949
Views
13
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

Expanding our understanding of the role of peer support in child welfare workforce retention

, , &
Pages 80-100 | Received 07 May 2019, Accepted 16 Aug 2019, Published online: 28 Aug 2019

References

  • Annie E. Casey Foundation. (2015). 10 practices: A child welfare leader’s desk guide to building a high-performing agency. Retrieved from https://www.aecf.org/m/resourcedoc/aecf-10Pracrticespart1-2015.pdf
  • Auerbach, C., Zeitlin Schudrich, W., Lawrence, C. K., Claiborne, N., & McGowan, B. G. (2014). Predicting turnover: Validating the intent to leave child welfare scale. Research on Social Work Practice, 24, 349–355. doi:10.1177/1049731513494021
  • Augsberger, A., Schudrich, W., McGowan, B. G., & Auerbach, C. (2012). Respect in the workplace: A mixed methods study of retention and turnover in the voluntary child welfare sector. Children and Youth Services Review, 34, 1222–1229. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2012.02.016
  • Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The job demands-resources model: State of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22(3), 309-328. doi:10.1108/02683940710733115
  • Butler Institute for Families. (2014). Intent to stay (Unpublished measure). University of Denver, Denver, CO.
  • Butler Institute for Families. (2017). Peer support (Unpublished measure). University of Denver, Denver, CO.
  • Cahalane, H., & Sites, E. W. (2008). The climate of child welfare employee retention. Child Welfare, 87(1), 91–114.
  • Cahill, D. J., & Sias, P. M. (1997). The perceived social costs and importance of seeking emotional support in the workplace: Gender differences and similarities. Communication Research Reports, 14(2), 231–240. doi:10.1080/08824099709388665
  • Caplan, R. D., Cobb, S., & French, J. (1975). Relationship of cessation of smoking with job stress, personality, and social support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 60(2), 211–219.
  • Casey Family Programs. (2017). Information packet: Healthy organizations. Retrieved from https://caseyfamilypro-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/media/HO_Turnover-Costs_and_Retention_Strategies.pdf
  • Chenot, D., Benton, A. D., & Kim, H. (2009). The influence of supervisor support, peer support, and organizational culture among early career social workers in child welfare services. Child Welfare, 88(5), 129–147.
  • Chuang, E., Wells, R., Bellettiere, J., & Cross, T. P. (2013). Identifying the substance abuse treatment needs of caregivers involved with child welfare. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 45, 118–125. doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2013.01.007
  • Colbert, A. E., Bono, J. E., & Purvanova, R. K. (2016). Flourishing via workplace relationships: moving beyond instrumental support. Academy of Management Journal, 59(4), 1199–1223. doi:10.5465/amj.2014.0506
  • de Guzman, A., Carver-Roberts, T., Leake, R., & Rienks, S. (n.d.). The retention of child welfare staff: Staying strategies and supports.
  • Deery-Schmitt, D. M., & Todd, C. M. (1995). A conceptual model for studying turnover among family child care providers. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 10, 121–143. doi:10.1016/0885-2006(95)90029-2
  • Deeter-Schmelz, D. R., & Ramsey, R. P. (1997). Considering sources and types of social support: A psychometric evaluation of the House and Wells (1978) instrument. Methods in Sales Research, 17(1), 49–61.
  • Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Nachreiner, F., & Shaufeli, W. B. (2001). The job demands-resources model of burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 499–512.
  • DePanfilis, D., & Zlotnik, J. L. (2008). Retention of front-line staff in child welfare: A systematic review of research. Children and Youth Services Review, 30, 995–1008. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2007.12.017
  • Dorch, E., McCarthy, M. L., & Denofrio, D. (2008). Calculating child welfare separation, replacement, and training costs. Social Work in Public Health, 23(6), 39–54. doi:10.1080/19371910802059585
  • Drake, B., & Yadama, G. N. (1996). A structural equation model of burnout and job exit among child protective services workers. Social Work Research, 20(3), 179–187.
  • Ellett, A. J., & Millar, K. I. (2004). Professional organizational culture and retention in child welfare: Implications for continuing education for supervision and professional development. Professional Development: the International Journal of Continuing Social Work Education, 7(3), 30–38.
  • Flower, C., McDonald, J., & Sumski, M. (2005). Review of turnover in Milwaukee County private agency child welfare ongoing case management staff. Milwaukee, WI: Bureau of Milwaukee Child Welfare. Retrieved from https://www.uh.edu/socialwork/_docs/cwep/national-iv-e/turnoverstudy.pdf
  • Gagnon, S., Paquet, M., Courcy, F., & Parker, C. P. (2009). Measurement and management of work climate: Cross-validation of the CRISO psychological climate questionnaire. Healthcare Management Forum, 22(1), 57–65. doi:10.1016/S0840-4704(10)60294-3
  • Griffiths, A., & Royse, D. (2017). Unheard voices: Why former child welfare workers left their positions. Journal of Public Child Welfare, 11(1), 73–90. doi:10.1080/15548732.2016.1232210
  • Griffiths, A., Royse, D., Culver, K., Piescher, K., & Zhang, Y. (2017). Who stays, who goes, who knows? A state-wide survey of child welfare workers. Children and Youth Services Review, 77, 110–117. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2017.04.012
  • Halbesleben, J. R. B. (2006). Sources of social support and burnout: A meta-analytic test of the conservation of resources model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(5), 1134–1145. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.91.5.1134
  • He, A. S. (2017). Interagency collaboration and receipt of substance abuse treatment services for child welfare-involved caregivers. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 79, 20–28. doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2017.05.006
  • He, A. S., Lim, C. S., Lecklitner, G., Olson, A., & Traube, D. E. (2015). Interagency collaboration and identifying mental health needs in child welfare: Findings from Los Angeles county. Children and Youth Services Review, 53, 39–43. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2015.03.013
  • He, A. S., Phillips, J. D., Lizano, E. L., Rienks, S., & Leake, R. (2018). Examining internal and external job resources in child welfare: Protecting against caseworker burnout. Child Abuse and Neglect, 81, 48–59. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.04.013
  • Jacquet, S. E., Clark, S. J., Morazes, J. L., & Withers, R. (2008). The role of supervision in the retention of public child welfare workers. Journal of Public Child Welfare, 1(3), 27–54. doi:10.1300/J479v01n03_03
  • Janssen, P. P. M., Schaufeli, W. B., & Houkes, I. (1999). Work-related and individual determinants of three burnout dimensions. Work & Stress, 13(1), 74–86. doi:10.1080/026783799296200
  • Johnco, C., Salloum, A., Olson, K. R., & Edwards, L. M. (2014). Child welfare workers’ perspectives on contributing factors to retention and turnover: Recommendations for improvement. Children and Youth Services, 47, 397–407. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2014.10.016
  • Kim, H., & Kao, D. (2014). A meta-analysis of turnover intention predictors among U.S. child welfare workers. Children and Youth Services Review, 47, 214–223. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2014.09.015
  • Landsman, M. T. (2001). Commitment in public child welfare. Social Service Review, 75(3), 386–419. doi:10.1086/322857
  • Leake, R., Rienks, S., & Obermann, A. (2017). A deeper look at burnout in the child welfare workforce. Human Service Organizations. Advance online publication. doi:10.1080/23303131.2017.1340385
  • Lee, J., Forster, M., & Rehner, T. (2011). The retention of public child welfare workers: The roles of professional organizational culture and coping strategies. Children and Youth Services Review, 33, 102–109. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2010.08.019
  • Loi, R., Ao, O. K. Y., & Xu, A. J. (2014). Perceived organizational support and coworker support as antecedents of foreign workers’ voice and psychological stress. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 36, 23–30. doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2013.08.001
  • Malecki, C. K., & Demaray, M. K. (2003). What type of support do they need? Investigating student adjustment as related to emotional, informational, appraisal, and instrumental support. School Psychology Quarterly, 18(3), 231–252. doi:10.1521/scpq.18.3.231.22576
  • Mathieu, M., Eschleman, K. J., & Cheng, D. (2019). Meta-analytic and multiwave comparison of emotional support and instrumental support in the workplace. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 24(3), 387–409. doi:10.1037/ocp0000135
  • McFadden, P., Campbell, A., & Taylor, B. (2015). Resilience and burnout in child protection social work: Individual and organisational themes from a systematic literature review. British Journal of Social Work, 45, 1546–1563. doi:10.1093/bjsw/bct210
  • Mor Barak, M. E., Nissly, J. A., & Levin, A. (2001). Antecedents to retention and turnover among child welfare, social work, and other human service employees: What can we learn from past research? A review and metanalysis. Social Service Review, 75(4), 625–661. doi:10.1086/323166
  • Munn, E. K., Barber, C. E., & Fritz, J. J. (1996). Factors affecting the professional well-being of child life specialists. Children’s Health Care, 25(2), 71–91. doi:10.1207/s15326888chc2502_1
  • New York Social Work Education Consortium. (2001). Workforce retention survey instrument. Albany, NY: Author.
  • Nissly, J. A., Mor Barak, M. E., & Levin, A. (2005). Stress, social support, and workers’ intentions to leave their jobs in pubic child welfare. Administration in Social Work, 29(1), 79–100. doi:10.1300/J147v29n01_06
  • Park, T.-Y., & Shaw, J. D. (2013). Turnover rates and organizational performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 98(2), 268–309. doi:10.1037/a0030723
  • Phillips, J., Lizano, E., He, A. S., & Leake, R. (n.d.). Factors associated with caseworker burnout in child welfare: Does tenure matter? Journal of the Society for Social Work Research.
  • Potter, C., Leake, R., Longworth-Reed, L., Altschul, I., & Rienks, S. (2016). Measuring organizational health in child welfare agencies. Children And Youth Services Review, 61, 31–39. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2015.11.002
  • Reevy, G. M., & Maslach, C. (2001). Use of social support: Gender and personality differences. Sex Roles, 44(7–8), 437–459. doi:10.1023/A:1011930128829
  • Scannapieco, M., & Connell-Carrick, K. (2007). Child welfare workplace: The state of the workforce and strategies to improve retention. Child Welfare, 86(6), 31–52.
  • Shaw, J. D. (2011). Turnover rates and organizational performance: Review, critique, and research agenda. Organizational Psychology Review, 1(3), 187–213. doi:10.1177/2041386610382152
  • Smith, B., & Rutigliano, T. (2002). The truth about turnover: How much is too much? How much is too little? [Gallup business journal article]. Retrieved from https://news.gallup.com/businessjournal/316/truth-about-turnover.aspx
  • Spector, P. E. (1985). Measurement of human service staff satisfaction: Development of the job satisfaction survey. American Journal of Community Psychology, 13(6), 693–713.
  • Strolin-Goltzman, J., Kollar, S., & Trinkle, J. (2010). Listening to the voices of children in foster care: Youth speak out about child welfare workforce turnover and selection. Social Work, 55(1), 47–53.
  • Tardy, C. (1992). Assessing the functions of supportive messages. Communications Research, 19, 175–192. doi:10.1177/009365092019002003
  • Tollen, W. B. (1960). Study of staff losses in child welfare and family service agencies. Children’s Bureau Publication no. 383-1960. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
  • U.S. Government Accountability Office. (2003). HHS could play a greater role in helping child welfare agencies recruit and retain staff (GAO-03-357). Retrieved from http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-03-357
  • Weaver, D., Chang, J., Clark, S., & Rhee, S. (2007). Keeping public child welfare workers on the job. Administration in Social Work, 31(2), 5–25. doi:10.1300/J147v31n02_02
  • Wilke, D., Radey, M., King, E., Spinelli, C., Rakes, S., & Nolan, C. R. (2018). A multi-level conceptual model to examine child welfare worker turnover and retention decisions. Journal of Public Child Welfare, 12(2), 204–231. doi:10.1080/15548732.2017.1373722
  • Williams, N. J., & Glisson, C. (2013). Reducing turnover is not enough: The need for proficient organizational cultures to support positive youth outcomes in child welfare. Children and Youth Services Review, 35, 1871–1877. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2013.09.002
  • Williams, S. E., Nichols, Q. I., Kirk, A., & Wilson, T. (2011). A recent look at the factors influencing workforce retention in public child welfare. Children and Youth Services Review, 33, 157–160. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2010.08.028

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.