Multivariate Analyses of Functional and Chemical Properties of Uapaca Kirkiana Fruits from Zimbabwe

Literature Cited

• Abbe, E., J. Fan, K. Wang, and Y. Zhong. 2017. Entry wise eigenvector analysis of random matrices with low expected rank. [online] Available at: https://arxiv.abs/1709.09565
   Google Scholar
• Akinnifesi, F. K., R. R. B. Leakey, O. Ajayi, G. Sileshi, Z. Tchoundjeu, and P. Matakala. 2008. Indigenous Fruit Trees in the Tropics: Domestication, Utilization and Commercialization. Columns Design Limited, Reading, UK.
   Google Scholar
• Akinnifesi, F.K., F. Kwesiga, J. Mhango, A. Mkonda, T. Chilanga, and R. Swai. 2004. Domesticating priority miombo indigenous fruit trees as a promising livelihood option for smallholder farmers in southern Africa. Acta Horticulture. 632:15–30. doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2004.632.1.
   Google Scholar
• Altundag, H., and M. Tuzen. 2011. Comparison of dry wet and microwave digestion methods for the multi element determination in some dried fruit samples by ICP-OES. Food Chem. Toxicol. Food Chem. Toxicol 49(11):2800–2807. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.07.064.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Association of Official Analytical Chemistry. 2000. Official method of analysis (AOAC) International. 17th ed. AOAC International, Maryland. USA.
   Google Scholar
• Ball, J.A. 1997. Evaluation of two lipid based edible coating for their ability to preserve post-harvest quality of green bell peppers. Master Diss., Faculty of the Virginia Polytecnic Institute and state University. Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.
   Google Scholar
• Bille, P., M. Shikongo-Nambab, and A. Cheikhyoussef. 2013. Value addition and processed products of three indigenous fruits in Namibia. Afr. J. Food Agric. Nutr. Dev. 13:7192–7212.
   Google Scholar
• Boulton, R.B., V.L. Singleton, L.F. Bisson, and R.E. Kunkee. 1996. Principles and practices of winemaking. Chapman & Hall, New York, 253–521.
   Google Scholar
• Bowen-Forbes, C.S., Y. Zhang, and M.G. Nair. 2010. Anthocyanin content, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties of blackberry and raspberry fruits. J. Food Compos. Anal. 23:554–560. doi: 10.1016/j.jfca.2009.08.012.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bugaud, C., E. Deverge, M.O. Daribo, F. Ribeyre, B. Fils-lycaon, A. Mbeguine, and D. Mbeguine. 2011. Sensory characterisation enabled the first classification of dessert bananas. J. Sci. Food Agric. 91(6):992–1000. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.4270.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burlingame, B., R. Charrondiere, and B. Mouille. 2009. Food composition is fundamental to the cross-cutting initiative on biodiversity for food and nutrition. J. Food Compos. Anal. 22(5):361–365. doi: 10.1016/j.jfca.2009.05.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castrejón, A.D.R., I. Eichholz, S. Rohn, L.W. Kroh, and S. Huyskens-Keil. 2008. Phenolic profile and antioxidant activity of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) during fruit maturation and ripening. Food Chem. 109:564–572. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.01.007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chawafambira, A., M.M. Sedibe, A. Mpofu, and M. Achilonu. 2020. Uapaca kirkiana, an indigenous fruit tree in sub-Saharan Africa: A comprehensive review. Cogent Food Agric. 00:1766735. doi: 10.1080/23311932.2020.1766735.
   Google Scholar
• Chen, F.X., X.H. Liu, and L.S. Chen. 2009. Developmental changes in pulp organic acid concentration and activities of acid-metabolising enzymes during the fruit development of two loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) cultivars differing in fruit acidity. Food Chem. 114(2):657–664. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.10.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiveu, J., M. Naumann, K. Kehlenbeck, and E. Pawelzik. 2019. Variation in fruit chemical and mineral composition of Kenyan guava (Psidium guajava L.): Inferences from climatic conditions, and fruit morphological traits. J. Appl. Bot. Food Qual. 92:151–159. doi: 10.5073/JABFQ.2019.092.021.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cho, M.J., L.R. Howard, R.L. Prior, and J.R. Clark. 2004. Flavonoid glycosides and antioxidant capacity of various blackberry, blueberry and red grape genotypes determined by high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. J. Sci. Food Agric. 84:1771–1782. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.1885.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crisosto, C.H., and G. Crisosto. 2001. Understanding consumer acceptance of early harvested ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit. Postharvest Biol. Technol. 22(3):205–213. doi: 10.1016/S0925-5214(01)00097-7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De La Hera-Orts, M., A. Martinez-Cutillas, L. Lopez-Roca, and E. Gomez-Plaza. 2005. Effect of moderate irrigation on grape composition during ripening. Spanish. J. Agric. Res. 3:352–361.
   Google Scholar
• Des Gachons, C.P., C.V. Leeuwen, T. Tominaga, J.P. Soyer, J.P. Gaudillere, and D. Dubourdieu. 2004. Influence of water and nitrogen deficit on fruit ripening and aroma potential of Vitis viniferaL cv Sauvignon blanc in field conditions. J. Sci. Food Agric. 85(1):73–85. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.1919.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ding, C.K., Y. Chachin, Y. Hamauzu, Y. Ueda, and Y. Imahori. 1998. Effects of storage temperatures on physiology and quality of loquat fruit. Postharvest Biol. Technol. 14(3):309–315. doi: 10.1016/S0925-5214(98)00053-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fardet, A., E. Rock, and C. Re. 2008. Is the in vitro antioxidant potential of whole-grain cereals and cereal products well reflected in vivo? J. Cereal Sci. 48:258–276. doi: 10.1016/j.jcs.2008.01.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gull, J., B. Sultana, F. Anwar, R. Naseer, M. Ashraf, and M. Ashrafuzzaman. 2012. Variation in antioxidant attributes at three ripening stages of guava (Psidium guajava L.) fruit from different geographical regions of Pakistan. Molecules 17(3):3165–3180. doi: 10.3390/molecules17033165.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haque, M.N., B.K. Saha, M.R. Karim, and M.N.H. Bhuiyan. 2009. Evaluation of nutritional and physico-chemical properties of several selected fruits in Bangladesh. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 44(3):353–358. doi: 10.3329/bjsir.v44i3.4410.
   Google Scholar
• Harker, F., K. Marsh, H. Young, S. Murray, F. Gunson, and S. Walker. 2002. Sensory interpretation of instrumental measurements 2: Sweet and acid taste of apple fruit. Postharvest Biol. Technol. 24(3):241–250. doi: 10.1016/S0925-5214(01)00157-0.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hina, M., V.S. Sandeep, and P. Renu. 2018. Phosphorus nutrition: Plant growth in response to deficiency and excess. In Plant Nutrients and Abiotic Stress Tolerance (pp. 171-190). Springer, Singapore. doi:10.1007/978-981-10-9044-8_7
   Google Scholar
• Kalt, W., A. Howell, J.C. Duy, C.F. Forney, and J.E. McDonald. 2001. Horticultural factors affecting antioxidant capacity of blueberries and other small fruits. Hortic. Technol. 11:523–528. doi: 10.21273/HORTTECH.11.4.523.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuda, T., M. Tsunekawa, H. Goto, and Y. Araki. 2005. Antioxidant properties of four edible algae harvested in the Noto Peninsula, Japan. J. Food Compos. Anal. 18(7):625–633. doi: 10.1016/j.jfca.2004.06.015.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magaia, T., A. Uamusse, I. Sjöholm, and K. Skog. 2013. Proximate analysis of five wild fruits of Mozambique. Sci. World J. 1–6. doi: 10.1155/2013/601435.
   Google Scholar
• Maji, A.T., and A.A. Shaibu. 2012. Application of principal component analysis for rice germplasm characterization and evaluation. J. Plant Breed. Crop Sci. 4(6):87–97. doi: 10.5897/JPBCS11.093.
   Google Scholar
• Mapunda, E.P., and C. Mligo. 2019. Nutritional content and antioxidant properties of edible indigenous wild fruits from miombo woodlands in Tanzania. Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci. 13(2):849–860.
   Google Scholar
• Maroyi, A. 2013. Traditional use of medicinal plants in south-central Zimbabwe: Review and perspectives. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 9–31:1–18.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehmood, A., M.J. Jaskani, I.A. Khan, S. Ahmad, R. Ahmad, S. Luo, and N.M. Ahmad. 2014. Genetic diversity of Pakistani guava (Psidium guajava L.) germplasm and its implications for conservation and breeding. Sci. Hortic. 172:221–232. doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2014.04.005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mithofer, D., and H. Waibel. 2003. Income and labour productivity of collection and use of indigenous fruit tree products in Zimbabwe. Agrofor. Syst. 59:295–305. doi: 10.1023/B:AGFO.0000005230.09714.b4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moombe, K.B., H. Cori, J.S. Clarke, S. Franzel, and P. Ackerman. 2014. Consumer preferences for Uapaca kirkiana fruits in Zambia. For. Trees Livelihoods 23(4):248–260. doi: 10.1080/14728028.2014.929981.
   Google Scholar
• Mpofu, A., A.R. Linnemann, M.J.R. Nout, M.H. Zwietering, and E.J. Smid. 2014. Mutandabota, a food product from Zimbabwe: Processing, composition, and socioeconomic aspects. Ecol Food Nutr 53(1):24–41. doi: 10.1080/03670244.2013.767802.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muchuweti, M., A.R. Ndhlala, and A. Kasiamhuru. 2006. Analysis of phenolic compounds including tannins, gallotannins and flavanols of Uapaca kirkiana fruit. Food Chem. 94(3):415–419. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.11.030.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ndabikunze, B.K., B.N. Masambu, and B.M. Tiisekwa. 2010. Vitamin C and mineral contents, acceptability and shelf life of juice prepared from four indigenous fruits of the Miombo woodlands of Tanzania. J. Food Agric. Environ. 8:91–96.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nhukarume, L., Z. Chikwambi, M. Muchuweti, and B. Chipurura. 2010. Phenolic content and antioxidant capacities of Parinari curatelifolia, Strychnos spinosa and Adansonia digitata. J. Food Biochem. 34(1):207–221. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2009.00325.x.
   Google Scholar
• Nyanga, L.K., T.H. Gadaga, M.J.R. Nout, E.J. Smid, T. Boekhout, and M.H. Zwietering. 2013. Nutritive value of masau (Ziziphus mauritiana) fruits from Zambezi Valley in Zimbabwe. Food Chem. 138(1):168–172. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.10.016.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Razaq, M., P. Zhang, H. Shen, and Salahuddin. 2017. Influence of nitrogen and phosphorus on the growth and root morphology of Acer mono. PLoS ONE. 12:1–13. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171321.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodriguez-Amaya, D.B., M. Kimura, H.T. Godoy, and J. Amaya-Farfan. 2008. Updated Brazilian database on food carotenoids: Factors affecting carotenoid composition. J. Agric. Food Chem. 21(6):445–463. doi: 10.1016/j.jfca.2008.04.001.
   Google Scholar
• Saka, J.K., R. Swai, A. Mkonda, A. Schomburg, F. Kwesiga, and F.K. Akinnifesi. 2004. Processing and utilisation of indigenous fruits of the miombo in Southern Africa. In proceedings of the Agroforestry impacts on Livelihoods in Southern Africa: Putting Research into Practice conference. Aventura Resorts Warmbaths, South Africa: World Agroforestry Centre publication.
   Google Scholar
• Seymour, G.B., J. Taylor, and G.A. Tucker. 1993. Biochemistry of fruit ripening. Chapman & Hall, London.
   Google Scholar
• Shen, J., L. Yuan, J. Zhang, H. Li, Z. Bai, X. Chen, W. Zhang, and F. Zhang. 2011. Phosphorus dynamics: From soil to plant. Plant Physiol. 156(3):997–1005. doi: 10.1104/pp.111.175232.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silva, M.L.C., R.S. Costa, A.S. Santana, and M.B.G. Koblitz. 2010. Compostos fenólicos, carotenoides e atividade antioxidante em produtos vegetais. Semina 31:669–681.
   Google Scholar
• Singh, D., M. Gill, R. Boora, and N. Arora. 2015. Genetic diversity analysis in guava (Psidium guajava) on the basis of morphological and physicochemical traits. Indian J. Agric. Sci. 85:678–683.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stadlmayr, B., U.R. Charrondiere, S. Eisenwagen, R. Jamnadassand, and K. Kehlenbeck. 2013. Nutrient composition of selected indigenous fruits from sub-Saharan Africa. J. Sci. Food Agric. 93(11):2627–2636. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.6196.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thakur, A., and Z. Singh. 2012. Responses of ‘Spring Bright’ and ‘Summer Bright’ nectarines to deficit irrigation: Fruit growth and concentration of sugars and organic acids. Sci. Hortic. 135(24):112–119. doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2011.12.013.
   Google Scholar
• Toker, R., M. Gölükcü, H. Tokgöz, and S. Tepe. 2013. Organic acids and sugar compositions of some loquat cultivars (Eriobotrya japonica L.) grown in Turkey. Tarim Bilimleri Dergisi 19:121–128.
   Google Scholar
• Toledo, Á., and B. Burlingame. 2006a. Biodiversity and nutrition: A common path toward global food security and sustainable development. J. Food Compos. Anal. 19(6):477–483. doi: 10.1016/j.jfca.2006.05.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsantili, E., Y. Shin, J.F. Nock, and B. Watkins. 2010. Antioxidant concentrations during chilling injury development in peaches. Postharvest Biol. Technol. 57:27–34. doi: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2010.02.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vinceti, B., A. Ickowitz, B. Powell, K. Kehlenbeck, C. Termote, B. Cogill, and D. Hunter. 2013. The contributions of forest foods to sustainable diets. Unasylvia 64:54–64.
   Google Scholar
• Wall, M.M. 2006. Ascorbic acid, vitamin A, and mineral composition of banana (Musa sp.) and papaya (Carica papaya) cultivars grown in Hawaii. J. Food Compos. Anal. 19(5):434–445. doi: 10.1016/j.jfca.2006.01.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walton, E.F., and T.M. De Jong. 1990. Growth and compositional changes in kiwi fruit berries from three Californian locations. Ann. Bot. 66(3):285–298. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a088027.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, C.Y., C.T. Chen, and S.Y. Wang. 2009b. Changes of flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity in blueberries after illumination with UV-C. Food Chem. 117(3):426–431. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.04.037.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Welch, R.M., W.A. Norvell, S.C. Schaefe, J.E. Shaff, and L.V. Kochian. 1993. Induction of iron (III) and copper (II) reduction in pea (Pisum sativum L.) roots by Fe and Cu status: Does the root-cell plasmalemma Fe (III)-chelate reductase perform a general role in regulating cation uptake? Planta. 190:555–561. doi: 10.1007/BF00224795.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolfe, K.L., X. Kang, X. He, M. Dong, Q. Zhang, and R.H. Liu. 2008. Celular antioxidant activity of common fruits. J. Agric. Food Chem. 56:8418–8426. doi: 10.1021/jf801381y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zadernowski, R., M. Naczk, and J. Nesterowicz. 2005. Phenolic acid profiles in some small berries. J. Agric. Food Chem. 53:2118–2124. doi: 10.1021/jf040411p.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar