 .
  • American Psychiatric Association (APA) . 2000 . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, , (4th ed.) , DSM-IV-TR Washington, DC : Author .
  • Auerbach , J. 2008 . Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender public health: Progress and challenges . American Journal of Public Health , 98 : 970
  • Ball , M. M. , Perkins , M. M. , Whittington , F. J. , Connell , B. R. , Hollingsworth , C. , King , S. V. , Elrod , C. L. and Combs , B. L. 2004 . Managing decline in assisted living: The key to aging in place . Journal of Gerontology Series B Psychology and Social Sciences , 59 : 202 – 212 .
  • Barker , J. C. 2002 . Neighbors, friends, and other nonkin caregivers of community-living dependent elders . Journal of Gerontology Social Sciences , 57B ( 3 ) : 158 – 167 .
  • Belongia , L. and Witten , T. M. 2006 . “ We don't have that kind of client here: Institutionalized bias against and resistance to transgender and intersex aging research and training in elder care facilities ” . Retrieved from http://www.transcience.org
  • Bengtsson , T. and Lindstrom , M. 2000 . Childhood misery and disease in later life: The effects on mortality in old age of hazards experienced in early life, southern Sweden, 1760–1894 . Population Studies , 54 : 263 – 277 .
  • Bennett , M. , Smith , E. , Victor , C. R. and Millard , P. H. 2000 . The right person? The right place? The right time? A pilot study of appropriateness of nursing home placements . Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics , 31 ( 11 ) : 55 – 64 .
  • Bloom , D. E. and Canning , D. 2007 . “ Mortality traps and the dynamics of health transitions ” . In Proceedings of the National Academy of Science Vol. 104 , 16044 – 16049 .
  • Bockting , W. O. , Rosser , S. and Coleman , E. 1999 . Transgender HIV prevention: Community involvement and empowerment . International Journal of Transgender , 3 ( 1/2 ) Retrieved from http://symposion.com/ijt/hiv_risk/bockting.htm
  • Boenke , M. , Lev , A. and Xavier , J. 2003 . TransForming families: Real stories about transgender loved ones, , (2nd ed.) , Imperial Beach, CA : Walter Trook Publishing Co. .
  • Bongaarts , J. and Zimmer , Z. 2002 . Living arrangements of older adults in the developing world: An analysis of demographic and health survey household surveys . Journal of Gerontology Social Sciences , 57B ( 3 ) : 145 – 157 .
  • Boynton , P. 2004 . Real life: My mum is my dad . British Medical Journal , 329 : 356
  • Butler , J. 2006 . Gender trouble , New York : Routledge .
  • Cahill , S. , South , K. and Spade , J. 2000 . Outing aging: Report of the NGLTF Task Force on Aging , Washington, DC : NGLTF . Available at http://www.ngltf.org
  • Calasanti , T. 2004 . Feminist gerontology and old men . Journal of Gerontology Series B Psychology and Social Sciences , 59 ( 6 ) : 305 – 314 .
  • Chapin , R. and Dobbs-Kepper , D. 2001 . Aging in place assisted living: Philosophy versus policy . The Gerontologist , 41 : 43
  • Chappell , N. L. 1983 . Informal support networks among the elderly . Research on Aging , 5 : 77 – 99 .
  • Cook-Daniels , L. 1995 . “ Lesbian, gay male, and transgender elder abuse ” . Retrieved from http://www.amboyz.org/articles/elderabuse.html
  • Cooney , T. M. and Dunne , K. 2001 . Intimate relationships in later life: Current realities, future prospects . Journal of Family Issues , 22 ( 7 ) : 838 – 858 .
  • Coupland , J. 2007 . Gendered discourses on the “problem” of ageing: Consumerized solutions . Discourse & Communication , 1 : 37 – 61 .
  • Courts , N. F. , Barba , R. E. and Tesh , A. 2001 . Family caregivers' attitudes toward aging, care giving and nursing home placement . Journal of Gerontological Nursing , 27 ( 8 ) : 44 – 52 .
  • Cutler , N. E. and Bengtson , V. L. 1974 . Age and political alienation: Maturation, generation, and period effects . Annals of the American Academy of Political & Social Science , 415 ( 2 ) : 160 – 175 .
  • Dean , A. , Kolody , B. , Wood , P. and Matt , G. E. 1992 . The influence of living alone on depression in elderly persons . Journal of Aging and Health , 4 ( 1 ) : 3 – 18 .
  • Earth , B. 2006 . Diversifying gender: Male to female transgender identities and HIV/AIDS programming in Phnom Penh, Cambodia . Gender and Development , 14 ( 2 ) : 259 – 271 .
  • Evans , G. W. , Kantrowitz , E. and Eshelman , P. 2002 . Housing quality and psychological well-being among the elderly population . Journal of Gerontology Series B Psychology and Social Sciences , 57 : 381
  • Everard , K. M. , Lach , H. W. , Fisher , E. B. and Baum , M. C. 2000 . Relationship of activity and social support to the functional health of older adults . Journal of Gerontology , 55B ( 4 ) : 208 – 212 .
  • Fernández-Ballesteros , R. F. 2002 . Social support and quality of life among older people in Spain . Journal of Social Issues , 58 ( 4 ) : 645 – 659 .
  • Finkel , D. , Reynolds , C. A. , McArdle , J. J. and Pedersen , N. L. 2007 . Cohort differences in trajectories of cognitive aging . Journal of Gerontology Series B Psychology and Social Sciences , 62 : 286 – 294 .
  • Gay and Lesbian Medical Assocation (GLMA) . 2000 . Healthy people 2010: Companion documents for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (GLBT) health Retrieved from http://www.glma.org/
  • Gilleard , C. , Hyde , M. and Higgs , P. 2007 . The impact of age, place, aging in place and attachment to place on the well-being of the over 50s in England . Research on Aging , 29 : 590 – 605 .
  • Goodnow , C. 2000a . A tragically maimed boy, raised as a girl, comes to terms with his identity . Seattle Post-Intelligencer , 13 March
  • Goodnow , C. 2000b . Task force is studying effects of cross-gender surgery on kids . Seattle Post-Intelligencer , 13 March
  • Gornick , M. E. 2007 . Assessing race, ethnicity, and gender in health . New England Journal of Medicine , 356 : 1279 – 1280 .
  • Grant , A. M. 2001 . Health of socially excluded groups: Lessons must be applied . British Medical Journal , 323 : 1071
  • Greenberg , J. A. 1998 . Defining male and female: Intersexuality and the collision between law and biology . Arizona Law Review , 41 ( 2 ) : 265 – 328 .
  • Grossman , A. H. , D'Augelli , A. R. and Hershberger , S. L. 2000 . Social support networks of lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults 60 years of age and older . Journal of Gerontology , 55B ( 3 ) : 171 – 179 .
  • Guberman , N. , Lavole , J. P. , Fournier , M. , Grenier , L. , Gagnon , E. , Belleau , H. and Vezina , A. 2006 . Families' values and attitudes regarding responsibility for the frail elderly: implications for aging policy . Journal of Aging and Social Policy , 18 ( 3/4 ) : 59 – 78 .
  • Harrison , C. 2008 . Real men do wear mascara: Advertising discourse and masculine identity . Critical Discourse Studies , 5 ( 1 ) : 55 – 74 .
  • Heintz , A. J. and Melendez , R. M. 2006 . Intimate partner violence and HIV/STD risk among lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender individuals . Journal of Interpersonal Violence , 21 : 193 – 208 .
  • Heller , T. , Caldwell , J. and Factor , A. 2007 . Aging family caregivers: Policies and practices . Mental Retardation Development and Disability Research Review , 13 ( 2 ) : 136 – 142 .
  • Hellström , U. W. and Sarvimaki , A. 2007 . Experiences of self-determination by older persons living in sheltered housing . Nursing Ethics , 14 : 413 – 424 .
  • Hines , S. 2007 . Transgendering care: Practices of care within transgender communities . Critical Social Policy , 27 : 353 – 357 .
  • Holtzman , R. E. , Rebok , G. W. , Saczynski , J. S. , Kouzis , A. C. , Doyle , K. W. and Eaton , W. W. 2004 . Social network characteristics and cognition in middle-aged and older adults . Journal of Gerontological Psychological Sciences , 59B ( 6 ) : 278 – 284 .
  • Human Rights Watch . May 18 2006 . “ Nepal: “Sexual Cleansing” Drive Continues—New Arrests of Transgender People/HIV Workers ” . May 18 , Retrieved October 11, 2007, from http://hrw.org/english/docs/2006/03/17/nepal13020.htm
  • Intersex Society of North America (ISNA) . 2007 . Retrieved October 10, 2007, from http://www.isna.org/
  • Jacobs , S-E. , Thomas , W. and Lang , S. , eds. 1997 . Two-spirit people: Native American gender identity, sexuality, and spirituality , Urbana, IL : University of Illinois Press .
  • Kelley-Gillespie , N. and Farley , O. W. 2007 . The effect of housing on perceptions of quality of life of older adults participating in a Medicaid long-term care demonstration project . Journal of Gerontological Social Work , 49 ( 3 ) : 205 – 228 .
  • Kenagy , G. P. 2005 . Transgender health: Findings from two needs assessment studies in Philadelphia . Health & Social Work , 30 ( 1 ) : 19 – 26 .
  • Kidd , J. and Witten , T. M. 2007a . Transgender and transexual identities: The next strange fruit—hate crimes, violence and genocide against trans-communities . Journal of Hate Studies , 6 ( 1 ) : 31 – 63 .
  • Kidd , J. and Witten , T. M. 2007b . Assessing spirituality, religiosity and faith in the transgender community: A case study in violence and abuse—implications for the aging transgender community and for gerontological research . Journal of Religious Gerontology , 20 ( 1–2 ) : 29 – 62 .
  • Kidd , J. D. and Witten , T. M. 2008a . Transgender and transsexual identities: The next strange fruit: Hate crimes, violence, and genocide against trans-communities . Journal of Hate Studies , 6 ( 1 ) : 31 – 63 .
  • Kidd , J. D. and Witten , T. M. 2008b . Understanding spirituality and religiosity in the transgender community: Implications for aging . Journal of Religion, Spirituality & Aging , 20 ( 1/2 ) : 29 – 62 .
  • Kim , J. E. and Moen , P. 2002 . Retirement transitions, gender, and psychological well-being: A life-course, ecological model . Journal of Gerontology Psychological Sciences , 57B ( 3 ) : 212 – 222 .
  • Kraaij , V. , Arensman , E. and Spinhoven , P. 2002 . Negative life events and depression in elderly persons: A meta-analysis . Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, , 57B ( 1 ) : 87 – 94 .
  • Kramer , C. H. 1994 . Stress and coping of family members responsible for nursing home placement . Research in Nursing & Health , 17 ( 2 ) : 89 – 98 .
  • Krieger , N. 2003 . Genders, sexes, and health: What are the connections—and why does it matter? . International Journal of Epidemiology , 32 : 652 – 657 .
  • Kubzansky , L. D. , Berkman , L. F. and Seeman , T. E. 2000 . Social conditions and distress in elderly persons: Findings from the MacArthur studies of successful aging . Journal of Gerontology , 55B ( 4 ) : 238 – 246 .
  • Kulick , D. 1998a . Fe/male trouble: The unsettling place of lesbians in the self-images of Brazilian transvestite prostitutes . Sexualities , 1 : 299 – 312 .
  • Kulick , D. 1998b . Transgender in Latin America: Persons, practices and meanings . Sexualities , 8 : 259 – 260 .
  • Lancaster , R. N. 1998 . Transgenderism in Latin America: Some critical introductory remarks on identities and practices . Sexualities , 1 : 261 – 274 .
  • Lee , G. R. 1987 . Social interaction, loneliness, and emotional well-being among the elderly . Research on Aging , 9 ( 4 ) : 459 – 482 .
  • Linder , J. F. and Meyers , F. J. 2007 . Palliative care for prison inmates: “Don't let me die in prison.” . Journal of the American Medical Association , 298 : 894 – 901 .
  • Lombardi , E. L. , Wilchins , R. A. , Priesing , D. and Malouf , D. 2001 . Gender violence: Transgender experiences with violence and discrimination . Journal of Homosexuality , 42 ( 1 ) : 89 – 101 .
  • Los Angeles County Commission on Human Relations (LACCHR) . 2006 . 2005 hate crime report , Los Angeles : Author .
  • Manfredi , R. 2002 . HIV disease and advanced age: An increasing therapeutic challenge . Drugs & Aging , 19 ( 9 ) : 647 – 669 .
  • Mara , C. 2002 . Expansion of long-term care in the prison systems: An aging inmate population poses policy and programmatic questions . Journal of Aging and Social Policy , 14 ( 2 ) : 43 – 61 .
  • McGhee , D. 2003 . Joined-up government, “community safety,” and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender “active citizens.” . Critical Social Policy , 23 : 245 – 274 .
  • Melendez , R. M. , Exner , T. A. , Erhart , A. A. Dodge , B. 2006 . Health and health care among male-to-female transgender persons who are HIV positive . American Journal of Public Health , 96 ( 6 ) : 1034 – 1037 .
  • Mirowsky , J. and Kim , J. 2007 . Graphing age trajectories: Vector graphs, synthetic and virtual cohort projects, and virtual cohort projects, and cross-sectional profiles of depression . Sociological Methods Research , 35 ( 4 ) : 497 – 541 .
  • Mukasa , J. V. 2006 . “ On transgender human rights issues in Africa ” . Retrieved October 1, 2007, from http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/38727
  • National Coalition of Anti-Violence Programs . 2005 . Anti-lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender violence in 2004 Retrieved October 10, 2007, from http://www.ncavp.org
  • Nemoto , T. , Operario , D. , Keatley , J. and Villegas , D. 2004 . Social context of HIV risk behaviours among male-to-female transgenders of colour . AIDS Care , 16 ( 6 ) : 724 – 735 .
  • Perlmutter , D. and Sperber , J. 2001 . Addressing the needs of GLBT seniors: Focus group findings , Boston : JSI Research and Training Institute, Inc. .
  • Pinquart , M. 2003 . Loneliness in married, widowed, divorced, and never-married older adults . Journal of Social and Personal Relationships , 20 ( 1 ) : 31 – 53 .
  • Rautio , N. , Heikkinen , E. and Heikkinen , R-L. 2001 . The association of socio-economic factors with physical and mental capacity in elderly men and women . Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics , 33 : 163 – 178 .
  • Ryan , A. 2002 . Transitions in care: Family carer's experiences of nursing home placement . Nursing Times Research , 7 : 324 – 334 .
  • Sabia , J. J. 2008 . There's no place like home: A hazard model analysis of aging in place among older homeowners in the PSID . Research on Aging , 30 : 3 – 35 .
  • Seeman , T. E. , Kaplan , G. A. , Knudsen , L. , Cohen , R. and Guralnik , J. 1987 . Social network ties and mortality among the elderly in the Alameda county study . American Journal of Epidemiology , 126 ( 4 ) : 714 – 723 .
  • Settersen , R. A. 2006 . When nations call: How wartime military service matters for the lifecourse and aging . Research on Aging , 28 ( 1 ) : 12 – 36 .
  • Shankle , M. D. , Maxwell , C. A. , Katzman , E. S. and Landers , S. 2003 . An invisible population: Older lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender individuals . Clinical and Regulator Affairs , 20 ( 2 ) : 159 – 182 .
  • Singh-Manoux , A. , Ferrie , J. E. , Chandola , T. and Marmot , M. 2004 . Socioeconomic trajectories across the life course and health outcomes in midlife: Evidence for the accumulation hypothesis? . International Journal of Epidemiology , 3 : 1072 – 1079 .
  • Smith , G. C. 1998 . Residential separation and patterns of interaction between elderly parents and their adult children . Progress in Human Geography , 22 ( 3 ) : 368 – 384 .
  • Starks , S. H. and Hughey , A. W. 2003 . African American women at midlife: The relationship between spirituality and life satisfaction . Affilia , 18 : 133 – 147 .
  • Taylor , J. K. 2007 . Transgender identities and public policy in the United States: The relevance for public administration . Administration Society , 39 : 833 – 856 .
  • Teh , Y. K. 2001 . Mak nyahs (male transsexuals) in Malaysia: The influence of culture and religion on their identity . International Journal of Transgender , 5 ( 3 ) Retrieved from http://www.symposion.com/ijt/ijtvo05no03_04.htm
  • Thompson , E. H. 2008 . Do we intend to keep this closeted? . The Gerontologist , 48 ( 1 ) : 130 – 132 .
  • TranScience Longitudinal Aging Research Study (TLARS) . 2007 . Retrieved February 29, 2008, from http://www.transcience.org/
  • Tse , M. M. 2007 . Nursing home placement: Perspectives of community-dwelling older persons . Journal of Clinical Nursing , 16 ( 5 ) : 911 – 917 .
  • Velkoff , V. A. and Kinsella , K. 1998 . Gender stereotypes: Data needs for ageing research . Aging International , 24 ( 4 ) : 18 – 38 .
  • Virginia Transgender Health Initiative Study (VTHIS) . 2007 . Retrieved March 7, 2007, from http://www.vdh.virginia.gov/epidemiology/DiseasePrevention/documents/pdf/THISFINALREPORTVol1.pdf
  • Whipple , B. and Scoura , W. K. 1989 . HIV and the older adult . Journal of Gerontological Nursing , 15 : 15 – 18 .
  • Whittle , S. . The aging trans-person . Paper presented at the World Professional Association for Transgender Health . Chicago, IL.
  • Wilson , M. 2002 . “I am the prince of pain, for I am a princess in the brain”: Liminal transgender identities, narratives, and the elimination of ambiguities . Sexualities , 5 : 425 – 448 .
  • Winter , S. 2006 . “ Language and identity in transgender gender wars and the Thai kathoey ” . In Everyday struggles in language, culture, and education: Problematizing identity , Edited by: Lin , A. Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum .
  • Witten , T. M. 2002 . Geriatric care and management issues for the transgender and intersex populations . Geriatric Care and Management Journal , 12 ( 3 ) : 20 – 24 .
  • Witten , T. M. 2003 . Transgender aging: An emerging population and an emerging need . Review Sexologies , 12 ( 4 ) : 15 – 20 .
  • Witten , T. M. 2004 . Life course analysis: The courage to search for something more: Middle adulthood issues in the transgender and intersex community . Journal of Human Behavior in a Social Environment , 8 ( 3/4 ) : 189 – 224 .
  • Witten , T. M. 2006 . Gender identity and the military: Transgender, transsexual, and intersex-identified individuals in the armed forces: Part 1 , Santa Barbara : Center for the Study of Sexual Minorities in the Military, University of California . Retrieved from http://www.gaymilitary.ucsb.edu/
  • Witten , T. M. 2007 . Gender identity and the military: Transgender, transsexual and intersex-identified individuals in the U.S. armed forces: Part 2 Retrieved from http://www.palmcenter.org/
  • Witten , T. M. 2008a . Sexuality, sensuality, intimacy, and trans-identities . Virginia Department of Health Trans Health Newsletter , 4 ( 1 ) : 1 – 3 .
  • Witten , T. M. 2008b . “ Transgender bodies, identities, and health care: Effects of perceived and actual violence and abuse ” . In Research in the sociology of health care: Inequalities and disparities in health care and health: Concerns of patients, , Edited by: Kronenfeld , J. J. Vol. 25 , 225 – 249 . Oxford, , England : Elsevier JAI .
  • Witten , T. M. and Eyler , A. E. 1999 . Hate crimes and violence against the transgender . Peace Review , 11 ( 3 ) : 461 – 468 .
  • Witten , T. M. and Eyler , A. E. 2009 . The handbook of GLBTI aging , Baltimore, MD : The Johns Hopkins University Press .
  • Witten , T. M. and Whittle , S. P. 2004 . TransPanthers: The graying of transgender and the law . The Deakin Law Review , 9 ( 2 ) : 503 – 522 .
  • Xavier , J. M. and Simmons , R. 2000 . “ The Washington Transgender Needs Assessment Survey ” . Personal communication
  • Yang , Y. and George , L. K. 2005 . Functional disability, disability transitions, and depressive symptoms in late life . Journal of Aging Health , 17 ( 3 ) : 263 – 292 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.