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Clinical Toxicology Volume 58, 2020 - Issue 2
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Clinical Research

Disposition of oral delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in children receiving cannabis extracts for epilepsy

George Sam WangSection of Emergency Medicine and Medical Toxicology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; Correspondence[email protected]
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,
David W A BourneDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Center for Translational Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacogenomics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; View further author information
,
Jost KlawitteriC42 Clinical Research and Development, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; View further author information
,
Cristina SempioiC42 Clinical Research and Development, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; View further author information
,
Kevin ChapmanDepartment of Neurology and Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; View further author information
,
Kelly KnuppDepartment of Neurology and Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; View further author information
,
Michael F. WempeDepartments of Clinical Pharmacy and Family Medicine, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; View further author information
,
Laura BorgeltDepartments of Clinical Pharmacy and Family Medicine, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; View further author information
,
Uwe ChristiansiC42 Clinical Research and Development, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; View further author information
,
Kennon HeardDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, CO, USAView further author information
&
Lalit BajajSection of Emergency Medicine and Medical Toxicology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; View further author information
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Pages 124-128 | Received 15 Mar 2019, Accepted 01 May 2019, Published online: 21 May 2019

References

  • Wong SS, Wilens TE. Medical cannabinoids in children and adolescents: a systematic review. Pediatrics. 2017;140:e20171818.
  • Agurell S, Halldin M, Lindgren JE, et al. Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol and other cannabinoids with emphasis on man. Pharmacol Rev. 1986;38:21–42.
  • Grotenhermen F. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cannabinoids. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2003;42:327–360.
  • McGilverary IJ. Pharmacokinetics of cannabinoids. Pain Res Manag. 2005;10(Suppl A):15A–22A.
  • Wang GS, Roosevelt G, Le Lait MC, et al. Association of unintentional pediatric exposures with decriminalization of marijuana in the United States. Ann Emerg Med. 2014;63:684–689.
  • Wang GS, Le Lait MC, Deakyne SJ, et al. Unintentional pediatric exposures to marijuana in colorado, 2009–2015. JAMA Pediatr. 2016;170:e160971.
  • Klawitter J, Sempio C, Mörlein S, et al. An atmospheric pressure chemical ionization MS/MS assay using online extraction for the analysis of 11 cannabinoids and metabolites in human plasma and urine. Ther Drug Monit. 2017;39:556–564.
  • Sachse-Seeboth C, Pfeil J, Sehrt D, et al. Interindividual variation in the pharmacokinetics of Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol as related to genetic polymorphisms in CYP2C9. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2009;85:273–276.
  • Karschner EL, Darwin WD, Goodwin RS, et al. Plasma cannabinoid pharmacokinetics following controlled oral delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol and oromucosal cannabis extract administration. Clin Chem. 2011;57:66–75.
  • Nadulski T, Pragst F, Weinberg G, et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study about the effects of cannabidiol (CBD) on the pharmacokinetics of Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) after oral application of THC verses standardized cannabis extract. Ther Drug Monit. 2005;27:799–810.
  • Nahler G, Grotenhermen F, Zuardi AW, et al. A conversion of oral cannabidiol to delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol seems not to occur in humans. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res. 2017;2:81–86.

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