References
- Quang LS, Levy HL, Law T, Desai MC, Maher TJ, Boyer EW, Shannon MW, Woolf AD. Laboratory diagnosis of 1,4-BD and GHB overdose by routine urine organic acid analysis. Clin Toxicol 2005; 43: 321–323
- Brown TC. Epidemic of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) ingestion. Med J Aust 2004; 181: 343
- Caldicott DG, Chow FY, Burns BJ, Felgate PD, Byard RW. Fatalities associated with the use of gamma-hydroxybutyrate and its analogues in Australasia. Med J Aust 2004; 181: 310–313
- Eckstein M, Henderson SO, DelaCruz P, Newton E. Gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB): report of a mass intoxication and review of the literature. Prehosp Emerg Care 1999; 3: 357–361
- 5. Liechti ME, Kunz I, Greminger P, Speich R, Kupferschmidt H. Clinical features of gamma-hydroxybutyrate and gamma-butyrolactone toxicity and concomitant drug and alcohol use. Drug Alcohol Depend 2005 (electronic publication ahead of print).
- Mason PE, Kerns WP, 2nd. Gamma hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) intoxication. Acad Emerg Med 2002; 9: 730–739
- Miro O, Nogue S, Espinosa G, To-Figueras J, Sanchez M. Trends in illicit drug emergencies: the emerging role of gamma-hydroxybutyrate. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 2002; 40: 129–135
- Snead OCI, Gibson KM. Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid. N Engl J Med 2005; 352: 2721–2732
- Baselt R. Disposition of toxic drugs and chemicals in man 7th. Biomedical Publications – California, Foster City 2004
- Kavanagh PV, Kenny P, Feely J. The urinary excretion of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid in man. J Pharm Pharmacol 2001; 53: 399–402
- Hoes MJ, Vree TB, Guelen PJ. Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid as hypnotic. Clinical and pharmacokinetic evaluation of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid as hypnotic in man. Encephale 1980; 6: 93–99
- Stillwell ME. Drug-facilitated sexual assault involving gamma-hydroxybutyric acid. J Forensic Sci 2002; 47: 1133–1134
- Megarbane B, Fompeydie D, Garnier R, Baud FJ. Treatment of a 1,4-butanediol poisoning with fomepizole. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 2002; 40: 77–80
- Couper F, Marinetti L. Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) – Effects on human performance and behavior. Forensic Sci Rev 2002; 14: 101–121
- 15. Participant Summary. American College of Medical Genetics/ College of American Pathologists Biochemical Genetics Laboratory Survey A, 2005:5.
- Quang LS, Desai MC, Shannon MW, Woolf AD, Maher TJ. 4-methylpyrazole decreases 1,4-butanediol toxicity by blocking its in vivo biotransformation to gamma-hydroxybutyric acid. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2004; 1025: 528–537
- Quang LS, Desai MC, Kraner JC, Shannon MW, Woolf AD, Maher TJ. Enzyme and receptor antagonists for preventing toxicity from the gamma-hydroxybutyric acid precursor 1,4-butanediol in CD-1 mice. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2002; 965: 461–472
- Quang LS, Shannon MW, Woolf AD, Desai MC, Maher TJ. Pretreatment of CD-1 mice with 4-methylpyrazole blocks toxicity from the gamma-hydroxybutyrate precursor, 1,4-butanediol. Life Sci 2002; 71: 771–778