References
- Chippaux JP. Epidemiology of snakebites in Europe: a systematic review of the literature. Toxicon. 2012;59(1):86–99. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2011.10.008.
- Mallow D, Ludwig D, Nilson G. True vipers: natural history and toxinology of Old-World vipers. ; Krieger Publishing Company: malabar, FL, USA, 2003; p. 359.
- Tomović L. Systematics of the nose horned viper (vipera ammodytes, linnaeus, 1758). Herpetological Journal. 2006;16:191–201.
- Di Nicola MR, Pontara A, Kass GEN, et al. Vipers of major clinical relevance in Europe: taxonomy, venom composition, toxicology and clinical management of human bites. Toxicology. 2021;453:152724. doi:10.1016/j.tox.2021.152724.
- Karabuva S, Lukšić B, Brizić I, et al. Ammodytin L is the main cardiotoxic component of the vipera ammodytes ammodytes venom. Toxicon. 2017;139:94–100. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2017.10.003.
- Leonardi A, Sajevic T, Pungerčar J, et al. Comprehensive study of the proteome and transcriptome of the venom of the most venomous european viper: discovery of a new subclass of ancestral snake venom metalloproteinase Precursor-Derived proteins. J Proteome Res. 2019;18(5):2287–2309. doi:10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00120.
- Latinovic Z, Leonardi A, Šribar J, et al. Venomics of vipera berus berus to explain differences in pathology elicited by vipera ammodytes ammodytes envenomation: therapeutic implications. J Proteomics. 2016;146:34–47. doi:10.1016/j.jprot.2016.06.020.
- Dobaja Borak M, Grenc D, Reberšek K, et al. Reversible and transient thrombocytopenia of functional platelets induced by nose-horned viper venom. Thromb Res. 2023;229:152–154. doi:10.1016/j.thromres.2023.07.005.
- Lamb T, de Haro L, Lonati D, et al. Antivenom for european vipera species envenoming. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2017;55(6):557–568. doi:10.1080/15563650.2017.1300261.
- Google Maps. 2023. Europe. Google Maps [online] Available at https://www.google.com/maps. [Accessed 17 July 2023]
- Audebert F, Sorkine M, Bon C. Envenoming by viper bites in France: clinical gradation and biological quantification by ELISA. Toxicon. 1992;30(5–6):599–609. doi:10.1016/0041-0101(92)90854-x.
- Chippaux JP, Saz-Parkinson Z, Amate Blanco JM. Epidemiology of snakebite in Europe: comparison of data from the literature and case reporting. Toxicon. 2013;76:206–213. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.10.004.
- Paolino G, Di Nicola MR, Avella I, et al. Venomous bites, stings and poisoning by european vertebrates as an overlooked and emerging medical problem: recognition, clinical aspects and therapeutic management. Life (Basel). 2023;13(6):1228. doi:10.3390/life13061228.
- Jollivet V, Hamel JF, de Haro L, et al. European viper envenomation recorded by french poison control centers: a clinical assessment and management study. Toxicon. 2015;108:97–103. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.09.039.
- Lamb T, Stewart D, Warrell DA, et al. Moderate-to-severe vipera berus envenoming requiring ViperaTAb antivenom therapy in the UK. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2021;59(11):992–1001. doi:10.1080/15563650.2021.1891245.
- Dyląg-Trojanowska KE, Hodorowicz-Zaniewska D, Zybaczyńska J, et al. Is coagulopathy a common consequence of a vipera berus bite? A retrospective single Centre study. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2018;25(4):630–634. doi:10.26444/aaem/75941.
- Magdalan J, Trocha M, Merwid-Lad A, et al. Vipera berus bites in the region of southwest Poland–a clinical analysis of 26 cases. Wilderness Environ Med. 2010;21(2):114–119. doi:10.1016/j.wem.2010.01.005.
- Malina T, Krecsák L, Jelić D, et al. First clinical experiences about the neurotoxic envenomings inflicted by lowland populations of the Balkan adder, vipera berus bosniensis. Neurotoxicology. 2011;32(1):68–74. doi:10.1016/j.neuro.2010.11.007.
- Boels D, Hamel JF, Bretaudeau Deguigne M, et al. European viper envenomings: assessment of viperfav™ and other symptomatic treatments. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2012;50(3):189–196. doi:10.3109/15563650.2012.660695.
- Luksić B, Bradarić N, Prgomet S. Venomous snakebites in Southern Croatia. Coll Antropol. 2006;30(1):191–197.
- Lukšić B, Karabuva S, Markić J, et al. Thrombocytopenic purpura following envenomation by the nose-horned viper (vipera ammodytes ammodytes): two case reports. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018;97(52):e13737. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000013737.
- Frangides CY, Koulouras V, Kouni SN, et al. Snake venom poisoning in Greece. Experiences with 147 cases. Eur J Intern Med. 2006;17(1):24–27. doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2005.10.001.
- Kurtović T, Karabuva S, Grenc D, et al. Intravenous vipera berus Venom-Specific fab fragments and intramuscular vipera ammodytes Venom-Specific F(ab’)2 fragments in vipera ammodytes-Envenomed patients. Toxins (Basel). 2021;13(4):279. doi:10.3390/toxins13040279.
- Kurtović T, Brvar M, Grenc D, et al. A single dose of viperfav(TM) may be inadequate for vipera ammodytes snake bite: a case report and pharmacokinetic evaluation. Toxins (Basel). 2016;8(8):244. doi:10.3390/toxins8080244.
- Brvar M, Kurtović T, Grenc D, et al. Vipera ammodytes bites treated with antivenom ViperaTAb: a case series with pharmacokinetic evaluation. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2017;55(4):241–248. doi:10.1080/15563650.2016.1277235.
- Casewell NR, Al-Abdulla I, Smith D, et al. Immunological cross-reactivity and neutralization of european viper venoms with the monospecific vipera berus antivenom ViperaTAb. Toxins (Basel). 2014;6(8):2471–2482. doi:10.3390/toxins6082471.