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Short Communications

Clam calamity: five concurrent cases of neurotoxic shellfish poisoning with varying presentations following ingestion of clams from Gulf of Mexico water contaminated with Karenia brevis confirmed by serum brevetoxin assays

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Pages 702-704 | Received 23 Jun 2023, Accepted 14 Sep 2023, Published online: 13 Oct 2023

References

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  • Kirkpatrick B, Fleming LE, Squicciarini D, et al. Literature review of Florida red tide: implications for human health effects. Harmful Algae. 2004;3(2):99–115. doi: 10.1016/j.hal.2003.08.005.
  • Abraham A, Flewelling LJ, El Said KR, et al. An occurrence of neurotoxic shellfish poisoning by consumption of gastropods contaminated with brevetoxins. Toxicon. 2021;191:9–17. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.12.010.
  • Cunningham BR, Coleman RM, Schaefer AM, et al. Detection of brevetoxin in human plasma by ELISA. J Anal Toxicol. 2022;46(3):322–327. doi: 10.1093/jat/bkab010.
  • Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission Red Tide Current Status. [Internet]. Tallahassee, FL. [cited 2023 June 23]. Available from: https://myfwc.com/research/redtide/statewide/.
  • Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. Background and monitoring program for Florida Red Tide. FDACS-P-00080 Technical bulletin #01. Updated 2020 July.
  • Vilariño N, Louzao MC, Abal P, et al. Human poisoning from marine toxins: unknowns for optimal consumer protection. Toxins). 2018;10(8):324. doi: 10.3390/toxins10080324.
  • Vermeylen MK, Knowles TG, Barron HW. The influence of Lake Okeechobee discharges on Karenia brevis blooms and the effects on wildlife along the Central West Coast of Florida. Harmful Algae. 2022;115:102237. PMID: 35623693. doi: 10.1016/j.hal.2022.102237.

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