References
- Abdullah, A. Z., N. Razali, H. Mootabadi, and B. Salamatinia. 2007. Critical technical areas for future improvement in biodiesel technologies. Environmental Research Letters 2. doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/2/3/034001.
- Abu-Elyazeed, O. S. M. 2015. On the ignition delay of two types of Castor oil bio-diesel using shock tube experiments. Fuel 144:157–63. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2014.12.041.
- Ali, O. M., R. Mamat, and C. K. M. Faizal. 2013. Review of the effects of additives on biodiesel properties, performance, and emission features. Journal Of Renewable And Sustainable Energy 5:012701. doi:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4792846.
- Chong, C. T., J.-H. Ng, S. Ahmad, and S. Rajoo. 2015. Oxygenated palm biodiesel: Ignition, combustion and emissions quantification in a light-duty diesel engine. Energy Conversion And Management 101:317–25. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2015.05.058.
- Conconi, C. C., and P. M. Crnkovic. 2013. Thermal behavior of renewable diesel from sugar cane, biodiesel, fossil diesel and their blends. Fuel Processing Technology 114:6–11. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2013.03.037.
- Coniglio, L., H. Bennadji, P. A. Glaude, O. Herbinet, and F. Billaud. 2013. Combustion chemical kinetics of biodiesel and related compounds (methyl and ethyl esters): Experiments and modeling – Advances and future refinements. Progress In Energy And Combustion Science 39:340–82. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2013.03.002.
- Crnkovic, P. M., C. Koch, I. Ávila, D. A. Mortari, A. M. Cordoba, and A. Moreira Dos Santos. 2012. Determination of the activation energies of beef tallow and crude glycerin combustion using thermogravimetry. Biomass And Bioenergy 44:8–16. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2012.04.013.
- Crnkovic, P. M., C. R. M. Leiva, A. M. Santos, and F. E. Milioli. 2007. Kinetic study of the oxidative degradation of brazilian fuel oils. Energy & Fuels 21:3415–19. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/ef700219u.
- Ding, X., X. Yuan, L. Leng, H. Huang, H. Wang, J. Shao, L. Jiang, X. Chen, and G. Zeng. 2017. Upgrading sewage sludge liquefaction bio-oil by microemulsification: The effect of ethanol as polar phase on solubilization performance and fuel properties. Energy & Fuels 31:1574–82. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b02269.
- Doyle, C. D. 1961. Kinetic analysis of thermogravimetric data. Journal Of Applied Polymer Science 5:285–92. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/app.1961.070051506.
- Dunn, R. O. 2009. Effects of minor constituents on cold flow properties and performance of biodiesel. Progress In Energy And Combustion Science 35:481–89. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2009.07.002.
- GB/T 17377(ISO 5508). 2008. Animal and vegetable fats and oils – Analysis by gas chromatography of methyl esters of fatty acids. Standardization Administration of China and General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing, China.
- GB/T 20828. 2015. Biodiesel blend stock (BD100) for diesel engine fuels. Standardization Administration of China and General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing, China.
- Hoang, V. N., and L. D. Thi. 2015. Experimental study of the ignition delay of diesel/biodiesel blends using a shock tube. Biosystems Engineering 134:1–7. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2015.03.009.
- Husnawan, M., H. H. Masjuki, T. M. I. Mahlia, and M. G. Saifullah. 2009. Thermal analysis of cylinder head carbon deposits from single cylinder diesel engine fueled by palm oil–Diesel fuel emulsions. Applied Energy 86:2107–13. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2008.12.031.
- Jiang, X., and N. Ellis. 2010. Upgrading bio-oil through emulsification with biodiesel: Mixture production. Energy & Fuels 24:1358–64. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/ef9010669.
- Kadota, T., and H. Yamasaki. 2002. Recent advances in the combustion of water fuel emulsion. Progress In Energy And Combustion Science 28:385–404. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0360-1285(02)00005-9.
- Kok, M. V. 2012. Clay concentration and heating rate effect on crude oil combustion by thermogravimetry. Fuel Processing Technology 96:134–39. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2011.12.029.
- Lanjekar, R. D., and D. Deshmukh. 2016. A review of the effect of the composition of biodiesel on NOx emission, oxidative stability and cold flow properties. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews 54:1401–11. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.10.034.
- Leng, L., P. Han, X. Yuan, J. Li, and W. Zhou. 2018a. Biodiesel microemulsion upgrading and thermogravimetric study of bio-oil produced by liquefaction of different sludges. Energy 153:1061–72. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.04.087.
- Leng, L., H. Li, X. Yuan, W. Zhou, and H. Huang. 2018b. Bio-oil upgrading by emulsification/microemulsification: A review. Energy 161:214–32. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.07.117.
- Leng, L., J. Li, Z. Wen, and W. Zhou. 2018c. Use of microalgae to recycle nutrients in aqueous phase derived from hydrothermal liquefaction process. Bioresource Technology 256:529–42. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.121.
- Leng, L., X. Yuan, X. Chen, H. Huang, H. Wang, H. Li, R. Zhu, S. Li, and G. Zeng. 2015a. Characterization of liquefaction bio-oil from sewage sludge and its solubilization in diesel microemulsion. Energy 82:218–28. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2015.01.032.
- Leng, L., X. Yuan, G. Zeng, X. Chen, H. Wang, H. Li, L. Fu, Z. Xiao, L. Jiang, and C. Lai. 2015b. Rhamnolipid based glycerol-in-diesel microemulsion fuel: Formation and characterization. Fuel 147:76–81. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2015.01.052.
- Leng, L., X. Yuan, G. Zeng, H. Wang, H. Huang, and X. Chen. 2015c. The comparison of oxidative thermokinetics between emulsion and microemulsion diesel fuel. Energy Conversion And Management 101:364–70. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2015.05.071.
- Liang, J., Y. Qian, X. Yuan, L. Leng, G. Zeng, L. Jiang, J. Shao, Y. Luo, X. Ding, Z. Yang, et al. 2018. Span80/Tween80 stabilized bio-oil-in-diesel microemulsion: Formation and combustion. Renewable Energy 126:774–82. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2018.04.010.
- Lif, A., M. Nydén, and K. Holmberg. 2009. Water-in-diesel microemulsions studied by NMR diffusometry. Journal Of Dispersion Science And Technology 30:881–91. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/01932690802644079.
- McClements, D. J. 2012. Nanoemulsions versus microemulsions: Terminology, differences, and similarities. Soft Matter 8:1719–29. doi:https://doi.org/10.1039/C2SM06903B.
- Mohan, B., W. Yang, K. L. Tay, and W. Yu. 2014. Experimental study of spray characteristics of biodiesel derived from waste cooking oil. Energy Conversion And Management 88:622–32. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2014.09.013.
- Ozawa, T. 1992. Estimation of activation energy by isoconversion methods. Thermochimica Acta 203:159–65. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(92)85192-X.
- Peng, X., X. Yuan, G. Zeng, H. Huang, H. Wang, H. Liu, S. Bao, Y. Ma, K. Cui, L. Leng, et al. 2014. Synchronous extraction of lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium fermentation broth. Separation And Purification Technology 123:164–70. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2013.12.009.
- Santos, A. G. D., L. D. Souza, V. P. S. Caldeira, M. F. Farias, V. J. Fernandes, and A. S. Araujo. 2014. Kinetic study and thermoxidative degradation of palm oil and biodiesel. Thermochimica Acta 592:18–22. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2014.08.006.
- Singh Chouhan, A. P., N. Singh, and A. K. Sarma. 2013. A comparative analysis of kinetic parameters from TGDTA of Jatropha curcas oil, biodiesel, petroleum diesel and B50 using different methods. Fuel. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2012.12.059.
- Sudhir, C. V., and N. Y. Sharma. 2007. Potential of waste cooking oils as biodiesel feed stock. Emirates Journal For Engineering Research 12:69–75.
- Sun, J., J. A. Caton, and T. J. Jacobs. 2010. Oxides of nitrogen emissions from biodiesel-fuelled diesel engines. Progress In Energy And Combustion Science 36:677–95. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2010.02.004.
- Wang, Y., S. Ma, M. Zhao, L. Kuang, J. Nie, and W. W. Riley. 2011. Improving the cold flow properties of biodiesel from waste cooking oil by surfactants and detergent fractionation. Fuel 90:1036–40. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2010.11.013.
- Wen, Z., X. Yu, S.-T. Tu, J. Yan, and E. Dahlquist. 2010. Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil catalyzed by TiO2-MgO mixed oxides. Bioresource Technology 101:9570–76. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.07.066.
- Yuan, X., X. Ding, L. Leng, H. Li, J. Shao, Y. Qian, H. Huang, X. Chen, and G. Zeng. 2018. Applications of bio-oil-based emulsions in a DI diesel engine: The effects of bio-oil compositions on engine performance and emissions. Energy 154:110–18. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.04.118.
- Yuan, X., L. Leng, Z. Xiao, C. Lai, L. Jiang, H. Wang, H. Li, X. Chen, and G. Zeng. 2016. Pyrolysis and combustion kinetics of glycerol-in-diesel hybrid fuel using thermogravimetric analysis. Fuel 182:502–08. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.06.008.
- Zheng, Z., T. Badawy, N. Henein, E. Sattler, and N. Johnson. 2014. Effect of cetane improver on autoignition characteristics of low cetane sasol IPK using ignition quality tester. Journal Of Engineering For Gas Turbines And Power 136:081505. doi:https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4026812.
- Zhu, R., J. Liang, X. Yuan, L. Wang, L. Leng, H. Li, H. Huang, X.-L. Wang, S.-X. Li, and G. Zeng. 2014. The formation of rhamnolipid-based water-containing castor oil/diesel microemulsions and their potentiality as green fuels. Energy & Fuels 28:5864–71. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/ef501307e.