The effect of trace amount of Zr-doped TiO₂ on photocatalytic activity in degradation of organic waste

References

• Ahmed, S., Rasul, M. G., Martens, W., Brown, R., and Hashib, M. A. 2011. Influence of parameters on the heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of pesticides and phenolic contaminats in waste water: a short review. J. Environ. Manage. 92:311–330.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agli, G. D., Ferone, C., Mascolo, G., and Pansini, M. 2000. Crystallization of monoclinic zirconia from metastable phases. Solid State Ionics 127:223–230.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aberoomand Azar, P., Moradi Dehaghi, Sh., Samadi, S., Kamyar, S., and Saber Tehrani, M. 2010. Effect of Nd3+, Pectin and Poly (ethylene glycol) on the Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2/SiO2 Film. Asian J. Chem. 22:1619–1627.
   Google Scholar
• Bendoni, R., Mercadelli, E., Sangiorgi, N., Strini, A., Sangiorgi, A., Sanson, A. 2015. Alternative route for the preparation of Zr-doped TiO2 layers for energy and environmental applications. Ceram. Int. 41:9899–9910.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bautista-Ruiz, J., Aperador, W., Delgado, A., and Díaz–Lagos, M. 2014. Synthesis and Characterization of Anti corrosive Coatings of SiO2-TiO2-ZrO2 Obtained from Sol-Gel Suspensions. Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 9:4144–4157.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang, S., and Doong, R. 2006. Characterization of Zr-Doped TiO2 Nanocrystals Prepared by a Non-hydrolytic Sol-Gel Method at High Temperatures. J. Phys. Chem. B 110:20808–20814.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, H. R., Shi, J. L., Zhang, W. H., Ruan, M. L., and Yan, D. S. 2011. Incorporation of Titanium into the Inorganic Wall of Ordered Porous Zirconium Oxide via Direct Synthesis. Chem. Mater 13:1035–1040.
   Google Scholar
• Deng, Q. R., Xia, X. H., Guo, M. L., Gao, Y., and Shao, G. 2011. Mn-doped TiO2 nanopowders with remarkable visible light photocatalytic activity. Mater. Lett. 65:2051–2054.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fu, Ch. J., Wei Zhan,Zh., Yu, M., Li, S. M., Liu, J. H., and Dong, L. 2014. Influence of Zr/Si Molar Ratio on Structure, Morphology and Corrosion Resistance of Organosilane Coatings Doped with Zirconium (IV) n-propoxide. Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 9:2603–2619.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gulino, A., Condorelli, G. G., Fragalh, I., and Egdell, R, G. 1995. Surface segregation of Sb in doped TiO2 rutile. Appl. Surf. Sci. 90:289–295.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gatla, S., Madaan, N., Radnik, J., Kalevaru, V. N., Pohl, M. M., Lücke, B., Martin, A., and Brückner, A. 2011. Key properties promoting high activity and stability of supported Pd,Sb/TiO2 catalysts in the acetoxylation of toluene to benzyl. Appl. Catal., A: Gen 398:104–112.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goswami, P., and Ganguli, J. N. 2013. Tuning the band gap of mesoporous Zr-doped TiO2 for effective degradation of pesticide quinalphos. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. DOI: 10.1039/C3DT51891D.
   Google Scholar
• Hakoda, T., Matsumoto, K., Mizuno, A., and Hirota, K. 2009. Role of metals loaded on a TiO2 surface in the oxidation of xylene in air using an electron beam irradiation/catalytic process. Appl. Catal., A: Gen. 357:244–249.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ikeda, T., Nomoto, T., Eda, K., Mizutani, Y., Kato, H., and Kudo, A., and Onishi, H. 2008. Photo induced dynamics of TiO2 doped with Cr and Sb. J. Phys. Chem. C112:1167–1173.
   Google Scholar
• Karthik, K., Kesava Pandian, S., and Victor Jaya, N. 2010. Effect of nickel doping on structural, optical and electrical properties of TiO2 nanoparticles by sol–gel method. Appl. Surf. Sci. 256:6829–6833.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, S., and Kong, M. 2011. Synthesis of Zr-incorporated TiO2 Using a Solvothermal Method and its Photovoltaic Efficiency on Dye-sensitized Solar Cells. Bull. Korean Chem. Soc. 32:3317–3322.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khodadadi, B., Sabeti, M., Moradi, Sh., Aberomand Azar, P., and Raeis Farshid, S. 2012. Synthesis of Cu-TiO2 Nanocomposite and Investigation ofthe Effectiveness of PEG, Pectin, and CMC as Additives. JACR 20:36–44.
   Google Scholar
• Liua, B., Wang, X., Cai, G., Wen, L., Song, Y., and Zhao, X. 2009. Low temperature fabrication of V-doped TiO2 nanoparticles, structure and photocatalytic studies. J. Hazard. Mater. 169:1112–1118.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, Y., Kim, Y., Jeong, H., and Kang, M. 2008. Hydrogen production from the photocatalytic hydrolysis of sodium borohydridein the presence of In-, Sn- and Sb- TiO2s. J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 14:655–660.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liaoa, M. H., Hsub, C. H., and Chen, D. H. 2006. Preparation and properties of amorphous titania-coated Zinc oxide nanoparticles. J. Solid State Chem. 179:2020–2026.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lukáč, J., Klementová, M., Bezdička, P., Bakardjieva, S., Šubrt, J., Szatmáry, L., Bastl, Z., and Jirkovský, J. 2007. Influence of Zr as TiO2 doping ion on photocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol. Appl. Catal. B, Environ. 74:83–91.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• López, R., and Gómez, R. 2012. Band-gap energy estimation from diffuse reflectance measurements on sol–gel and commercial TiO2: a comparative study. J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol. 61:1–7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moradi, Sh., Aberoomand-Azar, P., Raeis-Farshid, S., Abedini-Khorrami, S., and Hadi Givianrad, M. 2012. The effect of different molar ratios of ZnO on characterization and photocatalytic activity of TiO2/ZnO nano composite. J. Saudi Chem. Soc. 20:373–378.
   Google Scholar
• Mendez-vivar, J., Bosch, P., and Lara, V. H. 2002. Experimental Design of Si-Ti-Zr Polymers Containing Hybrid Si Species, Spectroscopic Study and Thermal Evolution. J. Porous Mater 9:231–235.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nogawa, T., Isobe, T., Matsushita, S., and Nakajima, A. 2012. Preparation and visible-light photocatalytic activity of Au- and Cu-modified TiO2 powders. Mater. Lett. 82:174–177.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Picquart, M., López, T., Gómez, R., Torres, E., Moreno, A., and Garcia, J. 2004. Dehydration and Crystallization Process in Sol–Gel Zirconia Thermal and spectroscopic study. J. Therm. Anal. Chem. 76:755–761.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peng, Y. H., Huang, G. F., and Huang, W. Q. 2012. Visible-light absorption and photocatalytic activity of Cr-doped TiO2 nanocrystal films. Adv. Powder Technol. 23:8–12.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quan, X., Zhao, Q., Tan, H., Sang, X., Wang, F., and Dai, Y. 2009. Comparative study of lanthanide oxide doped titanium dioxide photocatalysts prepared by Coprecipitation and sol-gel process. Mater. Chem. Phys. 114:90–98.
   Google Scholar
• Ren, D., Bei, Z., Shen, J., Cui, X., Yang, X., and Zhang, Zh. 2005. The structure change and the superhydrophilicity of the Sb-doped titanium dioxide thin films. J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol. 34:123–126.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riaz, N., Chong, F. K., Dutta, B. K., Man, Z. B., Saqib Khan, M., and Nurlael, E. 2012. Photodegradation of orange ІІ under visible light using Cu-Ni/TiO2: effect of calcination temperature. Chem. Eng. J. 185–186:108–119.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sliem, M. A., Schmidt, D. A., Bétard, A., Kalidindi, S. B., Gross, S., Havenith, M., Devi, A., and Fischer, R. A. 2012. Surfactant-Induced Non-hydrolytic Synthesis of Phase-Pure ZrO2 Nanoparticles from Metal−Organic and Oxocluster Precursors. Chem. Mater. 24:4274−4282.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun, S., Ding, J., Bao, J., Gaoa, Ch., Qi, Z., Yang, X., He, B., and Li, Ch. 2012. Photocatalytic degradation of gaseous toluene on Fe-TiO2 under visible light irradiation: a study on the structure, activity and deactivation mechanism. Appl. Surf. Sci. 258:5031–5037.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Savaa, B. A., Diaconua, A., Elisab, M.,Grigorescub, C. E. A., Vasiliub, I. C., and Maneac, A. 2007. Structural characterization of the sol–gel oxide powders from the ZnO–TiO2–SiO2 system. Superlattices Microstruct. 42:314–321.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sangiorgi, A., Bendoni, R., Sangiorgi, N., Sanson, A., and Ballarin, B. 2014. Optimized TiO2 blocking layer for dye-sensitized solar cells. Ceram. Int. Part B 40:10727–10735.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sathiya Priya, A., Shameem Banu, I. B., Shahid Anwar, M., and Hussain, Sh. 2016. Studies on the multi ferroic properties of (Zr, Cu) co-doped BiFeO3 prepared by sol–gel method. J Sol-Gel. Sci. Technol. DOI: 10.1007/s10971-016-4144-7.
   Google Scholar
• Sharma, S. D., Saini, K. K., Kant, Ch., Sharma, C. P., and Jain, S. C. 2008. Photodegradation of dye pollutant under UV light by nano-catalyst doped titania thin films. Appl. Catal. B, Environ. 84:233–240.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Umar, K., Haque, M. M., Muneer, M., Harada, T., and Matsumura, M. 2013. Mo, Mn and La doped TiO2: synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic activity for the decolourization of three different chromophoric dyes. J. Alloys Compd. 578:431–438.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Venkatachalam, N., Palanichamy, M., Arabindoo, B., and Murugesan, V. 2007. Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol by Zr4+ doped nano TiO2. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem. 266:158–165.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, M., Bai, Sh., Chen, A., Duan, Y., Liu, Q., Li, D., and Lin, Y. 2012. Improved photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitizedsolar cells by Sb-doped TiO2 photoanode. Electrochim. Acta. 77:54–59.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, H., and Zhu, H. 2012. Preparation of Fe-doped TiO2 nanoparticles immobilized on polyamide fabric. Appl. Surf. Sci. 258:10034–10041.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar